In 1,146 term neonates without perinatal problems who were born in Kwangju Christian Hospital, blood TSH levels were measured by immunoradiometric assay. In 397 term neonates among them, blood T4 levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in same specimens. 1) In normal neonates aged 3~5 days, 6~10 days, 11~20 days and 21~28 days, the TSH levels were 8.88+/-5.21(mean+/-SD), 9.44+/-5.16, 9.69+/-4.98, 11.96+/-3.75 IU/ml and the T4 levels were 11.41+/-2.79, 11.37+/-2.82, 11.19+/-2.63, 10.51+/-2.99 g/dl respectively. 2) No significant sex difference in TSH level was found in each age group, and TSH level did not correlate with birth weight. In neonates delivered by Cesarean section, TSH levels were lower than those of the normally delivered. 3) T4 levels did not differ between both sexes, and between types of delivery in each age group, and nor did it correlate with birth wweight 4) If the recall rate should be set at 0.2% of the total, TSH levels above 26.9 IU/ml would be required to recall for serum sampling. TSH level above 2 SD was 19.7 IU/ml. Cutoff points of T4 levels at 1.5 SD and 2 SD were 5.8 and 7.2 g/dl respetively, and the lowest 10th percentile was 7.4 g/dl.
Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Immunoradiometric Assay ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mass Screening* ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sex Characteristics

An objective evaluation of the degree of respiratory impairment in children depends on the establishment of standards of normal function. In addition to sex and growth, various factors such as race and geography have been shown to be important determinants of lung function. The purposes of this paper are to report the result of lung function tests performed on a group of healthy children, to define the range of normal values, to provide a prediction formula of each parameter, and to compare the data with those of other investigators. Pulmonary function tests were performed on 198 healthy normal children in Kwangju between the ages of 5 and 15 years. The following variables were measured: vital capacity, forced vital capacity, one-second forced expiratory volume, peak expiratory flow, and maximal expiratory flow at 25%, 50% of expiratory vital capacity. Simple and complex prediction formulas for variables of PFT are presented according to sex, age, height, weight, and body surface area. 1) With increasing age, height and weight development increased in both sexes and their mean values in each age groups were more higer than those of Korean standard for children. 2) The correlation coefficients were 0.8 or more more in VC, FVC, FEV1 & more higher than that of PEFR, V25, V50. 3) Of the parameters examined, height had the heighest correlation coefficient in all pulmonary function test items. 4) The correlation coefficients by age, weight, body surface area were similar, but according to sex each parameters of PFT varied slightly. 5) Among complex prediction formulas, the correlation coefficients by 3 variables (age, height, and weight) and 2 variables (height and weight) were more higher than others. But disregarding age and weight, the correlation coefficients of height resembled that of simple regression equation. 6) Predicted values of pulmonary function test and correlation coefficients to the parameters were generally higher in boys than those of girls.
Body Surface Area ; Body Weight ; Child* ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Geography ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Lung ; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate ; Reference Values ; Research Personnel ; Respiratory Function Tests* ; Vital Capacity

We observed 233 twins and 2 triplets cases among 16,774 newborns delivered at Kwangju Christian Hospital during 5 years from Jan, 1986 to Dec. 1990. The results obtained are as follows: 1) The overall incidence of win pregnancy was 1:72(1.4%)and that of triplets 1:z8387(0.01%). 2) The average male-female sex ratio of twins was 1.06:1 with male predominating and 86% were same sex pairs(male-male 43.8%, female-female 41.3%), only 14.0% being different. 3) The incidence of twin delivery tended to be more prevalent in primigravidas. 4) More than half of all cases(248/466)had birth weight less than 2,500 g, with 33% falling into the range of 2,001~2,500 g. No statistically significant differences of birth weight were noted between both sexes or among birth sequences. 5) At 5 minute after birth, Apgar score below 7 were found in 9.5% of the firtst born and in 11.6% of second born twins, with no significant difference noted. 6) The perinatal mortality rate of twins were 94.4/1,000 and the perinatal mortality rates of first and second twins were 77.2 and 111.6, resp., but not significantly different. The larger the difference of birth weight between co-twins, the shorter thee gestational age and the less the birth weight between co-twins, the shorter the gestation age and the less the birth weight of twins, the larger became the perinatal mortality. But, it was not related to the parities or maternal ages. 7) The overall principal causes of perinatal death were still birth (45.5%), respiratory distress syndrome(36.4%) and immaturity(11.4%) in descending order.
Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Gestational Age ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Sex Ratio ; Triplets ; Twins*

Ultrasonic evaluation of the pylorus was performed in a group of 22 infants clinically suspected of having Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (CHPS), from march 1990 to July 1991. In every case the diagnosis of CHPS was confirmed by surgery. Ten normal babies served as the control group. 1) In CHPS group, the mean age on admission was 36.7 +/- 16.4 days, and male to female ratio was 19.3. In control group, the mean age was 33.7 +/- 18.7 days, with the sex ratio of 8 : 2, male predominating. 2) In CHPS group, the mean age of symptom onset was 18.6 +/- 12.7 days, the majority occurring between 2 to 3 weeks (13 cases : 59%). 3) The ultrasonographic measurements showed that the pyloric muscle thickness of CHPS group was 4.94 +/- 1.35 mm (mean+/-S.D), nearly four times greater than that of the control group with 1.30 +/- 0.17mm, whereas the pyloric canal length of CHPS group (18.03 +/- 1.84mm) was increased significantly, but only by 50%, compared with the control group (11.54 +/- 1.70). 4) In CHPS group, operative measurements of pyloric muscle thickness was 5.20+/-1.23mm, not significantly differing from the sonographic measurement, while pyloric canal length measured 22.13 +/- 3.45mm, significantly larger than ultrasonographic measurement. This indicates that the pyloric muscle thickness measured on preoperative ultrasonogram may provide more significant diagnostic value than the pyloric canal length. 5) If the diagnostic criteria for CHPS were taken as pyloric muscle thickness above 4mm and pyloric canal length above 16mm, 21 out of 22 cases (99.4%) were diagnosed correctly.
Diagnosis* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Pylorus ; Sex Ratio ; Ultrasonics ; Ultrasonography

Primary malignant lymphoma of the appendix is an unconnnon neoplasm although the gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site of malignant lymphoma. We report a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the appendix in a 54-year-old male, who presented with pain in the right lower abdomen. An appendectomy was performed. The appendix measured 9.5 cm in length and 5.5 cm in diameter. Cut sections showed a solitary circumferential mass in the appendiceal lumen. Light microscopic features were compatible with malignant lymphoma of diffuse large cell type(Working Formulation) and the immunophenotype was B cell type.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing Symptoms of Stress among hospital staff nurses. METHOD: Data was collected by questionnaires from 249 hospital staff nurses in three General Hospital. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The score of the symptoms of stress showed a significantly positive correlation with the score of work stress(r=.22, p=.00). The symptoms of stress showed a significantly negative correlation with the score of social support(r=-.28, p=.00), self efficacy(r=-.31, p=.00), and hardiness(r=-.24, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of symptoms of stress was social support and the variance explained was 16%. A combination of social support, ways of coping, and work stress account for 32% of the variance in symptoms of stress among hospital staff nurses. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that social support, ways of coping, self efficacy, hardiness, and work stress are significantly influencing factors on symptoms of stress among hospital staff nurses.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Nursing Staff, Hospital/*psychology ; Self Efficacy ; Social Support ; Stress, Psychological/diagnosis/etiology/*psychology

Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.
Aged ; Arteries ; Cations ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Dyspnea ; Fistula ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Ventricles ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Veins

Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.
Aged ; Arteries ; Cations ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Vessels ; Dyspnea ; Fistula ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Ventricles ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Veins

No abstract available.
Abdominal Pain* ; Peptic Ulcer*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results and complications of antegrade intramedullary interlocking nailing in humerus shaft fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated the clinical outcomes, radiologic results and complications in 47 patients with humerus shaft fracture treated with antegrade intramedullary interlocking nailing, and followed up until bony union. Bony union was confirmed by serial plain radiographs and the clinical outcomes were assessed according to the ASES scoring system. RESULTS: Bony union was confirmed in 41 (87.2%) out of a total 47 patients, and the mean union period was 14.5 weeks. Major complications were as follows: 6 non-union, 3 delayed union, 2 intraoperative posterior cortex fracture in the distal humerus and 2 permanent shoulder pain, including 1 case of adhesive capsulitis. The clinical outcomes were as follows: 29 excellent, 11 good, 4 fair and 3 poor. Satisfactory outcomes were demonstrated in 40 patients (85.1%). CONCLUSION: Anterograde intramedullary interlocking nailing as treatment for humerus shaft fracture showed satisfactory bony union and clinical outcomes. It is considered an efficacious treatment, especially in patients with associated injury, such as multiple fractures and segmental fracture.
Bursitis ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Humerus ; Nails ; Shoulder Pain