The purpose of this paper is to present a form of aphasia test, Modified Western Aphasia Battery (MWAB), which can be a practical method of examing and classifying Korean aphasic patients. This scorable test has five subtests: information, fluency, comprehension, repetition and naming. The authors have examined 11 aphasics and 34 normal control with this test, and report its methods and results.
Aphasia* ; Comprehension ; Humans ; Neuropsychological Tests

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hemolytic* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Vitamin E* ; Vitamins*

In 1941, Jaffe and coworkers studied a lesion with histologic appearance of fibrous stroma, pigmented deposition and histiocytic infiltration as well as giant cell, for which they named pigmented villonodullar synovitis, bursitis and tenosynovitis. Thereafter many authors have disscussed etiology, clinical and radiological features, pathology and treatment regarding the disease. Recently we experienced a case of pigmented villonodular synovitis involving an hip joint which was treated by synovectomy and total hip replacement with good result.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bursitis ; Giant Cells ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Pathology ; Synovitis ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Tenosynovitis

Septo-optic dysplasia is an uncommon developmental disorder consisting of septum pellucidum angenesis, optic nerve hypoplasia, congenital nystagmus, seizure and multiple endocrine dysfunction. Clinically mild forms of septo-optic dysplasia and syndrome of absent septum pellucidum are now easily detected by computed tomography. We report two cases of septo-optic dysplasia with consistent radiographic findings with the anomaly.
Nystagmus, Congenital ; Optic Nerve ; Seizures ; Septo-Optic Dysplasia* ; Septum Pellucidum

BACKGROUND: Cryosurgery uses freezing temperatures to achieve specific effects on tissues, and this method has been used to treat various skin diseases for the last five decades. The modern cryosurgery is especially effective on the treatment of benign, premalignant and malignant lesions including keloid, hypertrophic scar and pigmented disease such as Ota nevus. The results of cryosurgery depend on such factors as types of cryogen, freezing and thawing time, and numbers of the freezing-thawing cycle. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to show differences among groups of disease, sites of treatment and applying methods through comparing freezing and thawing time. And specifying the optimum applying methods for the treatment of each specific disease is studied. METHOD: To attain the goal of the study, operation records of 224 patients, who received cryosurgical treatment at the Ewha Woman's University Dongdaemoon Hospital, have been analyzed. RESULTS: 1. The numbers of male and female patients of selected group were 74 and 150, respectively, and their ages between 2 and 54 years. Among the group, 42 patients had epidermal pigmentary disease, 77 had dermal pigmentary disease and 105 had scars. 2. Ratios of TT(thawing time) to FT(freezing time) were significantly different among groups of disease(p<0.05). 3. Ratios of TT to FT were significantly different among groups of treatment site(p<0.05). 4. Ratios of TT to FT showed great difference between the group of rolling method applied and one of pressure method applied(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The output of this study indicates that the result of the cryosurgery tends to be heavily influenced by the surgical method that is employed. It also proves that the pressure method tends to inflict more severe cryoinjury on the tissues than the rolling method. Each different tissue shows different sensitivity to the cold injury, and the longer the thawing time is, the more cryoinjury of tissues occurs. Therefore, to achieve the maximum therapeutic result while minimizing the undesired effect, adequate surgical method should be selected and applied to each specific disease. This concept is introduced in this study as "Theory of Selective Cryolysis.".
Cicatrix ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Cryosurgery* ; Female ; Freezing ; Humans ; Keloid ; Male ; Nevus of Ota ; Skin Diseases

A 24 year old man visited our hospital, because an intrapulmonary foreign body had been found incidentally. Simple chest X-ray showed a 5 cm sized foreign body of metallic density, and chest CT confirmed the foreign body, which was like a sewing needle, in the left upper lobe. We performed a simple extraction of the foreign body using VATS (Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery). After the operation, the patient was discharged without any complications.
Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Needles* ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracoscopy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

A 24 year old man visited our hospital, because an intrapulmonary foreign body had been found incidentally. Simple chest X-ray showed a 5 cm sized foreign body of metallic density, and chest CT confirmed the foreign body, which was like a sewing needle, in the left upper lobe. We performed a simple extraction of the foreign body using VATS (Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery). After the operation, the patient was discharged without any complications.
Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Needles* ; Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted ; Thoracoscopy ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Visual evoked potentials(VEPs) were recorded in 30 patients with multiple sclerosis who had been diagnosed and classified as definite(10), probable(15) and possible(5) MS by clinical criteria. This study was performed to detect clinically unsuspected lesions in optic nerves, to confirm the diagnosis, and then to reclassify the patient group. The incidence of abnormal VEPs in groups classified by clinical criteria as definite, probable and possible MS was 90%(9/10), 60%(9/15) and 20%(1/5) respectively. The overall incidence was 63.3%(19/30). Of the 16 patients who had not been suspected the lesions in optic nerves, six(37%) had abnormalities in VEPs. In consideration of the clinical and VEPs findings, the patient group was reclassified into 15(50%), 11(36.6%) and 4(13.7%) respectively. Six subjects shifted toward the next superior classification degree (probable-definite;5, possible-probable;1). In conclusion, the authors predict that in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis VEPs would be very useful, noninvasive, simple and reproducible procedures not only in confirming clinically suspected lesion but also in detecting clinically unsuspected lesion of optic nerve.
Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Evoked Potentials, Visual* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Optic Nerve

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of a hydrofluoric acid (HA; solution of hydrogen fluoride [HF] in water)-based smart etching (SE) solution at an elevated temperature on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramics in terms of bond strength and morphological changes.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty sintered Y-TZP specimens were prepared for shear bond strength (SBS) testing. The bonding surface of the Y-TZP specimens was treated with 37% phosphoric acid etching at 20°C–25°C, 4% HA etching at 20°C–25°C, or HA-based SE at 70°C–80°C. In all groups, zirconia primers were applied to the bonding surface of Y-TZP. For each group, 2 types of resin cement (with or without methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [MDP]) were used. SBS testing was performed. Topographic changes of the etched Y-TZP surface were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results were analyzed and compared using 2-way analysis of variance.RESULTS: Regardless of the type of resin cement, the highest bond strength was measured in the SE group, with significant differences compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). In all groups, MDP-containing resin cement yielded significantly higher bond strength values than MDP-free resin cement (p < 0.05). It was also shown that the Y-TZP surface was etched by the SE solution, causing a large change in the surface topography.CONCLUSIONS: Bond strength significantly improved when a heated HA-based SE solution was applied to the Y-TZP surface, and the etched Y-TZP surface was more irregular and had higher surface roughness.
Ceramics ; Hot Temperature ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Resin Cements

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the effects of a hydrofluoric acid (HA; solution of hydrogen fluoride [HF] in water)-based smart etching (SE) solution at an elevated temperature on yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramics in terms of bond strength and morphological changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty sintered Y-TZP specimens were prepared for shear bond strength (SBS) testing. The bonding surface of the Y-TZP specimens was treated with 37% phosphoric acid etching at 20°C–25°C, 4% HA etching at 20°C–25°C, or HA-based SE at 70°C–80°C. In all groups, zirconia primers were applied to the bonding surface of Y-TZP. For each group, 2 types of resin cement (with or without methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [MDP]) were used. SBS testing was performed. Topographic changes of the etched Y-TZP surface were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results were analyzed and compared using 2-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: Regardless of the type of resin cement, the highest bond strength was measured in the SE group, with significant differences compared to the other groups (p < 0.05). In all groups, MDP-containing resin cement yielded significantly higher bond strength values than MDP-free resin cement (p < 0.05). It was also shown that the Y-TZP surface was etched by the SE solution, causing a large change in the surface topography. CONCLUSIONS Bond strength significantly improved when a heated HA-based SE solution was applied to the Y-TZP surface, and the etched Y-TZP surface was more irregular and had higher surface roughness.