The purpose of this study was to evaluate the amount and interrelationship of the soft and hard tissue change after mandibular setback surgery in skeletal Class III malocclusion. The sample consisted of 25 adult patient (12 male and 13 female) who had severe anteropostrior skeletal discepancy. These patient had received presurgical orthodontic treatment and surgical treatment which is bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy. The presurgical and postsurgical lateral cephalograms were evaluated. The computerized statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS/PC program. The result were as follows: 1. After mandibular bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, lower facial soft tissue horizontal posterior changes were high significance value. but vertical soft tissue changes were low significance value. 2. After mandibular bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, relative upper lip protrusion increased(p<0.01) and relative lower lip protrusion decreased(p<0.01) and lower facial soft tissue thickness increased(p<0.01).
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans

Hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare embryonic malignant tumor of the liver. Most morphological studies on HB have limited to the histological characteristics and only 3 cases of HB have been described in the cytology literature. We present 2 cases of HB occurring in children aged 1 year and 3 years, respectively. The distinctive cytologic features of fine needle aspiration of HB were clusters of tumor cells showing acinar and trabecular pattern, smaller tumor cells with a high nuclear-cytopalsmic ratio and hyperchromatic nuclei having prominent nucleoli, and the presence of extramedullary hematopoiesis and osteoid material. These features were also found in the cell block and the biopsy specimen, and appeared very useful in the differentiation of HB from hepatocellular carcinoma.
Acute Kidney Injury* ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Child* ; Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Liver ; Nephrosis, Lipoid*

From June 1989 to October 1991. 52 patients with renal staghorn calculi (34 with incomplete staghorn renal calculi and I8 with complete staghorn calculi) underwent extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. monotherapy by Northgate SD-3 Iithotriptor. Of 52 patients, 27 were treated without preoperative double-J stenting. while 25 underwent double-J stenting before extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The mean shock waves per patients were gradually increased in proportion to stone burdens rather than the insertion of double-J stent. The average duration of hospitalization was shorter for The group who received prophylactic double-J stenting. The incidence of postoperative complications such as ureteral obstruction, colic, fever decreased in double-J stenting group, but was not statistically significant (p>0.05). 62% (32 cases) of the patients were free of stones after 6 months but double-J stenting did not influence the rate free of stones.
Calculi* ; Colic ; Fever ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Calculi ; Lithotripsy* ; Postoperative Complications ; Shock* ; Stents* ; Ureteral Obstruction

BACKGROUND: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB) in patients is mainly caused by acquired drug resistance, However, a small proportion of MDR-TB is caused by initial drug resistance(IDR), which may be somewhat different from acquired drug resistance. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics of IDR in MDR-TB patients to use the results as basic data in managing the disease. METHODS: A retrospective study of 30 IDR cases in MDR-TB patients from Jan. 1995 to Dec. 1998 was perormed. In order to analyzed the clinical charcteristics, the age, sex, family history, duration of negative conversion, number of resistant drugs, treatment regimens, duration of treatment, extent of disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray was examined. In order too analyzed the level of improvement, the extent of the disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray, tested by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test, and the disease free interval rate of 1-year and 4-year was examined using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 46.6 years and the sex ratio 1:1. Six(20%) patients had a family history. The mean negative conversin of the sputum AFB stain was 2.6 months. The number of resistant drugs was 7.6 and the number of used drugs 3.6. Twenty-three(67%) patients were treated for less than 12months and 28(93%) patients were treated with first-line drugs. The extent of the disease and the cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray improved after treatment(p<0.05). Among 13 patients who were followed up for 22.6 months, 2(15%) patients relapsed and the disease free interval rate of 1-year and 4-year was 85%. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that the duration of treatment of IDR in MDR-TB with first-line drugs be 9-12 months even if the extent of disease and cavitary lesion on the chest X-ray improves.
Drug Resistance* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

No abstract available.
Atrophy* ; Brain*

Giant cell tumor of the spine is a rare and potentially malignant condition which presents rather difficult clinical problems in treatment because of their localization and unpredictable clinical course. Authors experienced a case of giant cell tumor involving third lumbar vertebra which was successfully treated by ea bloc resection and anterior interbody fusion of the adjoining vertebrae with iliac bone graft. At eighteen months follow up, there is no evidence of recurrence and solid union of the bone graft was noted.
Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumors ; Giant Cells ; Recurrence ; Spine ; Transplants

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was performed in 122 patients with upper ureteral calculi managed by 3 different techniques ; ESWL in situ. after push back and after placement of push back ureteral catheter below the stone in patients of failure to push back. To investigate the push back effect for upper ureteral stone, we reviewed 3 different treatment modalities. Of 122 patients push back was performed in 54 patients, which was successful in 27 patients (50%). The success rate of ESWL and the number of total average shock waves were 100%, 1667 waves in successful push back patients. 98.5%. 3007 waves in situ treatment and 88.9%, 4133 waves in patients of failure to push back. Complications of push back were infrequent, with the most common being ureteral perforation in 2 patients. all of which were managed conservatively. Push back of upper ureteral calculi improved success rate of ESWL and reduced significantly the number of average shock Waves.
Humans ; Lithotripsy ; Shock ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Calculi ; Urinary Catheters

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly. We experienced a case of retrocaval ureter with double inferior vena cava and with intermittent right flank pain in 54 years old female. We performed IVU, RGP, Venacavogram, MRI, and diuretic DTPA renal scan. MRI is the best single study to delineate the anatomy clearly and noninvasively. She was treated with conservative treatment.
Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Pentetic Acid ; Retrocaval Ureter* ; Vena Cava, Inferior*

Tuberculosis of the breast is a rare disease. Its diagnosis is difficult because clinical and radiological appearances are not specific and because isolation of the tubercle bacillus from the lesion is seldom possible. This disease is more common in women between 20 to 40 years of age, but is rare in male, elderly patients and prepubertal women. Difinite diagnosis rests on bacterilogical proof and histopathological findings -formation of a granuloma and usually caseous necrosis with or without demonstrable acid-fast bacilli. Treatment of the disease requires a combination of surgery and antitubercular drugs. We experienced 10 cases of tuberculosis of the breast and report with on them along a literature review.
Aged ; Antitubercular Agents ; Bacillus ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Rare Diseases ; Tuberculosis*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of study was to report the current role of transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) in Korea. METHODS: One hundred thirty-seven patients who underwent TNE at Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital (n=69) and Korea University Anam Hospital (n=68) from July 2007 to February 2009 were prospectively analyzed. Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) patients without any response to proton-pump inhibitor (n=102), and patients with complaints that require esophagoscopy as part of their evaluation (n=35) were included in this study; investigation of metachronous lesions or routine follow-up screening of head and neck cancer patients, n=17; dysphagia, n=9; blood tinged saliva, n=4; to determine the cause of vocal fold paralysis as screening tool, n=4; suspicious esophageal foreign body, n=1. RESULTS: Fifty-three patients (38.7%) had positive findings on TNE. Positive finding ratio was highest in group of dysphagia (7 among 9 patients, 78%). Forty-two patients (41.1%) were found to have pathology (esophagitis, n=41; esophageal diverticulum, n=1) during the screening examination for LPRD. There were no significant complications in any of the patients. CONCLUSION: TNE is a high-yield diagnostic and therapeutic modality available to otolaryngologists for use on awake patients in the office setting.
Deglutition Disorders ; Diverticulum, Esophageal ; Esophagoscopy* ; Esophagus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreign Bodies ; Gyeonggi-do ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Korea ; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ; Mass Screening ; Paralysis ; Pathology ; Prospective Studies* ; Saliva ; Tolnaftate ; Vocal Cords