Available conventional pathologic diagnostic tools for lung cancer include sputum cytology, lung biopsy using bronchoscopy, and washing and brushing cytology. In addition, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is now available and has become popular. In this study, an attempt was made to compare the relative sensitivity between conventional cytopathologic methods and FNA cytology, to study the clinical characteristics of lung cancer in which the diagnosis was established by FNA cytology, and to study the cellular findings and diagnostic criteria of lung cencers. Cases included in this study were selected from 105 patients who had been diagnosed an lung cancer at Yonsei University Medical Center during the 5-year period from January 1984 to December 1988. These 105 cases were reviewed with respect to medical records and pathologic slides and then the following conclusions were made. The mean age of cases was 58.5 years, and the sex ratio of males to females was 3.5:1. Tumors were mostly solitary in number and were mainly located at the periphery of the lung. The sensitivity of FNA cytology, sputum, and bronchial washing was as follows: FNA cytology was 0.93, sputum, 0.2, and bronchial washing, 0.14. The coincidence rate of cytopathologic diagnosis with histologic diagnosis was as follows: epidermoid carcinoma was 92%, adenocarcinoma 83%, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma 66%, and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma 100%. The false negativity of FNA cytology was 7%, which was mainly due to material insufficiency. For the differential diagnosis of histologic type, some brief criteria could be summarized. Differential diagnostic points of each histologic type were as follows: epidermoid carcinoma showed a large cellular group with keratinized cytoplasms and hyperchromatic and pyknotic nuclei, adenocarcinoma showed a glandular or ball-like arrangement by monotonous round cells, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma was mainly composed of irregular large cells and showed emperipolesis, and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma showed an Indian file appearance with molding by small, round hyperchromatic cells. In conclusion, FNA cytology is a more efficient, definite, and sensitive method for diagnosing lung cancer than other cytopathologic studies, so that careful selection of patients and experienced technique will improve the diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology in diagnosing lung cancer.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Lung Neoplasms

Available conventional pathologic diagnostic tools for lung cancer include sputum cytology, lung biopsy using bronchoscopy, and washing and brushing cytology. In addition, fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology is now available and has become popular. In this study, an attempt was made to compare the relative sensitivity between conventional cytopathologic methods and FNA cytology, to study the clinical characteristics of lung cancer in which the diagnosis was established by FNA cytology, and to study the cellular findings and diagnostic criteria of lung cencers. Cases included in this study were selected from 105 patients who had been diagnosed an lung cancer at Yonsei University Medical Center during the 5-year period from January 1984 to December 1988. These 105 cases were reviewed with respect to medical records and pathologic slides and then the following conclusions were made. The mean age of cases was 58.5 years, and the sex ratio of males to females was 3.5:1. Tumors were mostly solitary in number and were mainly located at the periphery of the lung. The sensitivity of FNA cytology, sputum, and bronchial washing was as follows: FNA cytology was 0.93, sputum, 0.2, and bronchial washing, 0.14. The coincidence rate of cytopathologic diagnosis with histologic diagnosis was as follows: epidermoid carcinoma was 92%, adenocarcinoma 83%, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma 66%, and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma 100%. The false negativity of FNA cytology was 7%, which was mainly due to material insufficiency. For the differential diagnosis of histologic type, some brief criteria could be summarized. Differential diagnostic points of each histologic type were as follows: epidermoid carcinoma showed a large cellular group with keratinized cytoplasms and hyperchromatic and pyknotic nuclei, adenocarcinoma showed a glandular or ball-like arrangement by monotonous round cells, undifferentiated large cell carcinoma was mainly composed of irregular large cells and showed emperipolesis, and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma showed an Indian file appearance with molding by small, round hyperchromatic cells. In conclusion, FNA cytology is a more efficient, definite, and sensitive method for diagnosing lung cancer than other cytopathologic studies, so that careful selection of patients and experienced technique will improve the diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology in diagnosing lung cancer.
Female ; Male ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Adenocarcinoma ; Biopsy ; Lung Neoplasms

Recently, there were many cases which was associated with bone defect in the limb and skin defect. We had performed vascularized osteocutaneous fibular transfer with microsurgical technique and experienced early bone union and simutsneous external wound healing. So we, authers, reviewed 12 cases of vascularized osteocutaneous fibular transfer which were performed to the extensive bone defect of the tibia and associated soft tissue injury. And the following remarkable results were obtained. 1. With the uncontrolled bone infection, the vascularized osteocutaneous fibular transfer was able to be performed and there was no non-union. 2. During the follow up period, the grafted fibula had been hypertrophied. 3. In the cases which the fibula were grafted to the defect after the segmental and partial excision of the tibia, in general, the partial weight bearing was able to be started from 3 months to 5 months after the operation, In the cases with segmental and complete excision of the tibia, the partial weight bearing was able to be started from 5 months to 7 month after the operation. 4. In adult, free fibula can be obtained and grafted as 20cm as long and the fibula was a good donor for extensive long bone defect as a compact bone; the skin flap with fibula can be obtained and grafted as 17 × 9cm as large in our experience. 5. In the vascularized osteocutaneous fibula transfer, the skin flap could be confirmed wheather the vascular anastomosis is patent or not as a monitor.
Adult ; Clinical Study ; Extremities ; Fibula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Microsurgery ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Tibia ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing ; Wound Healing

Congenital hypoprothrombinemia is a rare congenital coagulation defect. The clinical signs are manifestation of generalized tendency such as; mucosal bleeding, hypermenorrhea and post tooth extraction hemorrage. It is associated with prolongation of PT and PTT with normal thrombin time and decreased serum prothrombin level. A case with congenital hypoprothrombinemia was experienced by the authors. A 36 days old male baby was admitted with palor skin and vomiting started one day before admission. Right side brain parenchymal hemorrhage and left shift of lateral ventricle were on brain CT scan. Prologation of prothrombin time and partial prothrombin time with decreased serum prothrombin level were resulted. Serum factor I, V, VII, VIII, IX and X were within normal level. We report a case congenital hypoprothrombinemia with a brief review of relaed literatures.
Brain ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypoprothrombinemias* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Male ; Menorrhagia ; Prothrombin ; Prothrombin Time ; Skin ; Thrombin Time ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tooth Extraction ; Vomiting

Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare disease in the category of designated as verrucous carcinoma characterized by its invasive downward penetration of underlying tissues in the perineum and perianal regions. Viruses, unclean sanitation and cytotoxic immune reaction have been proposed as the etiology of the tumor. However, among all the causes, recent studies have emphasized on the associaton of the tumor and human papilloma virus (HPV). Expecially, HPV also has been discovered in several cutaneous and anogenital lesions of solid organ transplant recipients. We herein report a case of Buschke-Lowenstein tumor in a renal transplant recipient with HPV 6 and 16 coinfection proved by HPV genotyping of DNA extracted from the biopsy specimen of the tumor.
Biopsy ; Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor* ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; Coinfection ; DNA ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; Humans ; Papilloma ; Perineum ; Rare Diseases ; Sanitation ; Transplantation* ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Nephrotic Syndrome* ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets* ; T-Lymphocytes*

The prognosis of malignant ovarian tumor is poorer than that of borderline malignant ovarian tumor, Therefore an accurate diagnosis and estimation of the biologic behavior of the tumor are necessary for proper management of the patient. The histologic investigation of the tumor may provide information on the estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells, but it may be a questionable method because of the subjective determination of tumor grade. Quantification of proliferative activity of tumor cells may play a role as an objective method to provide an estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells. An evaluation of histologic findings was done on 84 cases of ovarian mucinous and serous tumors that were surgically resected and diagnosed during the period from January 1981 through July 1992. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCN A) labelling index estimated from the immunohistochemical stain for PCN A and the Sphase fraction and porliferative index obtained from flow cytometric DN A analysis were assessed each other with histologic findings. The results are as follows: The presence of aneuploidy in malignant tumors was statistically significant as compared with benign tumors. The borderline malignant tumors showed no significant difference between the number of diploidy and aneuploidy. The PCNA labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index tended to increase as the histologic grade of tumors went up. They were higher in malignant tumors than in others. The PCN A labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index were higher in tumors with aneuploidy than in those with diploidy. In contrast to borderline malignant tumors, the PCNA labelling index in malignant tumors revealed a significant relation with the mitotic index. The S-phase fraction and proliferative index showed, in malignant tumors, a close correlation with the architectural grade and nucleolar grade, but not in borderline malignant tumors. Considering these results, the presence of aneuploidy, PCNA label.

Strongyloides stercoralis is a nematodes and is prevalent in the tropical regions. In Korea, 6 cases have been reported in which the parasites were identified in feces. We report a case of hyperinfection syndrome with Strongyloides stercoralis confirmed in the tissue sections. A 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of generalized edema and weakness. She received steroid therapy for 30 years because of rheumatoid arthritis. One year ago, generalized edema and dyspnea were developed and she was diagnosed as minimal change nephrotic syndrome for which she received cyclosporin. On admission, she complained of generalized weakness and edema, multiple arthralgia and abdominal discomfort with nausea. The white-cell count was 14,600 without eosinophilia. A stool specimen was negative for occult blood, ova or parasites. Right lower quadrant abdominal pain and tenderness were developed, and the exploratory laparotomy was done under the impression of the acute appendicitis. An appendectomy with a biopsy of mesenteric lymph nodes was performed. From the 5th day after operation, the patient began to complain of the abdominal pain and constipation. Under the impression of adhesion bad formation, the laparotomy was done and disclosed that the proximal ileum was markedly dilated. On jejunotomy, a great amount of formed stool and barium was noticed in the proximal portion of small bowel. The jejunal tissue was biopsied. Grossly, the appendix was unremarkable. Microscopically, the inflammatory reaction was nearly absent, but in serosa, minute granulomas were found which contain a part of the parasite. Same feature was noted in the mesenteric lymph node. The biopsied jejunum contains numerous adult female, filariform and rhabdidiform larvae and eggs in the mucosa, submucosa and muscle wall. Their morphology was compatible with Strongyloides stercoralis. The patient died 5 days later in the state of multiple organ failure.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

For the establishment of the basis of treatment and study in the patients of facial bone fracture, we performed a clinico-statistical study about 28 papers and 9564 cases reported as facial bone fractures in the journal of Korean association of oral and maxillofacial surgeons, the journal of the Korean academy of maxillofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery, and related journals. The results were as follows: 1. The ratio of men to women was 4.50:1. 2. The age frequency was highest in the third decade(37.6%), and fourth(21.5%), second(15.5%), fifth(10.3%) decade in orders. 3. The most common location of facial bone fractures was the mandible(62.7%), and zygoma complex (22.6%), nasal bone(15.0%), and maxilla(13.0%) were next in order of frequency. 4. The major etiologic factors were traffic accident(37.9% ), fisticuffs(26.4%), and falldown and slip down(23.4%). 5. The frequent fracture site of mandible is symphysis(39.3%), angle(24,4% ), and condyle(22.5%). The ratio of left to right was 1.31:1. Open reduction(69.1%) was the more frequently using method of treatment in mandibular fracture than colsed reduction (28.6%). 6. The sites of zygoinatic fractures were zygoma complex(48.0%), zygornatic arch(35.7%), and combined(16.3%). The left to right ratio was 1.37:1. 7. The most frequent maxillary fracture was Le Fort I (31.4% ), and Le Fort II (27.1%), unilateral(14.3%), Le Fort III (7.6%) were next in order of frequency.
Facial Bones* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures ; Maxillary Fractures ; Plastics ; Statistics as Topic* ; Zygoma

No abstract available.