The differential diagnosis between Spitz nevus and malignant melanoma is difficult due to similar histologic findings. To obtain the useful aids for the differential diagnosis between two diseases, we studied 13 cases of Spitz nevus, 8 benign nevi of compound and intradermal, and 9 melanomas of primary and metastatic, using the immunohistochemical stain for S-100 protein, HMB.45 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA). The staining pattern and intensity of S-100 protein showed homogenously strong positive reactivity in all cases. The frequency of HMB.45 positive cell in Spitz nevus was significantly lower than that in melanoma. When compared with the usual compound and intradermal nevi, Spitz nevi showed more significantly positive reaction in the dermal component of nevus cells. The expression of PCNA was higher in melanoma than in Spitz nevus. The immunohistochemical stains for HMB.45 and PCNA are considered as a useful methods for differentiation between Spitz nevus and melanoma, while stain for S-100 protein is not helpful.
Diagnosis, Differential

Legg-Perthes' disease, as avascularity of the femoral head that often arises in the child of a particular age group, is a serious disease of which the frequency is more than the osteochondroses of the other part, and the cause of Legg-Perthes disease is obscure up to now, but the pathogenesis and, pathology are more clearly understood. Twenty patients with Legg-Perthes disease were managed at the department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Hanyang University hospital from May, 1972 till September, 1977 and were studied according to the method of Catterals classification arid arthrogram. The following conclusion were made. 1. The age group with the highest frequency was that from 6 to 9 years (40%) and the ratio of male: female was 6: 1. 2. The stage of disease s progress when patient went to hospital was almost fragmentation stage as 17 persons of the whole. 3. By arthrogram Spherical form of femoral head was 15%; Round form 45%; Flatten form 40%. 4. The longer the period from onset to beginning of treament was the more femoral head flattened. 5. There was the most number of patient as 13 persons of the whole wearing abduction internal rotation brace. 6. From the view point of arthrogram the more spherical the femoral head was the better the prognosis was; otherwise the worse.
Arthrography ; Braces ; Child ; Classification ; Disease ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease ; Male ; Methods ; Osteochondrosis ; Pathology ; Prognosis

In the developed countries in Europe and the United States, The spinal tuberculosis is of no serious problem due to the developed anti-tuberculotic agents and the advanced operative techniques. However, in Korea poor economic and other conditions prevent many patienta from getting proper treatments for spinal tuberculosis. We analysed 45 cases of spinal tuberculosis who were treated at our department during three years from June, 1972 to June, 1975 by operative treatment and being compared with these results that obtained conservative treatment. The results were obtained as follows; 1. There was most common in below 9 years old (28.9%) and common age incidence was below 35 years old (68.8), The sexual incidence was 22 in male and 23 in female. 2. Lower thoracic and upper lumbar were mostly involved, i.e thoracic (52.2%), lumbar (32.7%), thoraco-lumbar in orders. 3. Two affected vertebra was most common in 33 cases, number of affected vertebra averaged 2.5. 4. In laboratory finding, E.S.R. that was 50–60 mm/hr. in average of then admission wss shifted as normal range of 10–20 mm/hr. after cure of 5–6 months. 5. In 28 cases of operative treatment, anterior spinal fusion was done in 19 cases (67.9%), posterior spinal fusion in 8 cases(28.6%), one case(3.5%) was treated by thoracotransversectomy. 6. In consequence of pathologic exaraination and A.F.B. stain, the case of tuberculotic constitution was 18 in tissue pathology, and that of positive reaetion was 9 in direct smear for A.F.B. 7. The case that tuberculosis was limited at spine and was not found in other organs was 27, it got from 60% of the whole. 8. Average kyphotic angle of the thoracic region after operation was 4.3°, in 6 months was reduction of 1.8°, that of lumbar region after operation was 1.2°, in 6 months was reduction after operation was reduction of 0.7°, as change of radiologic kyphosis. 9. As a result of being cured during 18 months by operative or conservative methods, not a case is found in activity.
Constitution and Bylaws ; Developed Countries ; Europe ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Kyphosis ; Lumbosacral Region ; Male ; Pathology ; Reference Values ; Spinal Fusion ; Spine ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Spinal ; United States

Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are being increased every year by many factors. But there are two important factors. First of all the atmospheric contamination is due to modern civilization, secondarily, the increase of old age population which is the result of prolonged life span by contribution of modern medicine. For these reasons increasing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anesthesiologists have had increased problems to administer anesthesia, because these patients are most difficult to manage for anesthesia. Author have studied for if it could be diminished these problems by comparing of the complications during period of anesthesia induction, maintenance, recovery and 5 postoperative days, with IPPB therapy and other physical therapy. The results of the study are as follows: 1) Pre and postoperative IPPB therapy is more useful to diminish anesthesia problems compared with other physical therapy. 2) Other physical therapy is useful when compared with controlled group. 3) IPPB therapy is the choice of treatment for postoperative atelectasis. Statistical significance was assessed by using student t test.
Anesthesia ; Civilization ; History, Modern 1601- ; Humans ; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing* ; Lung Diseases, Obstructive ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis, Differential*

The concept of using radiographic measurements in the diagnosis of intraspinal lesions is not new. There have been many studies for the measurements of the spinal canal and normal ranges of variation in normal human and patient with spondylosis or developments stenosis. The author measured the cervical spinal canal in 89 normal Korean adults plain X-rays(male;62 cases, female;27 cases) in order to establish a range of normal value in X-ray diagnosis. The sagittal diameters of the cervical spinal canal were measured from the middle of the posterior surface of the vertebral body to the "nearest point" on the cortical line at the point of fusion of the corresponding laminae. The transverse diameters of the cervical spinal canal were measured the interpediculate distance which represents the greatest diameter of the cervical neural canal from C3 to C7. According to the normal ranges of the sagittal and transverse diameters of the cervical spinal canal, It was concluded: 1. The sagittal diameter is progressively narrowed from C1 to C4(Mean+/-SD=C1; 21.83+/-2.43, C2; 19.30+/-2.39, C3; 17.14+/-2.65, C4; 16.41+/-2.47) thereafter it is progressively widened from C5 to C7(C5; 16.79+/-2.72, C6; 17.39+/-2.74, C7; 17.68+/-2.81). 2. The transverse diameter is progressively widened from C3 to C6(Mean+/-SD= C3; 27.10+/-2.23, C4; 28.05+/-2.30, C5; 28.95+/-2.36, C6; 29.12+/-2.25) thereafter it is narrowed in C7(C7; 27.81+/-2.28). 3. Generally, the length of the male are more longer than that of female both in sagittal and transverse diameter in cervical spinal canal(average;1.29 mm). 4. Ranges of normal values both in sagittal and transverse diameters in whole length of the cervical spinal canal were established(Fig. 5. Table 4, and 5).
Adult* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neural Tube ; Reference Values ; Spinal Canal* ; Spondylosis

ACL plays an important role in stability of knee joint and its injury causes instability of joint which is known as the initiation of problem knee. Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament would be preferred to the primary repair in treatment. And recently with the advance of arthroscopic technique and development of bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPB) graft material, the result of reconstruction is somewhat superior to that of primary repair. Authors compared the results of 20 primary repairs (Group I ) and 20 reconstructions (Group II) among 64 acute ACL injury treated Sung-Ae General Hospital from January 1989 to December 1994. The results were as follows: 1. Most common associated injuries were medial collateral ligament rupture and medial meniscal tear. 2. Group I showed postoperatively 13 negative anterior drawer test, 12 negative Lachmann test and 12 negative pivot shift test and group II showed postoperatively 17 negative anterior drawer test, 15 negative Lachmann test and 17 negative pivot shift test. (p<0.05) 3. In postoperative Lysholm knee scoring scale, group I showed 86 points and group II showed 93 points (p<0.05). 4. In postoperative KT-1000 arthrometer, 12 cases in Group I and 16 cases in Group II showed less than 2mm difference with sound side (p<0.05).
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Collateral Ligaments ; Hospitals, General ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Joint ; Rupture ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

There are many disease entities which are associated with hemoglobinuria but the report of which is very rare during anesthesia except in the case of incompatible transfusion. The authors experienced a case of severe hemoglobinuria during general anesthesia with halothane, nitroud oxide, and thiopental sodium. The patient had no transfusion perioparatively, and no history of hemoltic problems except for prolonged oozing after ethrane anesthesia for tympanoplasty five monthes ago previously. The hemogiobinuria disappeared after two days of corticosteroid therapy, but afterwards the patient suffered from mild hepatitis which seemed to be due to repeated halothane anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Enflurane ; Halothane ; Hemoglobinuria* ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Thiopental ; Tympanoplasty