No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Leishmania donovani* ; Leishmania*

No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Leishmania donovani* ; Leishmania*

In the present study we conducted a regression analysis of age at menarche against Maximum Peak Velocity (MPV) of height in non-athlete Korean girls which was derived with the wavelet interpolation method, and composed linear to quartic regression polynomials to obtain the best regression polynomial. We then applied the age at menarche and age at MPV of height of athletes to the best polynomial regression evaluation, and investigated the validity of a delayed menarche evaluation that we constructed. Moreover, the relation between delayed menarche and menstrual status was examined by investigating delayed menarche and menstrual pain in individuals for the first time. The subjects were 124 second year female students at a physical education high school in the suburbs of Pusan, South Korea. A questionnaire survey of these girls was conducted, from which their date of birth, age at menarche, and athletic activities in elementary, junior high, and high school were obtained. In addition, health check records were examined retrospectively, and longitudinal growth data for height were obtained from the 1st year of elementary school (7 years old) until the second year of high school (17 years old). Next, the same survey as above was also done for second year students at a general high school in the same area, as a control group. Three hundred forty-five non-athletes for whom all data were available were selected. As the results, the third order polynomial was found to be most suitable for the regression polynomial. When it was applied to individual female Korean athletes with respect to the regression evaluation, positive scores were obtained for many athletes and an overall delay in menarche was seen. Delayed menarche was not seen, however, in archery athletes. A strong delay in menarche was thus found in Korean athletes. And it was shown that 80% had moderate or greater menstrual pain and a close relation with menstrual abnormalities, the effectiveness of the delayed menarche evaluation was further validated.

No abstract available.
Testis*

PURPOSE: We report a case of chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) involving the retina and optic nerve, in which visual acuity had been improved after radiation therapy combined with steroid pulse therapy. METHODS: In a 44-year-old CML patient with central nervous system involvement who presented with retinal infiltration, initial uncorrected visual acuity was 1.0 in the right eye, 0.9 in the left eye. The patient was given 1% prednisolone acetate eye drops 4 times a day and 40mg of oral prednisolone a day. One month later, papilledema and exudative retinal detachment was developed in the left eye and we raised oral prednisolone dosage to 90mg a day. In spite of those kinds of treatment, papilledema in left eye and retinal infiltration in both eyes were much more aggravated at two months. So we used high-dose steroid(solumedrol 125mg qid) parenterally for initial 3 days followed by tapered oral dosage(prednisolone 60mg/day for 11 days, tapered with 10mg/day and maintain with 10mg/day) and performed simultaneously radiation therapy (total 2340 rads, 13 times) on both eyes through 2 weeks. RESULTS: Uncorrected visual acuity was decreased to 0.3 in the left eye at one month and to 0.6 in the right eye and 0.08 in the left eye at two months, and improved to 1.0 in the right eye and 0.5 in the left eye. Gradual resolution was noted in retinal and optic disc abnormalities at one month after high-dose steroid therapy combined with radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This case suggests that visual acuity in CML patient with the retinal and optic nerve involvement can be improved by using radiation therapy combined with steroid pulse therapy.
Adult ; Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Optic Nerve* ; Papilledema ; Prednisolone ; Retina* ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in response to high glucose concentration in human retinal pigement epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS: After confluent adult human RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured in RPMI 1640 media containing three different concentration of glucose (5.5, 11 and 22 mmol/L) for 3, 7 and 14 days, Western blot analysis was performed. Cell pellets were lysed in lysis buffer and cell lysates were centrifused to collect supernatant fractions for quantifying protein concentration. The proteins were subjected to electrophoresis and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes. After the blots were incubated with primary and secondary antibody to VEGF or HGF consecutively, enhanced chemiluminescence and autoradiography were performed. To evaluate the relationship between protein and mRNA expression, RNA from glucose-treated RPE cells was obtained by using RNAzolB. After cDNA was obtained through reverse transcription of RNA, PCR of cDNA was performed by using primers. RESULTS: We found that incubation with different concentrations of glucose increased the protein expression of VEGF and HGF in concentration-dependent manner in RPE. At 14 days, level of VEGF protein expression was higher in 22 mmol/L glucose group than in other two groups (5.5 mmol/L or 11 mmol/L), but no differences of mRNA expression of VEGF were observed in each group. At 3 days, level of HGF protein expression was higher in 22 mmol/L glucose group than in other groups, but mRNA expression of HGF was not detected in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that RPE cells may participate in angiogenesis in progression of diabetic retinopathy through production of VEGF and HGF.
Adult ; Autoradiography ; Blotting, Western ; Collodion ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; DNA, Complementary ; Electrophoresis ; Glucose* ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; Humans* ; Luminescence ; Membranes ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retinaldehyde ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

No abstract available.
Burns* ; Humans ; Interleukin-2*

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the relationship between the implementation of pit and fissure sealant in children, and the prevention level of teeth based on household income by a cross-sectional study. METHODS: The study population consisted of a representative community sample of 1,701 subjects, ranging from 6-18 years in children and over 27 years in mothers, from the 4th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys in 2009. Mother's indicators included age, occupation, education, household income, smoking, brushing frequency, oral health screening, self-related oral health, and mother's concern. We used a multiple logistic regression to identify and quantify the risk factors for the pit and fissure sealant. RESULTS: In multiple analyses, age of children, household income level, and oral health screening were significant factors for the implementation of pit and fissure sealant for the children. The multiple-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the implementation of pit and fissure sealant, comparing the lowest to 101-200, 201-300, 301-400, 401-500 and 501 ten thousand Korean Won or more were 2.2 (1.15-4.10), 2.5 (1.38-4.61), 2.0 (1.04-3.90), 2.8 (1.46-5.53), and 3.6 (1.82-6.94), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the implementations of the pit and fissure sealant were positively related with the household income level and mother's oral health screening.
Child ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Occupations ; Odds Ratio ; Oral Health ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Tooth

Anterior set back segmental surgery has been used for shortening the period of orthodontic treatment in case of bimaxillary or maxil-lary protrusion. In most cases, it requires pre-operative orthodontic treatment. Through properly performed leveling and tooth aligning, the operative porcedure can be easier and post-operative occlusal stability can be increased. But it takes time for orthodontic treatment. Recently, we have been using anterior segmental surgery before orthodontic treatment and have reliable results from that. Therefore, we have to consider arch shape, curve of Spee, tooth selection to be extracted for obtaining of post-operative occlusal stability without preoperative orthodontic treatment.
Tooth

Neuroendocrine neoplasm of the larynx is a morphologically heterogeneous group of tumors. This unusual neoplasm includes the four different type of tumors. Paraganglioma is the best-known neural origin tumor. The epithelial origin tumor is further divided based on the degree of differentiation into well, moderately, and poorly differentiated carcinoma. The diverse biological behavior of neuroendocrine neoplasm of larynx makes an accurate diagnosis of paramount importance, since treatment depends on diagnostic accuracy. The diagnosis is based primarily on light microscopy, and immunohistochemical and/or ultrastructural investigations are needed to diagnose correctly. The mainstay of treatment of moderately differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx is surgery. Elective neck treatment should be performed considering the high likelihood of cervical lymph node metastases. The 5-yr survival rate approximates 50%, and 10-yr survival rate is only 30%.
Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Larynx ; Light ; Lymph Nodes ; Microscopy ; Neck ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraganglioma ; Survival Rate