In this study the action of pancuronium given directly into the lateral ventricle on the mean blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory frequency and skeletal muscular contractility of the rabbit were investigated. Pancuronium, which a dose of 10ug/kg and 30kg/kg were given into the lateral ventricle of rabbit. 1) Intraventricular injection of 10ug/kg of pancuronium increased pulse rate, respiratory frequency and muscle contraction and the differences were not statiscally significant. 2) Intraventricular injection of 30ug/kg of pancuronium produced a gradual increase of respiratory frequency which began at 5 minutes after drug injection and continued over a half hour. The difference between control and experimental value was statistically significant (p<0.005) while pulse rate and muscular contractility were increased but not significant. 3) Mean blood pressure was not changed after intraventricular injection of the pancuronium.
Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Muscle Contraction ; Pancuronium*

No abstract available.
Trisomy*

No abstract available.
Incontinentia Pigmenti*

No abstract available.
Incontinentia Pigmenti*

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Humans ; Statistics as Topic*

Global aphasia without other focal neurologic lateralizing signs (GWLS) is an uncommon stroke syndrome. The pathogenesis of GWLS has been thought as the result of multiple cardioembolism. However, a few cases of GWLS with a single lesion have been reported. We report an unusual case of GWLS with a single left superior temporal infarction. A 73-year-old right handed man was admitted with receptive and expressive language impairment without other focal neurologic lateralizing signs. The patient's global aphasia symptom has being 4 weeks after symptom onset. Brain CT showed only one lesion of left superior temporal lobe. Our case notes that the multiple lesions of the speech area are not only necessary to produce GWLS, and it is not necessarily imply a double lesion or an embolic causes.
Aged ; Aphasia* ; Brain ; Hand ; Humans ; Infarction ; Stroke ; Temporal Lobe

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common comorbidity in patients with stroke, has shown increasing prevalence over the past few decades. OSA is an important risk factor for stroke in addition to other well-known contributors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus. Moreover, OSA is an independent predictor of neurological outcomes and mortality. The pathological mechanisms underlying the association between OSA and stroke include autonomic dysfunction, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypoxia, and inflammation. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy has proven clinical utility in improvement of neurological symptoms in patients with stroke. Findings from a CPAP withdrawal model have shown increased sympathetic activity in OSA with a consequent significant elevation in blood pressure, relevant cerebral hypoxia, and disturbed cardiac repolarization. In this review, we present an overview of the literature that describes an association between OSA and stroke in addition to the vascular risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, and diabetes mellitus. This study highlights the importance of early and accurate diagnosis and management of OSA for stroke prevention and care and will benefit physicians in clinical practice.

The diagnostic value of the DNA polymerase chain reaction for the detection of M. tuberculosis in tuberculous meningitis uas established by using cerebrospinal fluids obtained from 7 bacteriologically confirmed patients (Group IA), 17 clinically diagnosed patients (Group IB), 21 patients with other bacterial or viral meningitis (Group IIA) and two norrnal persons (Group IIB) The PCR was perforrned with P1 and P2 primer set which directed against the 123bp segment of IS5110. A repetitive sequence of M. tuberculosis chromosome. The sensitivity and specificity of the PCR for the detection of M. tuberculosis was evaluated by using DNAs purified from cultured M tuberculosis and M intracellulare . The detection limit by the PCR amplication with Pl and P2 primer was lfg of DNA for M. tuberculosis and lpg for M. intracellulare indicating that the PCR was very sensitive for M. tubererculosis DNA detection; although weakly cross-reactive with DNA of M. tuberculosis. Of the 7 cerebrospinnal fluids from bacterologically proven tuberculous meningitis patients (Group IA), 7 samples were all positive by PCR (10Q%). 15 sarnples of 17 the AFB smear-negative and culture-negative samples from tuberculous meningitis patients (Group IB) were positive by PCR (88.2%) and 2 of 2l sanples from other meningitis patients (Group IIA) showed positive reaction (9.5%). There were no sarnples whick showed positive reaction by PCR among 2 sarnples from normal persons (Group IIB). This results indicated that the PCR using P1 and P2 primer set was useful for the early diagosis of tuberculous meningitis.
Cerebrospinal Fluid ; DNA ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Meningitis ; Meningitis, Viral ; Penicillin G Benzathine ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid ; Sensitivity and Specificity* ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to implement a software to visualize tumor and its surrounding fiber tracts simultaneously using diffusion tensor imaging and examine the feasibility of our software for investigating the influence of tumor on its surrounding fiber connectivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR examination including T1-weigted and diffusion tensor images of a patient with brain tumor was performed on a 3.0 T MRI unit. We used the skull-striped brain and segmented tumor images for volume/surface rendering and anatomical information from contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. Diffusion tensor images for the white matter fiber-tractography were acquired using a SE-EPI with a diffusion scheme of 25 directions. Fiber-tractography was performed using the streamline and tensorline methods. To correct a spatial mismatch between T1- weighted and diffusion tensor images, they were coregistered using a SPM. Our software was implemented under window-based PC system. RESULTS: We successfully implemented the integrated visualization of the fiber tracts with tube-like surfaces, cortical surface and the tumor with volume/surface renderings in a patient with brain tumor. CONCLUSION: Our result showed the feasibility of the integrated visualization of brain tumor and its surrounding fiber tracts. In addition, our implementation for integrated visualization can be utilized to navigate the brain for the quantitative analysis of fractional anisotropy to assess changes in the white matter tract integrity of edematic and peri-edematic regions in a number of tumor patients.
Anisotropy ; Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Diffusion ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Rectal stricture is an occasional complication of abdominoperineal pull-through and low anterior resection of the rectum and irradiation injury. Although the causes and pathogenesis of this phenomenon are poorly understood, various techniques for stricture dilatation have been described. In this article, we present two cases of severe postoperative rectal stricture that were not amenable to conventional methods of dilation but were succesfully managed by transanal electroresection using endoscopic transurethral electroreectoscope.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation ; Rectum