No abstract available.
Cautery* ; Pneumothorax* ; Thoracoscopes*

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Joints* ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle*

No abstract available.
Frontal Sinus*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness of intreaepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (IE-PRK) for the treatment of myopic regression after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) METHODS: 38 eyes of 22 patients who had previous LASIK for myopia were selected and retreated with IE-PRK, in which a photoablation was performed directly in the epithelium without damage to Bowman's layer. All eyes were elapsed at least 6 months after the LASIK. Follow-up was up to 6 months and within +/-0.50 of emmetropia on 6 months after surgery was considered as a success. RESULTS: Before IE-PRK, the eyes regressed to a mean of .1.26+/-0.45 D spherical equivalent (SE). The mean SE at 1 week after IE-PRK was .0.44+/-0.88 D, 1 month was .0.59+/-0.45 D, 3 month was .0.63+/-0.41, 6 month was .0.62+/-0.43 (p<0.05). 23 of the 38 eyes (60.5%) had refraction within +/-0.50 and were considered as successfully treated. Preoperative mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.33+/-0.18 (Snellen equivalent) and final mean BCVA was 0.77+/-0.99 (p<0.01). There were no significant complications of corneal flap. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that intraepithelial photorefractive keratectomy appears to be a safe means for treating patients for regression after LASIK procedure. But success rate was not so good as the enhancement. Controlled studies with larger population will be necessary to evaluate the accuracy of the method more correctly.
Emmetropia ; Epithelium ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To compare results of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for the treatment of high myopia. METHODS: In this study, 129 patients with a manifest refraction over -6.00 diopters were assigned two groups for 144 eyes of 72 patient treated with LASIK and 114 eyes of 57 patients treated with LASEK. Uncorrected visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal haze and other complications were reviewed in LASIK- and LASEK-treated eyes at 6 months after the operation. RESULTS: At the 6-month follow-up, there were significant between-eye differences in uncorrected visual acuity and mean spherical equivalent. And LASEK-treated eyes had more corneal opacity and it makes decreased uncorrected visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS: Both laser refractive surgeries were safe and effective methods to treat eyes with high myopia. But LASIK procedure may prove superior to decrease corneal opacity and visual predictability.
Corneal Opacity ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratectomy, Subepithelial, Laser-Assisted ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ* ; Myopia* ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Subclavian Artery*

The extracorporeal respiratory support has (ECMO) or extracorporeal lung assist (ECLA). Jugulocarotid(JC) ECLA, which drains venous blood via the internal jugular vein and perfuses via the common carotid artery, is recognized as a therapeutic modality for acute respiratory failure of neonates. But recent follow-up studies report the possible neurologic complications after the ligation of the carotid artery. Femoro-femoral (FF) bypass is reported to be effective in cardiac support during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Surgical approach of FF bypass is easier because of the superficial location of great vessels. To evaluate the cardiorespiratory support of FF bypass, twelve mongrel dogs were divided into JC and FF groups(n6 in each group) and ventilated artificially at F1O2 of 0.3 and 0.15 in a dog. While ventilating the oxygenator with N2 gas, control hemodynamic and blood gas values were obtained at FO1O2 0.3 and at F1O2 0.15. The values during VA ECLA in both groups were measured while flushing O2 gas into the oxygenator. We compared bypass flows and oxygenation effects between two groups. l) The comparison between JC ECLA and FF ECLA in F1O2 0.3 Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) increased in both groups and mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) decreased in JC group. Bypass flow rates were 86+/-6ml/kg/min in JC group and 62+/-8 ml/kg/min in FF group. 2) The comparison between JC ECLA and FF ECLA in FO 0.15 MAP and CO increased in both groups and MPAP decreased in JC group. VA ECLA increased the arterial oxygen tension from 49+/-12 mmHg to 93+/-20 mmHg in JC group and from 54+/-14 mmHg to 77+/-12 mmHg in FF group. Bypass flow rates were 103+/-21 ml/kg/min in JC group and 67+/-12 ml/kg/min in FF group. The amount of changes of deltaPaO2(y) related to bypass ratio(x) was same between two groups The systemic oxygenation effect of FF ECLA in hypoxia was as efficient as that of JC ECLA. In conclusion, FF ECLA can be adopted for acute respiratory failure in which PaO2 is maintained about 50mmHg.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Arterial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Carotid Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Common ; Dogs* ; Flushing ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Jugular Veins ; Ligation ; Lung* ; Oxygen* ; Oxygenators ; Respiratory Insufficiency

Topographic electroencephalographic study(CME) is a newly developed method using a microcomputer system that displays the scalp topograph as the square roots of the average power spectra over each EEG frequency band on a color television screen. CME were applied to thirty patients, Fifteen patients out of them with focal neurologic deficit were analysed about CT scan and conventional EEG. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Comparing the results of CME and conventional EEG reading, CME revealed to be slightly more sensitive in detecting asymmetrical depression of background activity than the conventional reading of the EEG. 2) Topograph EEG study was more accurate than conventional EEG in lateralization of the lesion. 3) CME is very useful in topographic and objective diagnosis of functional lesion, although the source of the data is the same as that from the conventional EEG.
Depression ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Scalp ; Television ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) was produced in adult cats by injection of autologous blood(6ml) into prepontine cistern by tranclival approach and cisterna magna. The animals were sacrificed 1, 3, 5, 7 or 14 days later and basilar artery segments were prepared for electron microscopy. The following observations were made: 1) 1 to 7 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed round-shaped endothelial cells in tunica intima and disappearance of zonular occludens. Endothelial detachment from internal elastic membrane and intracytoplasmic vacuolation of endothelial cells as well as destruction of mitochondrial cirstae in tunica media. 2) 14 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed the normal findings in tunica intima and tunica media of the vessel walls. On the basis of the above findings, I found that the ultrastructural changes in the basilar arterial wall, which had presumably developed as a consequence of experimental SAH were reversible.
Adult ; Animals ; Basilar Artery* ; Cats ; Cisterna Magna ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Membranes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tunica Intima ; Tunica Media

Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) was produced in adult cats by injection of autologous blood(6ml) into prepontine cistern by tranclival approach and cisterna magna. The animals were sacrificed 1, 3, 5, 7 or 14 days later and basilar artery segments were prepared for electron microscopy. The following observations were made: 1) 1 to 7 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed round-shaped endothelial cells in tunica intima and disappearance of zonular occludens. Endothelial detachment from internal elastic membrane and intracytoplasmic vacuolation of endothelial cells as well as destruction of mitochondrial cirstae in tunica media. 2) 14 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed the normal findings in tunica intima and tunica media of the vessel walls. On the basis of the above findings, I found that the ultrastructural changes in the basilar arterial wall, which had presumably developed as a consequence of experimental SAH were reversible.
Adult ; Animals ; Basilar Artery* ; Cats ; Cisterna Magna ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Membranes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tunica Intima ; Tunica Media