No abstract available.
Diabetic Nephropathies*

The completion of the rough draft of the human genome is a remarkable achievement. It provides the overall structures of huge DNA molecules that constitute the genome and an outline of the information needed to create a human being This paper reviewed new ideas, projects, and scientific advances made by the Human Genome Project. We also discussed the future of medicine and biomedical research in postgenomic era.
DNA ; Genome ; Genome, Human* ; Genomics ; Human Genome Project* ; Humans ; Humans* ; Proteome ; Proteomics

Tracheobronchial aspergillosis is an unusual form of invasive aspergillosis characterized by noninvasive or only superficially invasive tracheobronchitis with a propensity for dissemination. We report a two-year-old male who suddenly died of respiratory failure. Postmortem examination revealed a pseudomembrane covering the mucosa of larynx, trachea and bronchial tree of both lungs. This pseudomembrane was composed predominantly of Aspergillus hyphae. There was transmural necrotizing bronchitis with fungal invasion to the narrow zone of peribronchial tissue, and dissemination to the stomach and kidney. This form of pulmonary aspergillosis had not been reported in this country.
Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Autopsy* ; Bronchitis ; Humans ; Hyphae ; Kidney ; Larynx ; Lung ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Stomach ; Trachea

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Hepacivirus* ; Hepatitis C* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Prevalence* ; Renal Dialysis*

We report unusual 3 cases of adult coronary arteriovenous fistula(CAVF) diagnosed by coronary arteriography in Soonchunhyang University Hospital. In one patient with mitral stenoinsufficiency, multiple CAVFs originated from left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary areries. In another patient with significant stenosis(90%) in distal right coronary artery, new CAVF was seen in mid right coronary artery during consecutive coronary arteriography. In the remaining one, it was arose from contus branch of right coronary artery. Surgical correction was performed in two cases.
Adult* ; Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula* ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Studies of human coronary plaque specimens have shown that T lymphocytes and macrophages are present in all types of lesions, from fatty streaks to advanced plaques. There is growing evidence for a pathogenic role for immune response in progression of atherosclerosis. This study was designed to investigate cytokine production by mononuclear leukocytes from patients with myocardial infarction. METHOD: We measured the kinetics of secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-r (IFN-r) by mononuclear leukocytes from 8 control subjects and 12 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Mononuclear leukocytes were isolated and incubated with plant lectin mitogen concanavalin-A for 24 and 48 hours. TNF-alpha and IFN-r secretions were measured by ELISA. RESULTS:There were no significant differences between TNF-alpha and IFN-r secretions by mononuclear leukocytes at and before 24 hours of incubation from both patients and control subjects, but TNF-alpha and IFN-r secretions at 48 hours of incubation were higher (p<0.005, p<0.05) in patients when compared with control subjects. TNF-alpha and IFN-r secretions by mononuclear leukocytes after incubation correlated with the peak level of creatine phosphokinase (CK) and CK-MB. CONCLUSION: Increased cytokine secretory capacity of mononuclear leukocytes may be due to the acute inflammatory response of myocardial infarction. Further trials may be needed to determined the effects of increase in secretory capacity of mononuclear leukocytes before myocardial infarction.
Atherosclerosis ; Creatine Kinase ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear* ; Macrophages ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Plants ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha*

For the non-invasive evaluation of cardiac performance in hyperthyroidism, fractional systolic and diastolic time intervals were determined in 96 female patients with hyperthyroidism from the mechanocardiograms which included apexcardiograms together with electrocardiograms, phonocardiograms and carotid arterial pulse tracings. The observed values of the time intervals inversely related to heart rate, i.e., ejection period, mechanical systole, isovolumic relaxation time and active ventricular filling period, were significantly shortened in proportion to the severity of the disease in general, as determined by the rate of the radioactive iodine uptake of the thyroid glands. However, these values were not significantly different from those of the predicted for heart rate, except for one of mechanical systoles which is a time interval from the onset of the systolic upstroke in the apexcardiogram to the second aortic sound. This suggests that the shortening of these observed values is promarily due to tachycardia associated with hyperthyroidism. One the other hand, the observed values of the time intervals unrelated to heart rate, i.e., electromechanical delay, isovolumic contraction time together with one of its components, namely ventricular pressure elevation time, and rapid ventricular filling period, were significantly shorter than those in the controls, although the degree of the shortening was not related to the degree of the radioactive iodine uptake of the thyroid gland. It appears that the shortening of these time intervals is related to the altered cardiac function caused by hyperthyroidism and, in particular, that of the isovolumic contraction time and ventricular pressure elevation time reflects enhancemet by the thyrotoxic myocardial contractility.
Electrocardiography ; Female ; Hand ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Iodine ; Relaxation ; Systole ; Tachycardia ; Thyroid Gland ; Ventricular Pressure

We describe herein a case of meningioma showing three recurrences and in the end malignant transformation. To compare the differences of MIB1, p53 and progesterone receptor expressions in benign, recurrent and malignant meningiomas of the same patient, we performed immunohistochemical stainings for those markers. MIB1 and p53 reactivities were increased in proportion to histologic aggressiveness. By contrast, the progesterone receptor expression was noted in benign meningioma but not in malignant meningioma.
Humans ; Meningioma* ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Progesterone* ; Recurrence*

Sixty fracture patients (98 fractures) with spastic paralysis due to brain damage have been treated and managed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital during the 3 years period from June 1970 to June 1973. The authors experenced many problems such as nonunion, malunion which results of spasticity and exuberant callus formation. Up to now, there has been a few literatures regarding in the particular field. They were analysed clinically and the results of this study are as follows: 1. Immobilization of fracture site was unstable due to repeated and continued severe muscle spasm and many cases developed severe deformity which necessitated secondary correction. 2. The cases were handled with conservative or operative method according to the patients condition and less deformities were found in the cases which treated with skeletal traction. 3. Exuberant callus formation was observed very frequently in the healing stage of fractures associated with spastic paralysis. 4. In order to detect of inducing factors of exuberant callus formation, the authors studied blood chemistries including calcium, phosphorus, alkalinephosphatase and acid-phosphatase of the patients but no significant changes were found.
Bony Callus ; Brain ; Calcium ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurosurgery ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Phosphorus ; Spasm ; Traction

Nowadays administration of bone marrow transplantation is increasing state by developing society and high leukemia incidence. Decrease of relapse and infection rate result from chemo therapy drug development of treatment and strength. So we look for continuos development of treatment. But through before and after BMT, it takes several months by planing and HLA typing matching possibility of BMT. Also, it takes one or two month by duration of BMT and discharge. During BMT, patients experience emotional change-suggering, anxiety, depression and so on-due to changed body image and strictly isolation in special facility. After BMT, the patients also experience stress such as conditions self-care, support from family, concern of relapse risk and so far enlarge mental, economic and physical change surrounding them due to high cost. Accordingly nurses are required high quality of nursing attentive assesment, understanding of patient's environment and consideration, and teaching in administrative work. The study is attempted to establish nursing theory patients' experience in BMT treatment. Research method followed grounded theory methodology by strauss & Corbin. Subjects were 1 adolescent including highschool patient and 6 adults. This study continued from February 1996 through August 1996. All of these subjects were interviewed by this author. Interview were done by long interview technique and observation. Each interview took 1 hour to 2 hours Content of interview was recorded and transcribed later. The data thus collected were analyzed immediately after interviews and fed into the next round of interviews until the data collection reaches the saturation point. In the process of data analysis, "Terribleness" or "Miserableness" was found to be the core phenomenon. Results were composed to 103 concepts. These concepts were grouped into twenty four categories, and then to eleven categories. Categories include "physical burden", "economic burden", "mental distressing", "heartbreaking", "being gloomy", "horror", "being crushed", "feel oppressed", "being exhausted", "family dependent", "support", "previous data for procedure", "inclination", "exploding", "sharing", "mitigation", "bracing oneself", "becoming attached", "dependence", "thanks", "anxiety", and "abandonment". Patients with bone marrow transplantation were revealed to face "terribleness". Terribleness is found to be progressed through the cycle production-coping-solution. Fourteen hypotheses were derived from the integration of categories as follows ; (1) The stronger the term of suffering as perceived by the subjects, the stronger the "terribleness" will be. (2) The more excessive the degree of suffering as perceived by the subjects, the more excessive the "terribleness" will be. (3) If subjects have family dependent "terribleness" is expressed with abusement. (4) If subjects have no family dependent, "terribleness" will be expressed with exposure and suppressing. (5) The more abundant the sufficient support, "terribleness" will be expressed with exposure and suppressing. (6) The less abundant the sufficient support, "terribleness" will be expressed with abusement. (7) The more abundant the previous data, "terribleness" will be expressed with exposure and suppressing. (8) The less abundant the pervious data, "terribleness" will be expressed with abusement. (9) The more introvert the subject's inclination, "terribleness" will be expressed with exposure and suppressing. (10) The more extrovert the subject's inclination, "terribleness" will be expressed with abusement. (11) The more excessive the degree of "terribleness" will be expressed with abusement. (12) The less excessive the degree of "terribleness" it will be expressed with exposure and suppressing. (13) The more expressive the abusment, "terribleness" will be solved despair. (14) The more expressive the exposure and suppressing, "terribleness" will be solved with expectation. On the basis of the patterns that have the four these below were confirmed. 1. If patients felt large amount of terribleness because of severe suffering, they had family dependent. insufficient support, no previous data and their inclination was extrovert, "terribleness" is solved despair with abusement. 2. If patients felt large amount of terrible because of severe suffering family dependent, sufficient support, pervious data, and their inclination was introvert, "terribleness" is solved expectation with suppressing and exposure. 3. If patients felt small amount of terribleness because of little suffering, no family dependent, insufficient support, no previous data, and their inclination was extrovert, "terribleness" is solved despair with abusement. 4. If patients felt small amount of terribleness because of little suffering, no family dependent, sufficient support, previous data, and their inclination was introvert, "terribleness" is solved expectation with exposure and suppressing. On the basis of the above result, in orer to help nurses take good care of their patient, and understands patient's inclination and background, nursing assessment and intervention on life readjustment, and getting support should be required. It is expected that theoretical framework provided by this study, which shows how "terribleness" products, changes, increases and decrease. Therefore public relations, education, counseling emotional support, understanding inclination and exchange of information will have to be accomplished.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety ; Body Image ; Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Counseling ; Depression ; Education ; Equidae ; Histocompatibility Testing ; Humans ; Incidence ; Leukemia ; Nursing ; Nursing Assessment ; Nursing Theory ; Public Relations ; Recurrence ; Self Care ; Statistics as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires