PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of using gauze frozen with normal saline or ice on thirst-relief and oral condition of laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pretest-posttest design was used. Participants (n=53) received either gauze frozen with normal saline (n=17), ice (n=18) or wet gauze (n=18) for thirst-relief. The subjective thirst level and oral condition of the participants were assessed before the intervention, 15 min after the first intervention and 15 min after the second intervention. RESULTS: After oral care was provided twice, there were significant differences in thirst level among the groups. When oral care was provided twice, the oral condition of tongue, saliva, mucosal membrane, and gingiva was improved in patients receiving gauze frozen with normal saline or ice. CONCLUSION: Gauze frozen with normal saline and ice can be effective for oral care in reducing the thirst level and improving the condition of the oral cavity.
Adult ; Aged ; *Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ; Female ; Freezing ; Gallbladder Diseases/*surgery ; Gingiva/drug effects ; Humans ; *Ice ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects ; Pilot Projects ; Saline Solution, Hypertonic ; Saliva/physiology ; *Thirst/drug effects ; Tongue/drug effects

No abstract available.
Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi*

We report a case of xanthoma disseminatum in a 24 year old male paitient. Multiple yellow-brown papules developed on the flexor aurfaces, such as the neck, axillae, antecubital fossae, groin, and perianal regions. Some papules were detected arouns the eyes and uvulai. biopsy specimen revealed a dense infiltrate of histiocytes, foam cells, Touton giant cells, and other inflammatory cells. No Langerhans granules were seen in the electron microscopic analysis.
Axilla ; Biopsy ; Foam Cells ; Giant Cells ; Groin ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Xanthomatosis* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to evaluate a parent involvement intervention for childhood obesity intended to increase parents' skills in managing children's weight-related behavior and to improve child-parent relationships. Many studies reported on parental influence on childhood obesity, emphasizing parent involvement in prevention and management of childhood obesity. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted. Forty-two parents of overweight/obese children were recruited from four cities and randomized to the experimental group or control group. The parental intervention was provided only to parents in the experimental group and consisted of weekly news-letters and text messages for a period of 5 weeks. Exercise classes and nutrition education were provided to all children. Lifestyle Behaviour Checklist and the Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) were used for measurement of parent outcome. For the child outcome, dietary self-efficacy, exercise frequency, and body mass index were measured. A mixed-design analysis of variance was performed with city location entered as a random effect. RESULTS: After the intervention, CPRS of parents and dietary self-efficacy of children showed an increase in the experimental group (p < .05). Intervention effects differed significantly according to the city location regarding the control efficacy of parents and dietary self-efficacy of children (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The results support the effectiveness of the parent involvement intervention in promoting child-parent relationship and dietary self-efficacy of children. However, a 5-week parent involvement intervention was not sufficient to produce significant changes in children's body mass index. Further research is needed to investigate effects of parent involvement intervention with long-term evaluation.
Adult ; Attitude to Health ; *Body Weight Maintenance ; Child ; Diet Therapy/*psychology ; Feeding Behavior/*psychology ; Female ; Health Promotion/*methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parent-Child Relations ; Parenting/psychology ; Parents/*psychology ; Pediatric Obesity/*prevention & control ; Republic of Korea

Stress cardiomyopathy (SCMP) is characterized by a transient left ventricular dysfunction associated with apical ballooning and compensatory hyperkinesias of the basal segments after emotional or physical stress, but inverted or mid-ventricular variants of SCMP have also been described. Although catecholamine excess has been suggested as a possible pathophysiologic mechanism of SCMP, the etiology of SCMP is still unknown. Here, we report a case of inverted type of SCMP with clinical presentation mimicking acute coronary syndromes. The cause or precipitating stressor was unclear initially, but pheochromocytoma has been demonstrated as a cause of SCMP during clinical follow-up at out-patient clinic in the present case. Catecholamine-producing tumors should be included in the evaluation or management of SCMP, even though initial clinical manifestations are not suggestive for pheochromocytoma.
Acute Coronary Syndrome ; Cardiomyopathies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperkinesis ; Outpatients ; Pheochromocytoma* ; Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy* ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

No abstract available.
Atrioventricular Block ; Humans ; Sarcoidosis

Background and Objectives: There is little data about cardiac geometry in highly trained young athletes, especially female specific changes. We investigated gender difference on exercise induced cardiac remodeling (EICR) in highly trained university athletes. Methods: A total of 1,185 university athletes divided into 2 groups; female (n=497, 22.0±2.3 years) vs. male (n=688, 22.6±2.4 years). Remodeling of the left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), and any cardiac chamber were compared. Results: LV, LA, RV, and any remodeling was found in 156 (13.2%), 206 (17.4%), 82 (6.9%), and 379 athletes (31.9%), respectively. LV, LA, and any remodeling were more common in male than female athletes (n=53, 12.1% vs. n=103, 15.5%, p=0.065), (n=65, 13.1% vs. n=141, 20.5%, p<0.001), (n=144, 30.0% vs. n=235, 34.2%, p=0.058), respectively, whereas RV remodeling was significantly more common in female than male athletes (n=56, 11.3% vs.n=26, 3.8%, p<0.001). Interestingly, the development of LV, LA, and RV remodeling were not overlapped in many of athletes, suggesting different mechanism of EICR according to cardiac chamber. Various predictors including sports type, heart rate, muscle mass, fat mass, body surface area, and training time were differently involved in cardiac remodeling, and there were gender differences of these predictors for cardiac remodeling. Conclusions EICR was common in both sex and was independently developed among cardiac chambers in highly trained university athletes. LV and LA remodeling were common in males, whereas RV remodeling was significantly more common in females demonstrating gender difference in EICR. The present study also demonstrated gender difference in the predictors of EICR.

Background and Objectives: There is little data about cardiac geometry in highly trained young athletes, especially female specific changes. We investigated gender difference on exercise induced cardiac remodeling (EICR) in highly trained university athletes. Methods: A total of 1,185 university athletes divided into 2 groups; female (n=497, 22.0±2.3 years) vs. male (n=688, 22.6±2.4 years). Remodeling of the left ventricle (LV), left atrium (LA), right ventricle (RV), and any cardiac chamber were compared. Results: LV, LA, RV, and any remodeling was found in 156 (13.2%), 206 (17.4%), 82 (6.9%), and 379 athletes (31.9%), respectively. LV, LA, and any remodeling were more common in male than female athletes (n=53, 12.1% vs. n=103, 15.5%, p=0.065), (n=65, 13.1% vs. n=141, 20.5%, p<0.001), (n=144, 30.0% vs. n=235, 34.2%, p=0.058), respectively, whereas RV remodeling was significantly more common in female than male athletes (n=56, 11.3% vs.n=26, 3.8%, p<0.001). Interestingly, the development of LV, LA, and RV remodeling were not overlapped in many of athletes, suggesting different mechanism of EICR according to cardiac chamber. Various predictors including sports type, heart rate, muscle mass, fat mass, body surface area, and training time were differently involved in cardiac remodeling, and there were gender differences of these predictors for cardiac remodeling. Conclusions EICR was common in both sex and was independently developed among cardiac chambers in highly trained university athletes. LV and LA remodeling were common in males, whereas RV remodeling was significantly more common in females demonstrating gender difference in EICR. The present study also demonstrated gender difference in the predictors of EICR.

BACKGROUND: Conventional pacemaker implantation induces left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, which might affect the LV function. We sought to evaluate the impact of different right ventricular (RV) pacing sites on the LV dyssynchrony and performance. METHODS: Comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation including the atrio-ventricular, inter- and intra-ventricular dyssynchrony based on M-mode, conventional Doppler and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was done before and immediately after (< 7 days) pacemaker implantation. For the LV performance, LV ejection fraction, longitudinal peak systolic velocity at the mitral annulus (S') annular or mean longitudinal velocity of the 6 basal segments (Sm) were used. These results were compared with those of 15 age matched controls. RESULTS: A total of 79 patients (48 females, mean age 63 +/- 12 years) underwent RV pacing at the apex (n = 45, group I) or the septum (n = 34, group II). After pacemaker implantation, the QRS duration was significantly increased in both groups, but the change was greater in group I (57.1 +/- 28.3 versus 32.8 +/- 40.5 msec). Both the S' and Sm were lower in pacing groups than those in controls and Sm was significantly higher in group II (4.2 +/- 1.0 versus 4.9 +/- 1.3 m/sec) than group I despite a similar LV ejection fraction. The aortic pre-ejection time and septal to posterior wall motion delay in patients with pacemaker were longer compared to normal controls, but there were no significant differences. Both the TDI velocity and strain analysis showed no difference of the dyssynchrony indices between the two groups, despite a higher tendency of Doppler strain dyssynchrony indices in the RV apical pacing group compared to those of the control. CONCLUSION: Despite the marked increase of the QRS duration after pacing, M-mode, Doppler and TDI failed to demonstrate any difference according to the pacing sites. The long-term effect of the longitudinal contraction being less affected and a smaller increase of the QRS duration in the RV septal pacing group needs to be confirmed in a longitudinal follow-up study.
Contracts ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Sprains and Strains

Infectious arteritis is a rare complication of liver abscess, and infectious arteritis involving multiple arterial sites with pseudoaneurysm formation has not been described previously. A 74-year-old man treated for liver abscess complained of abdominal and neck pain. Abdominal computed tomographic angiography (CTA) revealed a decrease in the size of the liver abscess, but also disclosed a pseudoaneurysm in the distal descending thoracic aorta was newly noted. Neck CTA revealed arteritis with abscess formation in the left internal carotid artery (ICA). Follow-up CTA after antibiotic therapy showed a decrease in the size of the left ICA abscess and a significant increase in the size of the aortic pseudoaneurysm. To prevent the rupture of the pseudoaneurysm, an endovascular stent graft was used. The final CTA revealed the disappearance of the aortic pseudoaneurysm with good apposition of the grafted stent. The patient has been monitored for 3 years with no new clinical events.
Abscess ; Aged ; Aneurysm, False* ; Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteritis* ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Endovascular Procedures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Abscess* ; Neck ; Neck Pain ; Rupture ; Stents ; Transplants