No abstract available.
Neural Tube Defects*

No abstract available.
Tendon Injuries* ; Tendons*

No abstract available.
Abscess*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma* ; Scalp*

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to compare home care dental devices for their dental plaque removal ability. METHODS: A single blinded randomized crossover clinical study design was used to measure plaque index (Turesky Modification Quigley-Hein Plaque Index). RESULTS: All 3 groups showed a statistically significant decrease in the plaque index after usage (P<0.001). In manual tooth-brushing group, the teeth on the right dental arch showed a greater decrease in the plaque index than on the left arch (P=0.041). All appliances showed greater plaque reduction in the upper right posterior teeth than in the lower right posterior teeth (P=0.009, 0.004, 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study support development of more effective oral hygiene appliances and emphasis on oral hygienic education.
Dental Arch ; Dental Devices, Home Care ; Dental Plaque Index ; Dental Plaque* ; Education ; Health Education ; Oral Hygiene* ; Tooth ; Vibration*

Surgeons have been dependent mainly on the clinical findings in the diagnosis of the empyema of gallbladderrequiring a emergent surgical intervention. Ultrasonographic findings of empyema of gallbladder are similar tothose of acute cholecystitis, but several finding are more frequently seen in empyema than in acute cholecystitis.We reviewed the clinical and ultrasonographic pictures in 15 cases of surgically proven empyema of gallbladder.The results were as follows: 1. Empyema of GB shows relatively high frequency in male and elderly person, comparedwith acute cholecystitis. 2. Right upper abdominal pain with tenderness and leukocytosis are constant findings inempyema. 3. Ultrasonographic findings; (1) GB is distended in 80%. (2) GB wall is thickened all ill defined in80%. (3) Internal echo is seen in 93.3%-diffuse(53.3%), localized (20%) or layered(20%). (4) Gallstones arelocated in CBD causing dilatation proximally.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Cholecystitis, Acute ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Empyema ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Surgeons

Background: Cryolipolysis, a preferred method for minimally invasive body contouring, involves the noninvasive cooling of adipocytes to induce lipolysis without damaging other tissues. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of cryolipolysis for the treatment of excessive fat tissue. Methods: Between May 2014 and December 2017, 231 patients with 448 areas of interest were enrolled and their records were retrospectively reviewed. We used five different vacuum applicators, and the best-fitting applicator was used for each area. One cycle of cryolipolysis was applied at a cooling intensity factor of 41.6. The efficacy was evaluated 12 weeks after treatment via review of clinical photographs, the pinch test, and ultrasonographic measurements of fat thickness. The occurrence of any complications was also assessed. Results: The volume was reduced in all of the areas to which cryolipolysis was applied. The rate of reduction of the fat layer as measured via the pinch test was 19.2%, and the rate of the decrease in fat layer thickness as measured via ultrasonography was 22.8%. Fat reduction of the upper arm differed significantly from that of the abdomen and flank, but no significant difference was found between sexes. The side effects were limited to erythema, edema, bruising, and numbness at the treatment site and resolved without treatment. Conclusions Cryolipolysis, with new and better-fitting applicators, is safe, fast, and effective for the reduction of excessive fat tissue on the abdomen, back, flank, and extremities. It is a good option for treating excess adipose tissue in Asian patients.

BACKGROUND: Barbed thread lifting is known to be a minimally invasive procedure compared with standard incisional surgery for facial rejuvenation. However, some studies have pointed out that the effects of thread lifting do not last long and disappear after several months. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and duration of anchoring-type absorbable thread lifting combined with liposuction for facial rejuvenation. METHODS: A retrospective review of 27 cosmetic patients who underwent absorbable barbed thread lifting with liposuction between July 2013 and December 2015 was undertaken. The efficiency of facial rejuvenation was evaluated through a patient satisfaction score and the global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS). RESULTS: Subjects were divided into two groups: thread lifting only and thread lifting combined with liposuction. The mean follow-up period of each group was 8.5 and 9.3 months, respectively. In the thread lifting-only group, the average patient satisfaction score was 2.36 (1=unsatisfied to 4=very satisfied), and the average GAIS score was 2.54 (1=very much improved to 5=worsen). In the thread lifting with liposuction group, the average patient satisfaction score was 3.06, and the average GAIS score was 1.85. CONCLUSIONS: Thread lifting combined with liposuction showed better patient satisfaction and GAIS results than thread lifting alone, even over a long follow-up period.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lifting ; Lipectomy ; Patient Satisfaction ; Rejuvenation ; Retrospective Studies ; Suture Anchors

The most commonly reported sexual problems in diabetic women are sexual arousal disorder and a lack of vaginal lubrication. The aims of this study were to investigate the vaginal structural changes and expressions of TGF-beta1, Ec-NOS and estrogen receptor alphaby histochemistry, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis in diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats. The mean blood glucose levels were significantly increased in the diabetic rats (453+/-88.4 mg/dL)compared to the control group (79+/-6 mg/dL)and insulin-treated diabetic rats (56.7+/-0.6 mg/dL).The vaginal wall in control rat showed 6~11 layered stratified squamous epithelial lining and submucosal smooth muscle, connective tissue and vasculatures. In diabetic rat, the vaginal epithelium was reduced to 2~6 layers and the submucosal vasculatures were decreased n size and number.Collagen fibers were increased and irregularly distorted arrangement. Insulin-treated diabetic rat showed similar morphologic features as control rat.In diabetic rat, TGF-beta1 expression was upregulated by 1.65 times and Ec-NOS expression was 40% downregulated compared to control and insulin-treated diabetic rats in Western blot analysis. In control and insulin-treated diabetic rats, TGF-beta1 immunoreactivity was detected in fibroblasts and the collagen fibers, Ec-NOS immunoreactivity in the endothelial cells of blood vessels, and estrogen receptor alphaimmunoreactivity in the basal and intermediate cell layers of stratified squamous epithelium, smooth muscle fibers, and nerve fibers. In diabetic rat, expression of TGF-beta1, Ec-NOS, and estrogen receptor alphawas exhibited comparable cellular patterns of labeling, but signal intensity was increased in TGF-beta1 and decreased in Ec-NOS and estrogen receptor alpha. These results suggest that vaginal tissue fibrosis in diabetes mellitus may be caused by altered expression of TGF-beta1, NOS and estrogen. It also mplies that sexual arousal disorder and lack of vaginal lubrication in the diabetic women could be protected or delayed by controlling blood glucose levels.
Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Vessels ; Blotting, Western ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Endothelial Cells ; Epithelium ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Estrogens ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Insulin* ; Lubrication ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nerve Fibers ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Rats* ; Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Vagina*