No abstract available.
Cell Line* ; Hantaan virus* ; Humans*

Cutaneous chromomycosis is a slow growing verrucous skin infection caused by five species, identified as Philadophara verruscosa, Fonsecaea dermatitidis, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Fonsecaea compactum, Cladosporium, carionii. We report a case of chromomycosis of the skin causing by Cladosporium genus, in view of its rarity and unique light microscopic and ultrastructural features. This 65-year-old female had suffered from eczematous and lichenified skin lesion for the last two years since she burned her dorsum of the left hand by boiling oil. The lesion was slowly progressed, and ended up to the brownish hardening of the skin covered with crusts. Skin punch biopsy was done. Histologically, the sections revealed typical features of chronic granulomatous inflammation along with the heavy infiltration of the lymphocytes, plasma cells and histiocytes. Pseudocarcinomatous downgrowth of the epidermis and microabscesses in the upper dermis were also found. Numerous thick walled fungal organisms were noted within the giant cells and freely in the dermis, which were positive ant PAS stain, and diastase resistant. Thick mucous capsule is not observed. The organisms showed very faint yellowish walls with a few buddings and a few short elongated hyphae were also noted. Ultrastructurally, the fungus wall was multilayered and inner organelles were sparse. There is no evidence of systemic involvement, especially brain.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

PURPOSE: This was a correlational study to identify effects of perception of clinical ladder system on job satisfaction and intention to leave in perioperative nurses. METHODS: Participants were 154 of perioperative nurses from larger general hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected from April, 16 to 22, 2013 using self-report questionnaires which included items on perception of clinical ladder system, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Data were analyzed using frequency, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe? test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression. RESULTS: The average mean score for perception of clinical ladder system was midline at 2.69 point out of 4 point. Perception of clinical ladder system correlated positively with job satisfaction (r=.38, p<.01) and negatively with intention to leave (r=-.88, p<.01). Perception of clinical ladder system was the factor which most influenced job satisfaction explaining 17.1% of the variance, also perception of clinical ladder system was the factor which most influenced intention to leave, explaining 12.7% of the variance. CONCLUSION: Results of this study suggest that there is a need to enhance the perception of the clinical ladder system and to find ways to fulfill the expected effects for improving perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and reducing the intention to leave.
Career Mobility* ; Hospitals, General ; Intention* ; Job Satisfaction* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul

PURPOSE: This study was carried out to provide the theoretical understanding of mothers' child-rearing attitude and the eventual purpose was to contribute to the development of nursing interventions to help mothers have love-automous childrearing attitudes which will foster child development and enhance harmonious child-mother relationship. METHOD: The data were collected from April to september, 2002 by questionnaires with 130 married child-rearing mothers. Mothers' child-rearing attitudes were rated on the 5-point sclae of Schaefer's Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI). RESULT: 1) In love vs hostility and autonomy vs control, the score of love(3.79) is higher than hostility(2.64) and the score of autonomy(3.54) is higher than control(2.58). 2) In love-autonomous child-rearing attitude(3.69) is highest than hostility-control(2.75), love-control(2.70), hostility-autonomous (2.54) child-rearing attitude and the direction is autonomy-->love. CONCLUSION: Nurses assess mothers' child-rearing attitude and provide teaching and counselling to help mothers to form love-autonomous child-rearing attitude.
Child ; Child Development ; Hostility ; Humans ; Love ; Maternal Behavior ; Mothers ; Nursing ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of a self-help management program which strengthens self-efficacy on the self-efficacy and the activities of daily living(ADL) in stroke patients. METHODS: A quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group, pre and post design was used. The subjects consisted of 47 stroke patients. Twenty-six patients were assigned to the experimental group and 21 patients were assigned to the control group. The self-help management program by strengthen self-efficacy and general hospital care were carried out on the experimental group. General hospital care was performed on the control group. The data was collected before and 5 weeks after the program. All subjects were questioned about the self-efficacy and ADL before and after the program. RESULTS: The scores of the self-efficacy and ADL in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group. CONCLUSION: The self-help management program by strengthen self-efficacy is effective in increasing the self-efficacy and ADL. Therefore this program may be a useful intervention to increase the ADL in stroke patients.
Activities of Daily Living ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Stroke

PURPOSE: This study is to identify factors affecting on the level of practice on nosocomial infection management of operating room nurses. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 155 nurses who worked in operating rooms of six medical centers in located Gwangju and Chonanam area. Data were collected during October, 2006 by the questionnaire including a total of 124 questions. Data collected were analysed with use of SPSS 12.0 program. RESULTS: There was a significant difference of the level of practice by marital status(t=3.957, p=.048), education level(F=3.691, p=.027), position(F=6.588, p=.002), type of hospital(t=4.857, p=.029), number of nurse(F=4.243, p=.007), education about nosocomial infection management(F=3.069, p=.030), management council(t=6.397, p=.012) and management manual(t=6.961, p=.009). There were significant correlations between knowledge and practice (r=.389, p=.000), and between awareness and practice(r=.389, p=.000). Knowledge on nosocomial infection management, awareness of hands washing and positions were affecting factors on the level of practice. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that knowledge and awareness on nosocomial infection prevention and management of operating room nurses should be improved through consistent education. and support of administrator's of hospitals is needed.
Cross Infection ; Hand ; Infection Control ; Operating Room Nursing ; Operating Rooms ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of family function, self-esteem, and loneliness on subjective health status in middle-aged women. METHODS: A five-item family APGAR was used to measure family function. Self-esteem was measured by the Rosenberg's Self-esteem scale, and the level of loneliness was measured using RULS. One-item was used to investigate subjective health status. RESULT: In this study, the level of family function was moderate. The mean score of self-esteem was 29.06, and subjects revealed moderate loneliness. Subjects rated their health status as 'fair'. There were differences in subjective health status according to education and economic status. Through multiple regression, it was found that self-esteem was a variable predicting subjective health status in middle-aged women. CONCLUSION: Facilitating self-esteem of the middle-aged women can be one of the important nursing interventions in maintaining subjective health status as good.
Education ; Female ; Humans ; Loneliness* ; Nursing

BACKGROUND: Troponin T(TnT), a 37 kDa polypeptide subunit of contractile protein, is part of the troponin complect in striated muscle, where it binds to tropomyosin. TnT is not usually found in circulating blood, but increase in serum by cytoplasmic damage. Because the amino acid sequence is unique to cardiac muscle, one can immunologically differentiate skeletal muscle and cardiac protein isoforms. METHODS: We evaluated serum cardiac TnT (ELISA, Troponin-T, Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) versos CK-MB mass (IMX CK-MB, Abbott Laboratories, USA) in 46 cases (173 samples) of acute myocardial infarction, 28 cases (94 samples) of ansi na pectoris, 23 cases (62 samples) of other cardiac disease, and 32 cases of non-cardiac disease from September 1994-June 1996. RESULTS: TnT was detected in serum(cutoff value 0.20 ng/ml) within 6 hours after onset of chest pain, slightly earlier than CK-MB mass (cutoff value 5.0 ng/ml). Sensitivity of TnT (81%) is not statistically different from CK-MB mass (84%) within 24 hour of cutest pain but more sensitive after 24-72 hours of symptom, Specificity (79.5%) and positive predictive value (70.7%) of TnT were superior to that of CK-MB mass within 24 fours of cutest pain, and persistent to 6 days, which was longer than that of Cl4-MB mass. More patients show increment of TnT in unstable angina pectoris(40.0%) than stable angina pectoris(15.4%), No difference in detection rate of TnT between angina pectoris(28.6%) and other cardiac disease patients(34.8%). Only 3.1 % of non-cardiac disease patients show TnT increment. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that TnT Is not detected In most of non-cardiac disease patients, and is an early and later marker with very wide diagnostic time win-dow. Also, TnT can be used as a valuable masker for ischemic myocardial damage in any underlying causes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Angina, Stable ; Angina, Unstable ; Chest Pain ; Cytoplasm ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscle, Striated ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Myocardium ; Protein Isoforms ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Trinitrotoluene ; Tropomyosin ; Troponin T* ; Troponin*

PURPOSE: This study examined relationships among stress, stress coping strategies, and somatization in mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families in a rural area. METHODS: Elderly mothers-in-law (n=227) living with foreign daughters-in-law completed a self-reporting questionnaire. Data were collected from April to August 2009. Questions related to stress (Visual Analog Scale, VAS), coping strategies (Coping Strategy Scale) for stress, and somatization (Symptom Check List 90, Revised). SPSS/WIN 12.0 program was used for descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: Subjects had a moderate level of stress (5.03). There were significant differences in stress level according to age, educational level, religion, chronic disease, health status, number of children, agreement of an international marriage of her sons, satisfaction in living with a foreign daughter-in-law, and family conflict. Stress showed a significant positive correlation with offensive coping strategy, passive strategy, and somatization. Stress, offensive coping strategy, and passive coping strategy affected the level of somatization. CONCLUSION: In a family situation involving co-habitation of mother- and foreign daughter-in-law, increased stress experienced by the mother-in-law can lead to increased offensive and passive coping strategies, and increased somatization. More effective means of stress reduction are needed for mothers-in-law from multi-cultural families.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Aged ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Family Conflict ; Humans ; Marriage ; Somatoform Disorders ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Since the introduction of rubella vaccination in Korea in 1982, several outbreaks of rubella have occurred. In order to examine the current seroepidemiology of rubella virus infection in Korean women of child-bearing age, the healthy university women students of Yonsei University in Seoul aged 18 approximately 26 years were chosen as a model population. A survey was carried out in the time of routine annual physical check-up. Serum specimens of 242 volunteers of healthy women university students were randomly sampled for screening rubella-specific IgG/IgM antibodies by an automated enzyme immunoassay system (Vitek System VIDAS, bioMerieux Vitek, Inc., Lyon, France). A total of 177 subjects were positive for rubella-specific IgG antibody, giving a prevalence of 73.1%. The mean +/- standard deviation of rubella-specific IgG antibody was 99.3 +/- 95.3 IU/mL. In this study, the efficiency of a vaccination was about 88%. With such a relative high proportion of susceptibility (26.9%) among university women students in child-bearing age, a extensive rubella vaccination program should be enforced to prevent possible outbreaks of congenital rubella syndrome in the future.
Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Antigen-Antibody Reactions ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Human ; Immunoglobulin G/analysis/immunology ; Immunoglobulin M/analysis/immunology ; Rubella/*prevention & control ; *Students ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Time Factors ; *Universities ; *Vaccination