To define the effectiveness of surgical management of the mallet finger deformity due to extensor tendon injury in children, we analyzed 9 patients who had operative treatment of mallet finger deformity in children from Jan. 1994 to Mar. 1997. The types of tendon injury in this series were as follows: 7 cases with tendon laceration, 1 case with crushing injury and 1 case with unknown injury The average period of follow up were ranged 2 years and 1 month. The clinical results were evaluated hy Kanies seale12) and Crawford scale5). An excellent result was obtained in 4 cases(44%), a good result in 5 cases(56%) according to Crawford scale and excellnt result in 9 cases(I00%) in Kanies scale, consecutively. Meticulous surgical repair of the lacerated tendon provided good result.
Child* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Fingers* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lacerations ; Tendon Injuries* ; Tendons*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of transurethral microwave thermotherapy(TUMT) for the treatment of urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) in the high-risk surgical patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From November, 1992 to March, 1997, a total of 26 patients with urinary retention due to BPH underwent TUMT with PRIMUS U+R because of poor physical and medical status at the department of urology, Red Cross hospital in Seoul. Mean patient age was 73years(range 58 to 97years), mean prostatic weight was 35gm(range 14gm to 68gm) and mean duration of retention was 1.7 months(range 1 day to 36months). The once or twice 1-hour TUMT session was well tolerated and without significant adverse effect. Patients were divided into responder and non-responder. In responder group who were catheter free after TUMT, peak flow rate and post-void residual urine(PVR) were assessed at 3, or 6, or 12months of follow-up. RESULTS: Of 26 patients, 16 patients were responders(61.5%) after TUMT for the duration of follow-up. The mean peak flow rate and post-voiding residual urine during 12months of follow-up period were 10.4m1/sec(range 3 to 22m1/sec) and 62.8ml(range 0 to 269m1), respectively. There was no major complication. CONCLUSIONS: From these results TUMT appears to be safe and erective treatment modality in the high-risk surgical patients.
Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Microwaves ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Red Cross ; Seoul ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urinary Retention* ; Urology

OBJECTIVE: Several psychological characteristics of medical students were investigated, the relationhip between these characteristics and academic achievement was identified, and futhermore some significant predictors of their academic achievement were explored. METHOD: Subjects were a total of 489 medical students, 1st, 2nd, 3rd year in Chosun university as of in 1998. We administered self-report questionnaires including age, sex, grade failure, and transfer experience. And Beck Depression Inventory, Achievement Self-Discrepancy Scale, Self-Efficacy Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(state) Test Anxiety Scale, and the Inventory of Performance Anxiety were handed out to them on April 1998. After the semester, we examined the academic achievement according to grade point average. Pearson's correlations were calculated to explore the relationships between grade failure and other psychological variables, as well as the relationships between academic achievement and other psychological variables. The amount that academic achievement was explained by the psychological variables was obtained using multiple regression analysis. RESULT: 1)In 489 students, grade failure was 168(34.3%) non-failure was 321(65.7%) and transfer was 33(6.7%) 2)While G.P.A., performance anxiety, and self-efficacy, respectively, were negatively correlated with the failure, test anxiety was positively correlated with the grade failure. There were no statistically significant correlations between grade failure and depression, self-discrepancy, or state anxiety. 3)Academic achievement was positively correlated with both gender and self-efficacy, whereas it was negatively correlated with depression, self-discrepancy, test anxiety, and state anxiety, respectively. Female students were better than males in academic achievement. 4)The amount that age, gender, grade failure, transfer, depression, self-discrepancy, test anxiety, state anxiety, performance anxiety, and self-efficacy accounted for academic achievement was 10.86% totally. CONCLUSION: Gender, grade failure, and depression in medical students affected their academic achievement significantly.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Female ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Performance Anxiety ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Students, Medical* ; Test Anxiety Scale

Although heparin solution is widely used as an anticoagulant in blood gas analysis, alterations in blood gas measurements may occur when small sample volumes are diluted by heparin. Cook pressure tubing for infants and children and Gould pressure line for adults were applied to each of 10 adult patients whose cardiovascular fuction was normal. Arterial blood gases were measured serially after withdrawing 2,4,6,8,10 and 12 ml of flus-blood solutions from the Gould pressure connecting tubing, and 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 ml from the Cook pressure line, which were connected to a transducer through a 3way stopcock. In the Gould pressure tubing, the pH was unchanged from sample 2 and PaCO2, HCO3- and base excess were unchanged from sample 3. PaO2 did not change between the samples. In the Cook pressure line, the pH and base excess were unchanged from sample 2 and PaCO2, HCO3- and PaO2 from sample 3. We conclude that arterial blood should be withdrawn in volumes of at least 4ml by the Gould pressure connecting tubing and 3ml by the Cook pressure line to obtaine accurate results in blood gas analysis.
Adult ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Child ; Gases ; Heparin ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant ; Transducers

Thirty-six adult patients who received caudal anesthesia for perianal surgery were rando-mly agsigned to two grgups. Of these, 15 patients ingroup 1 were given 1.5 and 2% plain lidocaine in 18 and 7 ml doses, repectively. Twenty-one patients in group 2 were given lidooaine carbonated with 5% NaHCO3 0.1 ml per 1 ml-lidocaine in the same volume and concentration as in group 1. The time of onset of analgesia for the pin prick and scratch tests was significantly more rapid in group 2(2.04+/-0.63 and 4,69+/-1.12 min for the pin prick and scratch tests, respecti-vely-) than those in group 1(5.00+/-1.70 and 9.48+/-5.40 min for the pin prick and scratch test, respectively). However, the duration of anesthesia in both groups was not significantly different (111.80 +/-40.24 and 105.95+/-45.04 min in group 1 and 2, respectively). The mean pH of the 1.5 and 2% agents used in group 1 was 5.289+/-0.206 and 5.257+/-0.193, respectively, while the mean PH of the 1.5 and 2% carbonated lidocaine used in group 2 was 7.004+/-0.079 and 7.023+/-0.288, reapectively. The results iridicate that pH-adjusted lidocaine for caudal anesthesia has a more rapid onset than plain lidocaine hut that there is no difference in the length of duration of its effect.
Adult ; Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Caudal* ; Carbon* ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Lidocaine*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Thoracic Injuries* ; Thoracotomy*

Changes in serum potassium concentration following administration of succinylcholine (1.5mg/kg) were evaluated in 15 cases of donors and 20 cases of reciepients in kidney transplantation.There were no changes prior to and follwing administration of succinrlcho-line in serum potassium levels in the donors and recipients. Changes in serum potassium concentration were also eyaluated in livining-related recipients, in which the donor kidney was flushed with cold Ringer's lactate solution with the amount of about 750 ml. The mean vascular clamping time was 39.5+/-71.8 minutes. There were no difference between before clamping and following release of the vascular clamp in spite of the interruption of blood flow to the clamped leg. We suggest that succinylcholine in this dose is not contraindicated in patients with chronic renal failure and in the living related recepients who received dornor kidnie which was flushed with Ringer's lactate solution and there is no risk of potassium elevation after relesaing vascular clamp.
Constriction ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Lactic Acid ; Leg ; Potassium* ; Succinylcholine* ; Tissue Donors

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of high frequency percutaneous transtracheal ventilation and high frequency jet insufflation for laryngomicrosurgery performed under general anesthesia. Twenty patients were anesthetized with intermittent intravenous anesthetics and paralyzed with either d-tubercurarine or pancuronium. For the operations for 8 of them (group 1) ventilation was supplied through a 16 G Angiocatch introduced into the trachea through the cricothyroid membrane. For the operations for 12 remaining patients(group 2) ventilation was supplied through a 5 mm endotracheal catheter. A respiratory rate of 100 breaths/minute was used at an FiO2 1.0 using a solenoid valve-actuated ventilator. The inspiratory-expiratory ratio was 1:2. The driving pressure of oxygen was 10-45 psi. In neither group was there any significant change in the value of the pH, of PaCO2, or of PaO2. Cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate were slightly increased. Data obtained from these observations indicate that these techniques and devices when used properly, should provide adequate ventilation and improve the visibility of the operative field.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anesthesia, General* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Human ; Laryngeal Diseases/surgery* ; Microsurgery* ; Middle Age ; Respiration, Artificial

Renal Infarction is a rare disease and in 90% of patients with renal infarction, underlying cardiac disease is presented. Most often this includes valvular heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, rheumatic heart disease with fibrillation, or subacute bacterial endocarditis. The correct clinical diagnosis and appropriate treatment of renal infarction are often delayed. Three cases of renal infarction were presented with review of literature.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Diagnosis ; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Valve Diseases ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Rare Diseases ; Rheumatic Heart Disease

Malignant lymphoma, which represents about 5.4% of all neoplasms and more significantly 19-28% of malignant neoplasms, is the most common non-epithelial malignancy in the head and neck area and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma accounts for 11.4% of all lymphoma in Koreans. Natural killer/T-cell (NK/T-cell) lymphoma is a lymphoma of the putative natural killer cell lineage. NK/T-cell neoplasms are generally rare, but they are more common in people of the Oriental, Mexican and South American descent. These neoplasms are highly aggressive and they show a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus. The preferential site of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma is the nasal cavity and there has been no report of NK/T-cell lymphoma developing from the tongue in the oral cavity. We experienced one rare case of extranasal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the tongue, and to our knowledge, this was the first case in Korea. Thus, we report this case with a review of the literature.
Head ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Korea ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; Mouth ; Nasal Cavity ; Natural Killer T-Cells* ; Neck ; Tongue*