Low back pain has been recognized as a general symptom rather than a specific disease entity, especially when musculoskeletal lesions of the low back, hysteric conversion symptoms and visceral lesions are present. Today, the development of industry, the complexity of living methods and the execution of medical insurance have increased the number of the patients who have low back pain. In view of the suggestion that the patients who have attacks of low back pain are increasing in our society, and that, at the present time, there is little clinical study of it, the author considered that a study of his current experience would be of some general interest. In this thesis the records of 413 in-patients, whose chief complaint was low back pain and who were treated as such at Han Yang University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics between the periods from May 1972 to April 1978, were studied. The following results can be recognized by observing and analyzing their charts, physical findings and X-ray findings. 1. Of the patients suffering from lumbago, 33.2% were caused by the discogenic origin. Thus, the discogenic orgin was the most common cause of Iumbago, and male:55.4%, female: 4.6%. 2. According to simple L-S spine X-ray findings of the discogenic origin, 35.8%, of the decrease of the lumbar lordotic curve; 30.7% of the narrowing of the intervertebral space. Besides them, some cases of the lumbar scoliosis, osteoarthritic changes, soteoporosis, Knuttson's phenomenon and Schmorls node were appeared. And, 15.3% though they were thought to be the discogenic origin according to their symptoms and the physical findings, had no specific abnormal findings, suggesting that the patients are relatively young and their duration of lumbago is short. 3. Of the lumbar disc herniation, the herniation between the fifth lumbar and the first sacrum was most frequently appeared, 49.5% and the herniation between the fourth lumbar and fifth lumbar formed 41.3%, and the herniation between the third and the fourth lumbar was 2.8%. 4. Of spondylolistheses, the highest proportion, 66.7%, occured in the fifth lumbar level. And in the degree of slipping, 96.3% came under the grade 1 of Meyerding's method. 5. The frequency of anomaly, among the patients with lumbago, appeared as follows; spina bifida formed 12.6%: sacralization, 8.0%: lumbarization, 4.6%: tropism, 3.6%. 6. Of the patients with discogenic origin, 91.2% were under conservative treatment and 8.8% were under operative treatment. 7. Of the patients with Tbc spine, 35.9% were under conservative treatment, and 64.1% under operative treatment. Among the methods of operation, curettage and anterior interbody fusion was 80%: posterior interbody fusion, 12%: incision and drainage, 8%. 8. In the treatment of spondylolistheses, 66.7% were under conservative treatment, and 33.3% under operative treatment. In the operatlve methods, 6 cases were performed by posterior spinal fuslon by H-sahped bone graft: and 3 cases, postero-lateral spinal fusion.
Clinical Study ; Curettage ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance ; Low Back Pain ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Sacrum ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Spondylolisthesis ; Transplants ; Tropism

We report an atypieal case of xanthoma without evidence of underlying disease, A 50-year-old asymptomatic, yellowish, flat plaques on the upper eyelids, trunk and thighs, and huge, deep-seated tumors on anterior aspect of the neck, back and ankle areas of 3 years duration. Biopsies were performed at the lesions of the neck and hack. Two biopsy specimens showed the same findings of xanthoma, respectively. The appearance of refrigerated serum was clear. Paper electrophoresis didn't show elevation of any lipoprotein, suggesting normolipoproteinemia.
Ankle ; Biopsy ; Electrophoresis, Paper ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Thigh ; Xanthomatosis*

No abstract available.
Daegu* ; Gyeongsangbuk-do* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length*

Sebaceous adenoma is a benign organoid tumor of proliferating, incornpletely differentiated sebaceous glands. We report a case of sebaceous adenoma in a 15-year-old male. He had a 1.7 x 2.2 cm sized, asymptomatic, srnooth, round, raised, firm, reddish tumor on the left quadrant of abdomen. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of lobules of irregular size and shape, and sharply demarcated from the surrounding tissue, The most lobules showed undifferentiated germinative and mature sebaceous cells in about equal number. Sebaceous cells in lobules were stained for prekeratin by means of avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. Ten months after surgical excision there was no evidence of recurrence.
Abdomen ; Adenoma* ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Organoids ; Recurrence ; Sebaceous Glands

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is the main cause of failure in retinal reattachment surgery, Vitrectomy combined with pharmacologic therapy to inhibit proliferating and contracting epiretinal membranes appears to be a promismg approach in the management of PVR. We investigated the inhibitory effect of intravitreal 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on experimental PVE induced by intravitreal injection of homologous dermal fibroblast in pigmented rabbits. At 6 weeks after intravitreal injection, Goup I (fibroblast only), Group II (early treatment with 1mg of 5-FU), and Group Ill (delayed treatment with 1mg of 5-FU) developed the retinal detachment in 85.7%, 33.3%, and 58.3% respectively. The rate of retinal detachment was lower in treatment groups than in non-treatment group, but there was a statistically significant difference only between non-treatment group (Group I) and early-treatment group (Group II) (p<0.05). In the group that only 5-FU was injected (Group IV), the retinas were preserved in normal clinically and pathologically. These results show that 5-FU may exert a significant anti proliferative effect on intraocular proliferative disorders including PVR especially if the drug is administered more earlier.
Epiretinal Membrane ; Fibroblasts ; Fluorouracil* ; Intravitreal Injections ; Rabbits ; Retina ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative*

Adenoma ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Palate ; Parotid Gland ; Recurrence ; Salivary Glands ; Young Adult

Peripheral eosinophilia is perpetually associated with many disease conditions like asthma, parasitic disease, IL-2 therapy, hypereosinophilic syndrome and eosinophilia/myalgia syndrome. Furthermore, peripheral eosinophilia may also be linked with Graves' disease, which is induced by thyroid-stimulating anti-TSH receptor antibodies and is related to type 2 helper T cell(Th2) predominant condition that is dependent on humoral immunity. In some of the cases of Graves' disease, thyrotoxicosis may induce peripheral eosinophilia associated with relative cortisol deficiency. In our present study, we present a case of two patients who were suffering from Graves' disease without any thyrotoxic symptoms and exhibited increased levels of peripheral eosinophil count. But, the count was observed to decreas in euthyroid state.
Antibodies ; Asthma ; Eosinophilia* ; Eosinophils ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Immunity, Humoral ; Interleukin-2 ; Parasitic Diseases ; Thyrotoxicosis

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of size and morphology of the normal trachea is important for airway management and tracheal reconstruction. Conventional radiography is a simple method used to measure the tracheal diameter, but it is not accurate because of the artifacts related to image magnification and overlapping by the shoulder. The purpose of this study was to provide the normal values of the tracheal size and anatomy in Korean adults using Computerized Tomography. MATERIAL AND METHOD: There were 43 men and 34 women included in this study. They were divided into three age groups(group 1, 20-39 years ; group 2, 40-59 yeas ; groups 3,>or=60 years). The anteroposterior and transverse diameters and cross - sectional areas of the trachea were measured at the level of the thoracic inlet(Level 1) and the aortic arch(Level 2). These values obtained at each level were compared between age groups and sexes. RESULT: In 43 men, the anteroposterior / transverse diameters(mean SD in millimeters) of the trachea at levels 1 and 2 were 19.95+/-2.99 / 17.72+/-2.13 and 19.77+/-2.57 / 18.02+/-2.19, respectively. In 34 women, those values at levels 1 and 2 were 15.56+/-2.12 / 14.18+/-2.07 and 15.35+/-1.82 / 15.00+/-1.60, respectively. At both levels, the anteroposterior and transverse diameters were significantly greater in men than in women (p<0.05). The cross-sectional area of the trachea at levels 1 and 2 were 279.14+/-61.37 / 281.93+/-63.97 mm2 in men and 173.29+/-35.81 / 181.88+/-34.74 in women, respectively. They also showed significantly greater values in men than in women(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in diameters and cross-sectional areas of the trachea between age groups. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the internal diameter and cross- sectional area of the trachea between men and women in normal Korean adults, while the age difference was insignificant. We believed CT is a relatively accurate and safe way to measure the internal diameter and cross-sectional areas of the trachea.
Adult* ; Airway Management ; Artifacts ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Reference Values ; Shoulder ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea*

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is well known as a potent inducer in monokine induced by IFN-gamma (Mig) mRNA expression. Although lipopolysaccharide (LPS) alone is weakly effective on Mig mRNA expression. the stimulation of LPS and IFN-gamma (LPS/IFN-gamma simultaneously has been shown to synergize to produce a high level of Mig mRNA in mouse peritoneal macrophages. In this study, interleukin-10 (IL-10) was found to suppress the LPS/IFN-gamma- induced Mig mRNA expression in cell type- and mouse strain-specific fashion, but IFN-gamma alone-induced Mig mRNA was unaffected by IL-10 under identical experimental conditions. The IL-10-mediated suppression of LPS/IFN-gamma-stimulated Mig mRNA expression was dependent on the concentration of IL-10, and was prevented when the agent was added 2 hours after LPS/IFN-gamma treatment. The suppressive action of IL-10 was dependent on a protein synthesis. However, IL-10 did not reduce the stability of LPS/IFN-gamma-induced Mig mRNA. These data may have important implications for a previously unrecognized role for IL-10 as a regulator of synergistic effect of LPS on the IFN-gamma-induced expression of the Mig gene in macrophages.
Animals ; Gene Expression* ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-10* ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; Mice ; RNA, Messenger

BACKGROUND: Recently, patients' demands for emergency medicine are increasing, and most of prehospital medical care, including basic life support, cardiopulmonary resuscitation and triage, are provided by paramedics or emergency medical technicians. Evaluation of the adequacy of prehospital management and triage has become important for improving the quality and the effectiveness of the emergency medical system. METHODS: The 202 patients who were transferred by ambulance with paramedics, nurses, or emergency medical technicians to the Emergency Department in Gil Medical Center from July 1, 1999, to September 31, 1999, were enrolled. This study was conducted prospectively by using the emergency physician's log and newly devised protocols recorded by paramedics or nurses. RESULTS: 1) Male to female ratio was 1:0.8, and the peak age of the patients were the 4th(18.8%) and 6th decade(15.3%). 2) Of the 202 patients, 84 patients were transferred for trauma and 118 for medical problems. The mean transfer time was 6+/-1.73 minutes. 3) The validities of prehospital triage and decisions using the trauma severity measure and the disease severity measure, were 33.3% in trauma patients and 57.6% in medical patients. 4) The results for the adequacy rate in prehospital management analyzed by using the rate of necessity of treatment, performance of treatment, and adequate treatment were as follows: oxygen supply, 38.1/41.6/93.8; wound dressing, 19.3/71.8/92.9; immobilization of the cervical spine, 15.8/56.3/92.9; application of a spinal board, 12.9/42.3/72.7; application of a splint, 9.9/50.0/60.0; manual maintenance of an airway, 9.9/55.0/63.6; and CPR, 4.5/66.7/0.5) Kind of ALS(Advanced Life Support) were not conducted(peripheral IV, EKG, intubation medical administration, defibrillation, pacing). The rates of necessity of treatment were as follows: peripheral IV, 40.6%; ECG monitoring, 23.3%; endotracheal intubation, 8.9%; medical administration, 8.9%; defibrillation, 3.5%; and pacing, 1.5%. CONCLUSION: The adequacy of prehospital triage and decisions using trauma and disease severity measures was relatively low. To improve the adequacy of BLS(Basic Life Support) and to increase the performance of ALS(Advanced Life Support), we must create challenges to develop new protocols and to supplement new equipment.
Allied Health Personnel ; Ambulances ; Bandages ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Electrocardiography ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Technicians ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Intubation ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Spine ; Splints ; Triage* ; Wounds and Injuries