No abstract available.
Arthritis, Juvenile*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Ileus* ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst*

No abstract available.
Intestinal Atresia* ; Meconium* ; Peritonitis* ; Sepsis*

No abstract available.
Biliary Atresia*

No abstract available.
Foreign Bodies*

Between December 1994 and December 1996, 42 patients underwent arthroscopic meniscal repair in our institute. Among them, 31 patients with a follow up more than one year were reviewed. Mean age was 24.4 years(range, 18-52 years) and mean interval between onset of symptom and opera- tion was 12.3 months(range, 3 days-6 years). The associated injuries were tibial plateau fracture(6 cases), anterior cruciate ligament injury(4 cases) and posterior cruciate ligament injury(2 cases). The type of tear were longitudinal in 28 cases(90%) and combined in 3 cases(10%). Most of the meniscal tear were encountered in posterior hom(12 cases, 39%) and middle portion(11 cases, 35%). Out side to in technique was used in anterior horn tears and inside to out technique in middle or posterior hom tears. In tibial plateau fractures, arthroscopic assisted reduction was performed with autogenous bone graft. Ligament reconstructions were performed in the cases of associated cruciate ligament injury. According to Ikeuchis grading system, the result was satisfactory(excellent or good) in 23 cases(74%), fair in 6 cases(19%) and poor in 2 cases(6%). But in the cases of isolated meniscal injury, the result was satisfactory in 95%. The result of arthroscopic repair in the meniscal tears associated with other intra-articular injuries seems to be worse than that of the isolated injuries.
Animals ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Follow-Up Studies ; Horns ; Humans ; Ligaments ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Transplants

There had been total 20 patients with early onset(4 months~2 years) primary nephrotic syndrome in the Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, during the period from March 1987 to February 1993. We analysed clinical courses, response to treatment, pathological findings and prognosis of the patients And the results were as follows; 1) The initial responders to steroid treatment were 10(50%), of whom 3 became late nonresponders. Of the 10 initial nonresponders, 8 revealed continuing nonresponsiveness. 2) Incidence of hypertension was significantly higher in the intial nonresponders than in the initial responders. 3) Renal biopsies were performed in 9 initial nonresponders and 2 late nonresponders. And the results were 6 with minimal change lesion, 4 with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and 1 with mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. 4) Six continuing or late nonresponders received methylprednisolone pulse therapy or cyclophosphamide. And partial remission was induced in 4 of them. 5) The overall 3 year maintenance rate of normal renal function was 81%(100% in the initial responders and 64% in the initial nonresponders). In conclusion, the initial steroid responsiveness and prognosis were poorer in patients with early onset nephrotic syndrome than in patients with usual childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Biopsy ; Cyclophosphamide ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Methylprednisolone ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Seoul

To evaluate the antiproteinuric effect and antihy-pertensive effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor according to the angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ecNOS) genotypes, 72 proteinuric patients and 121 control subjects were examined. Patients who were on oral steroids or who had taken antihypertensive or antiproteinuric drug within four weeks before the base-line period were excluded from this study. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, 24 hour urine protein, and 24 hour urine creatinine level were measured before drug administration. The patients were given a four-week supply of enalapril 10mg if no cough were occurred. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, 24 hour urine protein, and 24 hour urine creatinine level were measured repeatedly after drug administration. In genotype distribution of the ACE gene poly- morphism, there was no significant difference between controls and proteinuric patients. The antiproteinuric effect was dominent in DD genotype. But, there were no significant association between antiproteinuric effect and ecNOS polymorphism in prote-inuric patients. We also failed to detect any signi- ficant association between the ACE and ecNOS ge-ne-polymorphisms and blood pressure lowering effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor. Our result suggested that antiproteinuric effect of enalapril in proteinuric patients was more prominent in DD genotype. But, a further study with larger number of patient population would be necessary.
Angiotensins* ; Blood Pressure ; Cough ; Creatinine ; Enalapril ; Genotype ; Humans ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A* ; Proteinuria* ; Steroids

The recently proposed Bethesda system for cervical/vaginal cytology has made a standardization related to "atypia". In cellular changes due to inflammation or repair, the word "benign cellular change" has been suggested as a substitute for atypia. Terminology related to atypical cells may become standardized, but the cytologic criteria has not been well defined yet. We evaluated 160 cases of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance(ASCUS) by the Bethesda System(TBS). Among 30,428 cases screened, a cytologic diagnosis of ASCUS was made in 498 cases(1.6%) and 160 cases were histologically verified. ASCUS was diagnosed based on nuclear enlargement and nonclassical signs of condyloma. The results are as follows: One hundred and twenty three cases(76.9%) revealed chronic cervicitis. Thirty seven cases(23.1%) demonstrated squamous intraepithelial lesion. Among intraepithelial lesions, condyloma and mild dysplasia were 28 cases(75.7%). Moderate and severe dysplasia were 5 cases(13.5%) and 4 cases(10.8%), respectively. It is concluded that patients with ASCUS should be colposcopically examined.
Breast ; Diagnosis ; Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Pneumococcal Infections* ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus* ; Uterine Cervicitis