No abstract available.
Concanavalin A* ; Polyethylene Glycols* ; Polyethylene*

No abstract available.
Spinal Stenosis*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Brain Stem* ; Evoked Potentials* ; Hallucinations* ; Humans

Recently spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis have become major causes of low back pain in the orthopaedic field and numerous methods have been designed for its treatment. The authors used the LSDS with posterolateral fusion for 12 cases of spondylolisthesis and spondylolysis having low back pain and tenderness, which were operated on during the 4 years from Jan. 1983 to Jan. 1986 at Wallace Memorial Baptist Hospital. The advantages of LSDS with posterolateral fusion are as follows. l. In the case of distraction spondylodesis of interspinous process between L4 and Sl; A. the diameter of intervertebral formaina as well as of the whole spinal canal is widened. B. decompression is accomplished. C. the mechanical stress on the posterior columns of vertebral arch is lessened because the plumb line is anteriorly transferred. 2. Technique of LSDS; the knee-elbow position has the advantages of maximal kyphosis together with expansion of the space between the vertebral arches, as well as a reduction in the tendency to bleed because the blood collects in the abdominal vessels. 3. Internal fixation of grafted bone is not necessary. 4. A large surface area for unit mass of graft is in contact with blood supply. 5. Hypertrophy or displacement of graft can not encroach upon the epidural space; as may occur in certain circumstances following posterior fusion. The results of treatment are follows; l. In the case of improvement of symptoms after facet infiltration and knee-elbow position, satisfa- ctory results after LSDS were obtained. 2. The progression of slipping was not occurred after LSDS. 3. In increased lumbar lordosis, we have noted the instability especially with the changes from the mean values in Fergusons angles. 4. In the slip angle, there is some tendency to the lumbosacral instability correlating with the in- crease in the body weight. 5. We have also noted that the functional result was not closely related with degree of displacement.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Decompression ; Epidural Space ; Hypertrophy ; Kyphosis ; Lordosis ; Low Back Pain ; Lysergic Acid Diethylamide ; Protestantism ; Spinal Canal ; Spinal Fusion ; Spondylolisthesis ; Spondylolysis ; Stress, Mechanical ; Transplants

Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is an uncommon tumor, comprising about 0.5-2% of all primary malignant tumor of the kidney. The patients of this disease usually presented late with extensive local infiltration. In addition, poor response to surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy result in a poor prognosis and short survival. We report a patient of squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis with staghorn calculi in a 66-year-old woman who had a history of right sided renal colic and palpable abdominal mass.
Aged ; Calculi* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis* ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Renal Colic

BACKGROUND: To report the radiological and clinical outcomes of internal fixation using distal clavicle hook plates for distal clavicle fractures. METHODS: From April 2008 to December 2012, 32 patients with distal clavicle fractures underwent surgery using an AO hook plate. The reduction was qualified and evaluated according to the radiological findings. The evaluation of the clinical outcomes was performed with the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, the Korean Shoulder score, and the visual analogue scale (VAS) pain score. RESULTS: By radiological evaluation, we found that 31 of 32 patients showed anatomical reduction and solid bone union. Although we obtained satisfactory UCLA scores, Korean Shoulder Scale scores, and VAS pain scores, 12 cases of complications were present. We found 4 cases of osteolysis of the acromion, 1 case of nonunion, 3 cases of periprosthetic fractures, 3 cases of subacromial pain, and 1 case of skin irritation. We performed re-operations in 2 patients. CONCLUSIONS: To avoid complications associated with clavicle hook plates, choosing the appropriate hook size and bending of the hook according to the slope of the acromion undersurface is critical. Also, we believe that early removal of clavicle plates may help reduce complications.
Acromion ; California ; Clavicle* ; Humans ; Osteolysis ; Periprosthetic Fractures ; Shoulder ; Skin

STUDY DESIGN: The lumbar segmental motions were analysed in asymptomatic volunteers. OBJECTIVES: To obtain normative data on flexibility and Graf's instability degree in sagittal plan of the normal lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Although several clinical and radiological measurement tech niques are available, little is known about the normal range of lumbar spine motion. As a consequence, the diagnostic evaluation of radiographs are frequently based on subject opinions rather than object reality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors have checked lumbar flexion-extension Yiews of 95asymptomatic volunteers who were divided into 5 groups by the age, and then their flexibility and Graf's instability degree were calculated by Graf's method with using Graf/Bar Mark II(digitalizing table) and personal computer program(RachisR). Evaluation of the sexual difference and comparison of the difference of each age group in spine level were done RESULTS: 1. There were significant differences in flexibility among age groups(p<0.05) and highest flexibility was observed in group 1 (age: 15-19yrs) and 15-19 segment 2. Flexibility was not different between male and female(p>0.05). 3. Graf's instability degree was not different among 5 age groups(p>0.05), and between male and female(p>0.05). 4. The mean Craf's instability degree was below 8o in L2-3, L3-4, and L4-5 segment, but above 8 in L5-S1 segment(male: 11.62+/-9.27 , female. 11.11+/-8.70). CONCLUSIONS: Although we observed small subjects, these results are the basic steps toward more objective and careful interpretation of flexibilty and Graf's instability degree.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microcomputers ; Pliability* ; Reference Values ; Spine ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVE: To report the pregnancy which was made by in vitro fertilization using recombinant follicle stimulating hormone and gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonist. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: Six oocytes were retrieved and all were fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Six embryos were transferred and the pregnancy was confirmed. CONCLUSION: It is envisaged that the availability of recombinant gonadotropins and gonadotropin releasing hormone antagonists will ultimately lead to shorter, cheaper and safer treatments, using reduced dosages.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans

Meralgia paresthetica is a syndrome of pain or dysesthesia, or both, of the anterolateral thigh caused by entrapment or metabolic neuropathy of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve. Many cases of meralgia paresthetica have been presented for a century. We have experienced a case of meralgia paresthetica which was misdiagnosed as lumbar radicu- lopathy at other hospital, of a 53-year-old man who had developed painful paresthesia and dysesthe- sia of the anterolateral thigh caused by soft tissue tuberculosis of oblique abdominal muscles just proximal to the lateral inguinal ligament where the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve passes. We report a case of unilateral meralgia paresthetica secondary to soft tissue tuberculosis with review of literatures because it has not previously been reported.
Abdominal Muscles ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Middle Aged ; Paresthesia ; Thigh ; Tuberculosis*