No abstract available.
Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans

No abstract available.

A clinico-pathologic study with an immunohistochemical examination for c-erbB-2 expression in 54 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ and 16 cases of Paget's disease of the breast was performed. c-erbB-2 oncoprotein overexpression was observed in 45% (24/54) and 88% (14/16) of ductal carcinoma in situ and Paget's disease, respectively. The overexpression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein was significantly correlated with the nuclear grade of tumors and inversely with the status of the estrogen receptor. c-erbB-2 was positive in 4 out of 5 patients with metastasis to axillary lymph nodes and 3 out of 4 patients who died of the disease. Prognostic significance of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma in situ was highly suggested. The expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in Paget's disease was well correlated with coexisting infiltrating or in situ ductal carcinoma. The high positive rate of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in ductal carcinoma with Paget's disease could be understood with a recent hypothesis that c-erbB-2 oncoprotein is involved in promotion of cell motility and the spread of carcinoma cells.
Neoplasm Metastasis

In order to evaluate the effecacy of 2D-Doppler echocardiography for the measurement of pulmonary flow(Qp), systolic flow(Qs), the ratio of pulmonary flow and systemic flow and systemic flow(Qp/Qs), 19 membranous ventricular septal defect patients were examined in the period from July, 1986 to October, 1987 at Ewha Women's university hospital. The measurement of Qp, Qs, Qp/Qs by 2D-Doppler echocardiography were compared with the results by the Fick's method of cardiac catheterization.The following results were obtained. 1) The total of the 19 patients consisted of 15 males and 4 females. The mean age of the patients was 8.2 years. 2) It was found that the Fick's method and 2D-Doppler measurements of Qp (n=19, r=0.67), Qs (n=19, r=0.88), and Qp/Qs ratio(n=19, r=0.62) were highly correlated(p<0.01). 3) It is understood that the measurement of Qp, Qs, Qp/Qs ratio by 2D-Doppler echocardiography were quite useful to the noninvative diagnosis of ventricular septal defect.
Cardiac Catheterization* ; Cardiac Catheters* ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Humans ; Male

Postpartum hemorrhage is a common cause of maternal mortality; its main cause is placenta accreta. Therapeutic hypothermia is a generally accepted means of improving clinical signs in postcardiopulmonary resuscitation patients. A 41-year-old pregnant woman underwent a cesarean section under general anesthesia at 37 weeks of gestation. After the cesarean section, the patient experienced massive postpartum bleeding, which led to cardiac arrest. Once spontaneous circulation returned, the patient underwent an emergency hysterectomy and was placed under therapeutic hypothermia management. The patient recovered without neurological complications.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Cesarean Section ; Emergencies ; Female ; Heart Arrest* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Hypothermia, Induced* ; Hysterectomy* ; Maternal Mortality ; Placenta Accreta ; Postpartum Hemorrhage* ; Postpartum Period* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Resuscitation

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify the effects of human rights sensitivity training on human rights consciousness and attitudes toward the mentally ill by psychiatric mental health nurse. METHODS: A non equivalent control group pre-posttest design was used for this study. The 54 participants were selected from the mental health institute in Y city. The experimental group (n=26) received the interventions 3 times a week for 2 weeks. The evaluation tools were Human Right Consciousness and Community Attitude toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI). Data were analyzed using chi2-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, paired t-test, repeated measure ANCOVA with the SPSS/WIN 12 program. RESULTS: There was a significant mean change in human rights consciousness in the experimental group. But there was no significant difference in attitudes toward mentally illness. CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate that the human rights sensitivity program is effective in increasing human rights consciousness of psychiatric mental health nurses. Therefore, this program can be utilized in the field of mental health care services to improve human rights of person with mental illness.
Human Rights* ; Humans ; Mental Health* ; Mentally Ill Persons

Tarsal tunnel syndrome is relatively an uncommon and usually under-recognized or misdiagnosed condition. We report a case of posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome caused by a ganglion . A 58-year-old woman complained of burning and tingling sensation along the left sole and presented weakness, muscle atrophy, and Tinel's sign in the left foot. Electrodiagnostic study revealed prolonged terminal latency, reduced compound muscle action potential, absent sensory nelve potential, and denervation potentials. After removal of the ganglion, patient's symptoms improved and the electrodiagnostic study performed after two months showed significant improvement.
Action Potentials ; Atrophy ; Burns ; Denervation ; Female ; Foot ; Ganglion Cysts* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Muscle Weakness ; Sensation ; Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome*

Antiphospholipid antibodies are found in association with collagen-vascular diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus[SLE]. As the laboratory tests suggest impaired coagulation, the patients having antiphospholipid Ab have been reported to be prone to develop thrombosis. The authors present three patients with antiphospholipid antibodies in SLE who had suffered from retinal vascular occlusions. Case 1 with central retinal vein occlusion who had both lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin Ab resulted in visual loss. Case 2 with branch retinal vein occlusion who was positive for only lupus anticoagulant experienced moderate visual disturbance. Case 3 with branch retinal artery occlusion who was positive for both lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin Ab died without ocular follow-up examination. We consider that SLE patients with the antiphospholipid Ab may be at high risk to develop disturbances in vision due to thromboembolism from a hypercoagulable state.
Antibodies, Antiphospholipid* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Retinal Artery Occlusion ; Retinal Vein ; Retinal Vein Occlusion ; Retinaldehyde ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombosis

Iron deficient state occurs commonly in the athlets, and the cause may be inadequate iron intake, loss of iron from sweat, blood loss of gastrointestinal tract, and hematuria. The age of the athletes ranged from 11 to 17 years old. I messured red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and related hematologic factors in the 32 adolescent female athletes and 21 female controls. a hematologic comparison was perfomed between the athletes and controls. The results obtained were as follows: 1) A value of hemoglobin were 11.6+/-1.4g/dl in the athletes and 12:4+/-0.8g/dl in controls (p<0.05). 2) Hematocrits were 34.1+/-3.4% in the athletes and 37.4+/-2.3% in controls (p<0.05). 3)A value of red bolld cell distribution width values were 13.9+/-2.1% in the athletes and 12.2+/-1.1% in controls (p<0.05). 4) Serum iron was 87.7+/-30.3ug/dl in the athletes and 121.8+/-39.0ug/dl in controls (p<0.001). 5) Total iron binding capacity was 445:6+/-31.8ug/dl in the athletes and 384:6+/-54.2ug/dl in controls (p<0.001). 6) Mean transferrin saturation values were 19.7+/-6.9% in the athletes and 32.5+/-10.8% in control (p<0.001). 7) Ferritin was 14.5+/-10.0ng/ml in the athletes and 33.9+/-13.9ng/ml in controls (p<0.001). 8) The duration of exercise was 4.8+/-2.5 years in the stage III iron deficiency, whil 3.0+/-2.0 years in normal group in iron deficient state (p<0.05).
Adolescent* ; Athletes* ; Erythrocyte Count ; Female* ; Ferritins ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hematocrit ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Iron* ; Sweat ; Transferrin