The purpose of this study was the presence of accessory tendon and its anatomical variation of insertion of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. 1. Among 46 cases, all had one or more accessory tendon except one which inserted into the base of the first metacarpal bone on its anterolateral surface with a single tendon. 2. Among 45 cases (which had one or more accessory tendon), the abductor pollicis longus tendon inserted into the trapezium in 30 cases(66.6%), and thenar muscles in 38 cases (84.4%). 3. Among 46 cases, the extensor pollicis brevis tendon inserted into the proximal phalanx in 30 cases(65%) and into the distal phalanx with extensor pollicis longus in 8 cases (18%) and into both in 8 cases (18%). 4. Among 22 cadavers, symmetry of insertion of the abductor pollicis longus noticed in 16 cases (88 and extensor pollicis brevis in 21 cases (95%).
Cadaver ; Muscles ; Tendons

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most prevalent cancer in the western world, showing a rapid increase in incidence. Activation of the Sonic hedgehog/Patched (PTCH) and is sisnalling pathway, due to PTCH inactivation, is a key event in sporadic and familial BCC development in humans and is associated with transcriptional activation of specific target genes, including GLI-1. Recently, PTCH inactivation by UV-specific mutation has been reported to develop BCC. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression pattern of GLI-1 oncogene in BCC of sun-exposed and non-exposed areas of skin. METHOD: We examined 20 cases of BCC, and 4 cases of BCC occurring in sun-exposed and non-exposed areas, using an immunohistochemical method with paraffin-embedded sections. RESULTS: The results were as follows. 1. All cases of BCC showed a positive staining for GLI-1 protein. 2. In the staining pattern of GLI-1 protein, BCC in both sun-exposed and non-exposed areas showed diffuse staining throughout the tumor lobules. Moreover, the degree of staining was not found to be different between the BCC of sun-exposed and non-exposed areas. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increased GLI-1 expression is important for BCC development. And multiple factors, including PTCH mutation due to UV irradiation, may affect GLI-1 expression.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Oncogenes ; Skin ; Transcriptional Activation ; Western World

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to get baseline data to establish a guideline for the infant nutrition by observing the feeding practice and nutritional intake during infancy and evaluationg the nutritional status of iron and lipids at 12-month-old infants. METHODS: This survery was cnducted from July to November, 1992. Subjects were healthy infants who were brought to Yeungnam University Hospital for vaccination. We followed up feeding methods for 6 months in 120 infants, and laboratory tests which include hemoglobin, fematocrit, MCHC, ferritin, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio were done in 36 infants at 12 months of age. RESULTS: Male to female sex ratio was 1.6:1 in total 120 study infants. Among 36 infants who took laboratory tests, five infants were breast-fed, 25 were formula-fed, and 6 were mexed-fed. Percentage of the formula-fed infants increased as their monthly age increases. Although 54.2% of the studied infants were started weaning diet at four months of age, 10.8% of infants were not given any weaning diet until 6 month of age. Breastfed infnats had lower hemoglobin(10.6+/-1.8g/dl), hematocrit(32.6+/-3.6%), serum ferritin(13.6+/-13.1ng/ml)(p<0.05), and 15.6% of them had anemia and 16.7% of them had iron deficiency. Serum lipids levels except total cholesterol in breaset-fed female infants were comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that the incidence of iron deficiency anemia was increased in breast fed infants and there was no difference in lipids levels according to different feeding methods. Adequate iron supplementation through weaning diets is one of the most important problems in breast milk feeding
Anemia ; Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; Breast ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; Feeding Methods ; Female ; Ferritins ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Iron* ; Male ; Milk, Human ; Nutritional Status* ; Sex Ratio ; Triglycerides ; Urea ; Vaccination ; Weaning

Nerve sheath tumors are not frequent in the head and neck area. They might arise from large or small units of cranial, cervical and brachial plexuses as well as the cervical symphatic nerves. Their clinical course and findings are not similar, and preoperative diagnosis are extremely difficult in some cases. We experiencd eighteen cases of extracranial nerve sheath tumors in the head and neck regions during the past six years Twelve of them were schwannomas, and six of them were neurofibromas which did not associate with Von Recklinghausen's diseases. This analysis of eighteen cases and two representative cases are reported with literature review.
Brachial Plexus ; Diagnosis ; Head* ; Neck* ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms* ; Neurilemmoma ; Neurofibroma

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Blastoma*

We performed this study to show that it is possible to identify underlying causes of de ath not identif ied by issued death certificates by mapping and adding information from National Database(DB) such as health insurance DB or KUHDDS(Korea Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Sets) with death certificates. We collected 2,986 death certificates issued at Cheonan, Asan provinces and 458 death certificates issued at 3 general hospitals at Chenoan city. Mapping of death certificate data with health insurance DB was possible in 77.4%(Cheonan, Asan provinces) and 87.3%(3 general hospitals at Cheonan city) of cases. Rate of underlying causes of death identified from records on death certificates before mapping was 64.4% and 68.3% each. After mapping and adding information from health insurance DB, the rate increased to 79.8% and 79.2% each. This work was done by skilled medical record officers. We also selected death certificates which recorded the causes of deaths as old age, cardiopulmonary arrest, or nonspecific symptoms. The possibility was shown that old age, ca rdiopulmonary a rrest, and nonspecific symptoms can be corrected by information from mapped health insurance DB and KUHDDS. With these results, we discussed some cause of incorrect recording practices. And we suggested simple but practical method to improve the correctness of death certificates; there is a possibility that comparing death certificates with KUHDDS before it is issued, where available, can improve the quality of death certificate.
Cause of Death* ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Death Certificates* ; Heart Arrest* ; Hospitals, General ; Insurance, Health ; Medical Records

The glucose uptake rate by Fasciola hepatica was a mean value of 9.62 +/- 0.54 micro-mole/hr/g, and total CO(2) production rate by the flukes averaged 24.28 +/- 4.26 micro-mole/hr/g wet wt. The relative specific activity of respiratory CO(2) showed a mean value of 79.89 +/- 1.78 per cent. The rate of CO(2) production derived from medium C(14)-glucose was a mean of 19.55 +/- 3.56 micro-mole/hr/g of we wt. Therefore, the average value of 32.72 +/- 4.8 percent of glucose utilized by the flukes from the medium C(14)-glucose was oxidized to respiratory CO(2). The tissue concentration of glycogen in F. hepatica was a mean of 38.36 +/- 2.91 mg/g or 3.84 +/- 0.29 %/g of wet wt, and the turnover rate of glycogen pool was a mean of 1.6+/-0.22 %/hr or 0.65 +/- 0.13 mg/hr/g. The average value of 37.26 +/- 3.86 per cent of glucose utilized by the fluke from the medium C(4)-glucose was incorporated to the glycogen. These data account for that approximately 70 per cent of the utilized glucose by the flukes participated in furnishing the oxidation into respiratory CO(2) and the synthetic process into glycogen.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda-Fasciola hepatica ; glucose ; biochemistry ; autoradiograhy ; glycogen ; CO(2)

No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Animals ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Mice*

This study was performed to investigate the factors concerning the structures of diseases in Korea. The data were collected from the 11 tertiary referral hospitals and the number of investigated patients were 242.038 and the diagnoses were based on 21 chapters of Korean Standard Classification of Diseases(KCD-3). The results were as fellows: 1. The number of investigated patients were 242,038 Among them male(51.1%) was a little more than female 48.9%). In age distribution, the group of 45-64 was the highest(25.5%) and 30-49year age group was 20.9%. under l4year age group was 20.3%. and above 65years age group was the lowest( 15.3%). 2. In single diagnosis group division by 21 chapters of KCD-3. diseases of the respiratory system were the highest(11.3%) , injury. poisoning and the next were certain other consequences of external causes( l0.39% ) and neoplasms(10.0%) . The low est were diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism(0.7%). in single diagnosis group, sex, age. season, region and operation and procedures were statistically significant in the x2-test analysis. 3. In multiple diagnoses group. neoplasms were the highest (17.0%). and the next were pregnancy, chirdbirth and the puerperium(l0.6%) and the diseases of the circulatory systems(9.2%). The lowest was diseases of the blood and blood forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism(0.6%). In multiple diagnoses group, sex. ace. season, region and operation and procedures were statistically significant iii the x2-test analysis.
Age Distribution ; Classification ; Dataset* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Poisoning ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory System ; Seasons ; Tertiary Care Centers

Food irradiation has been steadily increased in many countries concomitantly with increasing international trades. Harmful contaminants naturally occurred from foods which contain high levels of unsaturated fatty acids that are easily oxidized can affect the human anti-oxidation system through the generation of free radicals. Moreover, previous studies proved that gamma-irradiation may cause production of free radicals in food. We investigated the effect of gamma-irradiated soybeans in relation to oxidative stress in mice. Oxidative index of mice was evaluated by TBARS, DNA fragmentation in various organs such as blood lymphocytes, liver and kidney. Forty male ICR mice were equally divided into 4 groups and fed control diet or gamma-irradiated diet containing 50% soybeans (5, 10, and 20 kGy, respectively )for 8 weeks. Pero-xide values of the irradiated diets were higher than that of the non-irradiated one and increased according to the storage period. There was no significant difference in weight gain as well as in TBARS value in plasma and kidney of all groups. Liver TBARS value of the group fed with irradiated diet at 20 kGy increased significantly compared with the control group (p <0.05 ). DNA oxidative damage as measured by alkaline comet assay showed that % tail DNA in the blood lymphocytes of 5 kGy and 10 kGy groups increased significantly over the control group (p <0.05 ). Also, tail moments of 5 kGy and 10 kGy groups were higher than that of the control group. Ultrastructural examination shows myeline figures and swollen mitochondria in parietal and intestinal epithelial cells of the group fed with irradiated diet. Therefore, considering unsaturated fatty acid content, consumption of soybeans gamma-irradiated with over 20 kGy or repe-atedly may decrease the body's antioxidant mechanism.
Animals ; Comet Assay ; Diet* ; DNA ; DNA Damage ; DNA Fragmentation ; Epithelial Cells ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Food Irradiation ; Free Radicals ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mitochondria ; Myelin Sheath ; Oxidative Stress* ; Plasma ; Rabeprazole ; Soybeans* ; Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ; Weight Gain