One of the important activities nursing is the alleviating of discomfort including pain as providing comfort to patient. Postoperativediscom has been underestimated because it is only a part of postoperative physiological process and disappear in time. The study was designed to investigate the effect of relaxation technique on postoperative discomfort of patients with lumbosacral back pain. A total of 40 patients were selected as a subject from August 12th to October 10th 1995 who had been hospitalized at NS and OS nursing units in K medical center. Of them twenty were in the experimental group and the remaining twenty were in the control group in convenience sampling. The tools for study were Relaxation technique, designed to use postoperative setting adequately by Park, and Postoperative Discomfort Scale. The data were analyzed by use of t-test an x2 test. The study was concluded as follows : The main hypothesis, that "the experimental group who used relaxation technique will express a lesser score of postoperative discomfort than the control group who did not use relaxation technique" is divided into seven sub-hypotheses. Hypothesis 1, that "the experimental group will express less postoperative pain than the control group"was supported(t=-7.52, p=0.000). Hypothesis 2, that "the experimental group will express less postoperative feeling of unpleasantness than the control group"was supported(t=-7.04, p=0.000). Hypothesis 3, that "the experimental group will express less postoperative immobilization discomfort than the control group"was supported(t=-6.66, p=0.000). Hypothesis 4, that "the experimental group will show fewer nonverbal expressions of postoperative distress than the control group"was supported(t=-3.75, p=0.01). Hypothesis 5, that "the experimental group will use analgesic medication less frequently than the control group" was supported(t=-4.15, p=0.000). Hypothesis 6, that "the experimental group will have less change in vital sings between the pre and postoperative periods than control group"was supported only for respiratory rate(t=-4.06, p=0.000). Hypothesis 7. that "the experimental group will express less postoperative voiding difficulty than the control group"was not supported(t=0.06, p=0.951). As a result, this study showed that relaxation technique has the effect to postoperative discomfort of the patients with lumbosacral back pain, so the researcher thought it is enable for nurses to help patients undergoing postoperative discomfort.
Back Pain* ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Nursing ; Pain, Postoperative ; Physiological Processes ; Postoperative Period ; Relaxation*

No abstract available.
Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Humans*

We report one case of bilateral testicular torsion. A 400 gm male infant, born by cesarean section due to induction failure at 42 weeks gestation, was hospitalized at 9 days of age secondary to bilateral testicular mass. Physical examination revealed an healthy baby with enlarged, firm, nontender mass on both sides of the scrotum. Transillumination of the mass showed no transmission of light. Laboratory data included a normal CBC and a urinalysis. Ultrasonogrophy showed well encapsulated 0.9 x 0.9 x 1.0 cm sized and 1.5 x 1.3 x 1.3 cm sized homogenous hypoechoic solid mass in left and right testicles respectively, remainder testicular parenchyme showed normal structure. Exploration of the testes was performed at 25-days old under general anesthesia. Exploration revealed a infarction of the right testes secondary to spermatic cord torsion, evidenced by clockwise turns outside the tunica vaginalis of 270 degrees. Left testes was infarcted but a quarter of them seemed normal. Orchiectomy on right and fixation on left testes were performed respectively. Left spermatic cord seemed to be detorted spontaneously. Postoperatively the infant did well and discharged 5 days after operation. Follow up examination during the next 3 months have shown appropriated sized testicle with normal colorization and arterial pulse. Testicular scan performed at age 39 days showed good perfusion of left testes.
Anesthesia, General ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Infarction ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Perfusion ; Physical Examination ; Pregnancy ; Scrotum ; Spermatic Cord ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Testis* ; Transillumination ; Urinalysis

No abstract available.
Papilloma* ; Recurrence*

The purpose of this study was to identify the care needs of family-caregivers to the patients with stroke. Subjects were 115 family-caregivers caring for the patients while they were in-patients or out-patients with stroke in two general hospitals and one oriental medicine hospital located in Seoul and Kwang-Ju. The instrument used for this study was made by the researcher on the basis of results of literature review and interviews with family-caregivers, composed of 35 items. Internal validity by calculation of cronbach's alpha with data of respondents was 0.91, which was regarded as high. The Data were analyzed by SAS program, with percentage, mean, t-test, and ANOVA. Factor structures of care needs of family-caregivers were elicited by factor analysis(PCA, Varimax rotation). Datum collection had been from July 1 to August 14, 1997. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The mean score of the sum of the care needs of family-caregivers was 3.96 and the highest-mean item was 'need for immediate care(M=4.77)', and the lowest-mean item was 'need for chaplian's visit(M=2.82)'. 2. Care needs of the family-caregivers were: Need to be informed of the disease, treatment and care; need of education and assistance related to physical functional level; need of social support and consultation; need of management of nursing problem related to immobility; need of appreciation; need of the way to communicate with patients; need of immediate care and help. The highest mean factor was the 'need for immediate care and help(M=4.74)', and the lowest mean factor was the 'need of appreciation(M=3.58)'. 3. The variables influencing the degree of care needs perceived by family-caregivers to the patients with stroke were as follows: There were significant differences between need to be informed of the disease, treatment and care and general characteristic factors, which were family caregiver's sex(p=.0178), caring period(p=.0223) and patient's suffering period(p=.0244). There were significant differences between need of education and assistance related to physical functional level and general characteristic factors, which were patient's paralysis(p=.0177), patient's ADL dependency(p=.0032). There were significant differences between need of social support and consultation and general characteristic factors, which were family caregiver's sex(p=.0055), occupation(p=.0159), religion(p=.0093) and patient's sex(p=.0134). There was significant difference in the degree of need of management of nursing problem related to immobility, according to the patient's ADL dependency(p=.0493). There were significant differences between need of appreciation and general characteristic factors, which were family caregiver's age(p=.0107), sex(p=.0133), and patient's age(p=.0338). There were significant differences between need of the way to communicate with patient and general characteristic factors, which were general characteristic factors, which were patient's paralysis(p=.0002) and aphasia(p=.0001). There were significant differences between need of immediate care and help and general characteristic factors, which were family caregiver's caring period(p=.0162) and patient's suffering period(p=.0116). 4. The mean score of patient's ADL dependency was 3.38 and the highest-mean item was 'ascending and descending stairs(M=4.12)', and the lowest-mean item was 'drinking(M=2.60)', There was no significant difference in the degrees of care needs related to the patient's ADL dependency. 5. The highest information source of family-caregivers was from the doctors about the disease, treatment and care(26.1%). The second highest one was from mass media(20.8%), and the third one was from the nurses. The above findings may be used as the basic data to seek more efficient way of elevating nursing practice and quality for family-caregivers to the patients with stroke.
Activities of Daily Living ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Gwangju ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional ; Nursing ; Outpatients ; Seoul ; Stroke*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

No abstract available.
Mass Screening*

A depth of the Tuohy needle in thoracic epidural anesthesia was measured in 101 patients undergoing thoracotomy. The patients were divided into two groups, which were received epidural anesthesia in T5-6 and T6-7 levels. The patient's age, sex, height and most recent antenatal or preoperative weight were obtained before measuring the needle depth. The PI (ponderal index) was calculated by dividing weight (Kg) by height (m). In patients of T5-6 group, the mean depth was found to be 6.14 cm which had no correlation with any other measurements. In patients of T6-7 group, the mean depth was found to be 6.16 cm which had no correlation with any other measurements.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Humans ; Needles* ; Thoracotomy

A depth of the Tuohy needle in thoracic epidural anesthesia was measured in 101 patients undergoing thoracotomy. The patients were divided into two groups, which were received epidural anesthesia in T5-6 and T6-7 levels. The patient's age, sex, height and most recent antenatal or preoperative weight were obtained before measuring the needle depth. The PI (ponderal index) was calculated by dividing weight (Kg) by height (m). In patients of T5-6 group, the mean depth was found to be 6.14 cm which had no correlation with any other measurements. In patients of T6-7 group, the mean depth was found to be 6.16 cm which had no correlation with any other measurements.
Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Humans ; Needles* ; Thoracotomy

No abstract available.
Electrocoagulation* ; Laparoscopy*