PURPOSE: Alveolar bone develops with tooth eruption and is absorbed following tooth extraction. Various ridge preservation techniques have sought to prevent ridge atrophy, with no superior technique evident. Collagen has a long history as a biocompatible material. Its usefulness and safety have been amply verified. The related compound, atelocollagen, is also safe and displays reduced antigenicity since telopeptides are not present. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current study evaluated whether the Rapiderm® atelocollagen plug (Dalim Tissen, Seoul, Korea) improves tissue healing of extraction sockets and assessed the sequential pattern of bone regeneration using histology and microcomputed tomography in six beagle dogs. To assess the change of extraction socket, hard tissues were examined 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after tooth extraction. RESULT: The experimental groups showed better bone fill with slow remodeling process compared to the control groups although there was no statistical difference between groups. CONCLUSION: The atelocollagen seems to have a tendency to slow bone remodeling in the early phase of healing period and maintain remodeling capacity until late phase of remodeling. Also, use of atelocollagen increased the bone-to-tissue ratio compared to healing of untreated extraction socket.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Bone Regeneration* ; Bone Remodeling ; Collagen ; Dogs* ; Seoul ; Tooth Eruption ; Tooth Extraction ; X-Ray Microtomography

PURPOSE: The design of the attachment must provide an optimum stress distribution around the implant. In this study, for implant overdentures with a bar/clip attachment or a locator attachment, the stress transmitted to the implant in accordance with the change in the denture base length and the vertical pressure was measured and analyzed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Test model was created with epoxy resin. The strain gauges made a tight contact with implant surfaces. A universal testing machine was used to exert a vertical pressure on the mandibular implant overdenture and the strain rate of the implants was measured. RESULTS: Means and standard deviations of the maximum micro-deformation rates were determined. 1) Locator attachment: The implants on the working side generally showed higher strain than those on the non-working side. Tensile force was observed on the mesial surface of the implant on the working side, and the compressive force was applied to the buccal surface and on the surfaces of the implant on the non-working side. 2) Bar/clip attachment: The implants on the both non-working and working sides showed high strain; all surfaces except the mesial surface of the implant on the non-working side showed a compressive force. CONCLUSION: To minimize the strain on implants in mandibular implant overdentures, the attachment of the implant should be carefully selected and the denture base should be extended as much as possible.
Denture Bases* ; Denture, Overlay* ; Dentures*

Traumatic defects are mostly accompanied by hard and soft tissue loss. This report describes the surgical and prosthetic treatment of a patient with post-traumatic mandibular defect. A split-thickness skin graft was performed prior to implant placement and prefabricated acrylic stent was placed to hold the graft in place. The esthetic and functional demands of the patient were fulfilled by implant-supported screw-retained fixed prosthesis using CAD-CAM technology.
Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Implants ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Prostheses and Implants ; Skin ; Skin Transplantation ; Stents ; Transplants ; Zirconium

PURPOSE: The accuracy of denture bases was compared among injection molding, milling, and rapid prototyping (RP) fabricating method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The maxillary edentulous master cast was fabricated and round shaped four notches were formed. The cast was duplicated to ten casts and scanned. In the injection molding method, designed denture bases were milled from a wax block and fabricated using SR Ivocap injection system. Denture bases were milled from a pre-polymerized block in the milling method. In the RP method, denture bases were printed and post-cured. The intaglio surface of the base was scanned and surface matching software was used to measure inaccuracy. Measurements were performed between four notches and two points in the mid-palatal suture to evaluate inaccuracy. The palatine rugae resolution was evaluated. One-way analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis at α=.05. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences in distances among four notches (P>.05). The accuracy of the injection molding method was lower than those of the other methods in two points of the mid-palatal suture significantly (P < .05). The degree of palatine rugae resolution was significantly higher in the injection molding method than that in other methods (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The overall accuracy of the denture base is higher in milling and RP method than the injection molding method. The degree of fine reproducibility is higher in the injection molding method than the milling or RP method.
Denture Bases ; Dentures ; Fungi ; Methods ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Sutures

PURPOSE: This study was performed to characterize the effects of zirconia coated with calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite compared to smooth zirconia after bone marrow-derived osteoblast culture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bone marrow-derived osteoblasts were cultured on (1) smooth zirconia, (2) zirconia coated with calcium phosphate (CaP), and (3) zirconia coated with hydroxyapatite (HA). The tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay (MTT test) was used for cell proliferation evaluation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was measured to evaluate the cellular morphology and differentiation rate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was employed for the analysis of surface chemistry. The genetic expression of the osteoblasts and dissolution behavior of the coatings were observed. Assessment of the significance level of the differences between the groups was done with analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: From the MTT assay, no significant difference between smooth and surface coated zirconia was found (P>.05). From the SEM image, cells on all three groups of discs were sporadically triangular or spread out in shape with formation of filopodia. From the ALP activity assay, the optical density of osteoblasts on smooth zirconia discs was higher than that on surface treated zirconia discs (P>.05). Most of the genes related to cell adhesion showed similar expression level between smooth and surface treated zirconia. The dissolution rate was higher with CaP than HA coating. CONCLUSION: The attachment and growth behavior of bone-marrow-derived osteoblasts cultured on smooth surface coated zirconia showed comparable results. However, the HA coating showed more time-dependent stability compared to the CaP coating.
Alkaline Phosphatase ; Calcium ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Proliferation ; Chemistry ; Durapatite ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Osteoblasts* ; Photoelectron Spectroscopy ; Pseudopodia

Soft tissue collapse around prepared teeth and pontic is inevitable after removal of the provisional restoration during the impression taking procedures. When inserting gingival retraction cord, soft tissue is displaced to an undesired contour. Viscosity of impression material also causes gingival displacement. Therefore, the consideration to transfer the prosthetically contoured soft tissue to master cast is required, especially in the esthetic area. In this report, the methods to maintain the soft tissue contour and transfer to the mastercast will be introduced. Harmonious contour of the soft tissue can be achieved with provisional restoration and be transferred to the master cast with two different techniques mentioned in this case report.
Denture, Partial, Fixed* ; Tooth ; Viscosity

Fabricating a surveyed prosthesis beneath an existing partial removable dental prosthesis (PRDP) is a challenging and time-consuming procedure. The computer-aided design/computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology was applied to fabricate a retrofitted, surveyed zirconia prosthesis to an existing PRDP. CAD/CAM technology enabled precise and easy replication of the contour of the planned surveyed crown on the existing abutment tooth. This technology ensured excellent adaptation and fit of newly fabricated crown to the existing PRDP with minimal adjustments. In this case report, a seventy-year-old male patient presented with fractured existing surveyed crown. Because the existing PRDP was serviceable, new crown was fabricated to the existing PRDP.
Crowns* ; Dental Prosthesis* ; Humans ; Male ; Prostheses and Implants ; Tooth

PURPOSE: The importance of occlusal contacts of the natural dentition for durability of teeth, mandibular stabilization, and restorative dentistry is well known. The purpose of this study is to analyze the occlusal contact and guidance pattern of Koreans by evaluating the static occlusion on maximal intercuspal position and measuring dynamic occlusion during straight protrusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The occlusal contacts at maximal interincisal position and the occlusal guidance pattern during straight protrusion of 29 subjects were recorded with shimstock foil (Whaledent, Langenau, Germany), T-Scan III (Tekscan Inc., Boston, MA, USA), polyvinylsiloxane registration material (Genie Bite, Sultan Healthcare, Hackensack, NJ, USA) and compared. Occlusal registration procedures were repeated 3 times. The position was fixed to an upright position and the head position was fixed with the Frankfurt horizontal plane paralleling the horizontal plane. Fisher's Exact Test (R-General Public License, ver. 2.14.1) and Pearson's Test were used to assess the significance level of the differences between the experimental groups (alpha=.05). RESULTS: When using shimstock foil, T-Scan III system, and polyvinylsiloxane registration material, most of the patients showed contact on anterior, premolar, and molar teeth during maximal intercuspal position. Approximately 51% of maximal intercuspal position showed anterior contact using shimstock foil. When examining the protrusive movement using shimstock foil and T-Scan III system, guidance pattern with the central incisor was the most common. CONCLUSION: During maximal intercuspal position, there were cases in which not all of the teeth showed occlusal contact. During mandibular protrusive movements, one or more maxillary central incisors frequently joined in straight protrusion and the posterior teeth were disoccluded. Therefore, the anterior teeth protect the posterior teeth, and vice versa. Thus, mutually protected occlusion should be applied when reconstructing occlusion.
Bicuspid ; Bites and Stings ; Boston ; Delivery of Health Care ; Dental Occlusion ; Dentistry ; Dentition ; Eugenol ; Head ; Humans ; Incisor ; Licensure ; Molar ; Tooth ; Zinc Oxide

Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS) is a congenital disease characterized by short stature due to growth hormone deficiency, physical asymmetry, inverted triangular face, micrognathia, prominent forehead, and hypodontia. This case report presents a prosthetic management of a 6-year-old patient with Russell-Silver syndrome treated with overdentures on the maxilla and the mandible using the remaining primary teeth. Subsequent and comprehensive dental management considering the growth and development of a young patient will be necessary.
Anodontia ; Child ; Denture, Overlay ; Forehead ; Growth and Development ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Silver-Russell Syndrome* ; Tooth, Deciduous

In fully edentulous cases, which are accompanied by severe residual ridge resorption and impairment of supporting tissues of complete dentures, proper diagnosis and systemic treatment planning are required for the improvement in retention, stability, and support of prosthesis. Provisional restoration, while it is unfamiliar in complete denture restoration, can be used as a valuable tool, which makes possible to evaluate the stability of complete dentures and receive feedback from patients in complex clinical situations. In this case, a provisional denture was used to improve stability of impression, polished, and occlusal surfaces of complete denture, and to consider esthetic requirements before final denture construction. The result was clinically satisfactory in terms of functional and esthetical aspects.
Denture, Complete ; Dentures* ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Mouth, Edentulous ; Prostheses and Implants