During 1964 to 1967, a survey of 30,534 persons for filariasis was made on all over the country with the following results: Among 24,816 draftees from all over the country in the army recruitment camp 155(0.63 %) were found infected with Brugia malayi. Cheju Do showed the highest microfilaria rate(3.5 %), North Kyongsang Do(1.4 %) the next and South Cholla Do(1.2 %) the third. Blood films from 2,308 inhabitants were examined and 407(17.6 %) showed microfilaria in Cheju Do. 30(3.1 %) out of 974 inhabitants in North Kyongsang Do were found to be infected. The microfilaria rates were 2.0 per cent for 400 inhabitants of Chindo island in South Cholla Do. However, no positive case of microfilaria was found in the inhabitants of Kokumdo among 1,820 persons examined in South Cholla Do and of Namhae island(among 165 persons examined) in South Kyongsang Do. The mean microfilarial density per 20 cu. mm of blood was 52.6 in the inhabitants of Cheju Do, 12.2 in North Kyongsang Do and 27.3 in Chindo island(South Cholla Do). Any distinct relationship between the incidence of positive cases of microfilariae and age or sex of the cases was not observed in Cheju Do. However, in Norh Kyongsang Do and South Cholla Do the microfilaria rate of the male group is higher than the one of the female group of the inhabitants. From the above survey results it turned out that filariasis was found throughout Southern Korea except Kyonggi Do and South Kyongsang Do. A total 30,534 persons examined, 601(2.0 %) were found to be infected by Brugia malayi. Therefore, it seems that there are some endemic foci of malayian filariasis in three main areas such as North Kyongsang Do, South Cholla Do and Cheju Do.
parsitology-helminth-nematoda-Brugia malayi ; filariasis ; epidemiology ; Army

No abstract available.
Hypopigmentation ; Lichens

Intracranial teratomas are diagnosed mostly in young population and usually involve midline structure. We report a case of mature teratoma in an adult patient with unusual location in cerebellar hemisphere. A 47-year-old woman presented with severe headache and nausea. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a posterior fossa lesion with cerebellar hemispheric location not involving midline. Histological examination of surgical specimen showed fully matured representative tissues of the three germ layers confirming teratoma. This is a rare example of mature teratoma with unusual age of the patient and location.
Adult* ; Cerebellum ; Female ; Germ Layers ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; Teratoma*

The causes of the chylothorax can be classified to the congenital cases, such as the atresia of thoracic duct and thoracic duct-pleura fistula, and the acquired ones, such as thoracic surgery, trauma, malignant disease, venous thrombosis, infection and so on. We experienced a case of left chylothorax in a 10-year-old girl with a lymphangiomatosis of left thorax extending from axillar to buttock. She first received the two weeks of conservative management, which was unsuccessful to subside the chylothorax. Then she was taken the partial pleurectomy and chemical pleurodesis under the thoracoscopy as a surgical intervention, but this is also insufficient to reduce the chylous effusion. Finally she received 10 times of radiotherapy on left thorax, then the chylothorax is controlled completely.
Buttocks ; Child ; Chylothorax* ; Female ; Fistula ; Humans ; Pleurodesis ; Radiotherapy* ; Thoracic Duct ; Thoracic Surgery ; Thoracoscopy ; Thorax* ; Venous Thrombosis

Trichoblastoma is a rare, benign skin tumor of adnexal origin that differentiates toward the hair germ, the embryonic precursor of a hair follicle. Clinically, it presents as a slow growing, solitary, well-circumscribed nodule located predominantly in the head and neck area, with a predilection for the scalp. The trunk, proximal extremities and perianal and genital regions may also be affected. We herein present a case of trichoblastoma which occurred on the trunk as a solitary subcutaneous mass with a central tiny pore in 53-year-old man.
Epidermal Cyst ; Extremities ; Hair ; Hair Follicle ; Head ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Scalp ; Skin

PURPOSE: M. pneumoniae is knwon as a common causative agents of respiratory infection in school children. But, it tends to occur in infants and younger children recently. This study was performed to evaluate the incidence and clinical manifestations of M. pneumoniae pneumonia in infants. METHOD: A total of 142 children(33 infants{Group I : Infants group; 0-2 years} and 109 children{Group II : Children group; 3-6 years}) was admitted with M. pneumoniae pneumonia from January through December 1998. We reviewed medical records and evaluated the incidence, clinical manifestations and laboratory findings. RESULT: Number of patients with M. pneumoniae pneumonia in 0 to 2 years of age(infants group) comprised 23.2% of the total in contrast to 57.1% in 3 to 6 years of age group and 19.7% in 7 to 12 years of age group. Seasonal distribution showed the highest frequency in autumn in infant and children groups(45.5% and 39.4% respectively). The most frequent symptom was cough(90.9% and 96.3%, respectively), followed by sputum(81.8% and 90.8%, respectively), fever(72.7% and 66.0%, respectively) and rhinorrhea(72.7% and 64.0%, respectively). The common physical findings on admission were crackle(84.8% and 80.7%, respectively), wheezing(30.3% and 18.3%, respectively) and throat injection(39.4% and 35.8%, respectively). WBC count was within normal range in both groups(90.9% and 89%, respectively) and CRP was lower than 0.8 mg/dL in 63.6% of infant group and 54.1% of children group. The most common radiologic finding was bronchopneumonia in both groups (47% and 38%, respectively). CONCLUSION: Number of the patients with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in infants age from 0 to 2 years comprised 23.2% of the total. Clinical manifestations of Mycoplasma pneumonia in infants were similar to those of older children. We recommened Mycoplasma pneumoniae should be considerd as a causative agent even in infant with respiratory infection.
Bronchopneumonia ; Child ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Medical Records ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pharynx ; Pneumonia* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Reference Values ; Seasons

PURPOSE: Status epilepticus(SE) is a pediatric and neurologic emergency associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Prompt recognition and management are needed for successful outcomes. We evaluated, clinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of the patients whose first seizure attacks were presented as SE. METHODS: According to the department of pediatrics and the emergency room in Inha University Medical Center, there were a total of 25 children between 1 month and 5 years old who were diagnosed as status epilepticus from July 1996 to June 2002. Also, their medical records were reviewed and analyzed interms of age distribution, accompaning diseases, the types and duration of convulsion, medications, EEG and MRI findings and prognosis. RESULTS: Twenty-five cases were studied. The mean age at the time of the diagnosis was 20+/-1.6 months and 80% of the patients were less than 3 years old. The most common type of the status epilepticus was generalized tonic clonic seizure comprising 15 cases(60%). 64% of the patients were symptomatic:fever(40%), CNS infection(20%), ischemic injury(4%) while 36% were idiopathic. Seizure attacks were terminated within an hour in seventeen patients(68%) and they controlled by one antiepileptic drug in thirteen patients(52%). Of the 20 EEGs, abnormal findings were shown in 13 cases(65%); namely, electrical seizure(30%), abnormal background(30%), and focal epileptiform discharge(5%). Of the 19 brain MRIs, abnormal findings were shown in 9 cases(47%). CONCLUSION: The children whose first seizure attack were presented as SE were less than 3 years old. The prognosis is good in that most of the seizure attacks were terminated within an hour and controlled by one epileptic drug. However those seizure attacks with longer duration, multiple antiepileptic druge and underlying causeare had poor prognosis.
Academic Medical Centers ; Age Distribution ; Brain ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Seizures* ; Status Epilepticus*

Milia are small, superficial keratin cysts believed to be derived from the pilosebaceous follicle, which arise most commonly on the cheeks and eyelids. We report a case of milium occurring on the glans penis in a 18-year-old man, who had a solitary dome-shaped, 2x2 mm sized, yellowish papule. The histopathological examination showed a small keratin-filled, intradermal cyst. The cyst was lined by a stratified epithelium that was a few cell layers thick. This is the first case report in the Korean dermatological literature of milium occurring on the glans penis without coexistence of other dermatoses.
Adolescent ; Cheek ; Epithelium ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Keratins ; Male ; Penis ; Skin Diseases

Balloon cell melanoma, an uncommon histopathological variant of malignant melanoma, was first described by Gardner and Vazquez in 1970. This condition is histopathologically characterized by the presence of balloon cells with varying sizes and atypical nuclei. An 84-year-old woman presented with a solitary, dome-shaped, walnut-sized, brownish nodule on the posterior aspect of the left ear with bleeding, having only detected the nodule 2 weeks prior. Histopathologically, the lobulated tumor mass revealed copious melanin pigment and many balloon cells with clear cytoplasm, atypical nuclei, and variable size. Immunohistochemically, the tumor mass showed positive reaction to S-100 protein and HMB 45 staining. We herein report a typical case of balloon cell melanoma, which developed primarily on the skin.
Aged, 80 and over ; Cytoplasm ; Ear ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Melanins ; Melanoma ; S100 Proteins ; Skin

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is a rare syndrome characterized by persistent and refractory infection of the skin, nail and mucosal tissue by yeasts of the genus Candida. A 70-year-old woman presented with the following skin lesions: ill-defined annular shaped whitish macules on the upper and lower lips accompanying dryness, pain and burning sensation, and yellowish discoloration with onycholysis of the right 4th finger nail. The upper lip lesion showed histopathologic feature of band-like infiltration of lymphocytes in the upper dermis, consistent with lichen planus. But, systemic glucocorticoid was not effective in treating erosive lip lesions. KOH examination and fungal culture of specimens from the upper lip showed hyphal elements and growth of Candida albicans, respectively. Antifungal agent was administered. After the oral medication, skin lesions were improved but there was repeated recurrence. We report a case of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis misdiagnosed as lichen planus.
Burns ; Candida ; Candida albicans ; Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous ; Dermis ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Lichen Planus ; Lichens ; Lip ; Lymphocytes ; Mucous Membrane ; Nails ; Onycholysis ; Recurrence ; Sensation ; Skin ; Yeasts