Dermatofibroma with granular cells is composed mainly of spindle shaped cells mixed with in-conspicuous foamy cells that contain granular cytoplasm. We present a case of dermatofibroma with granular cells in a 36-year-old male who visited our clinic to evaluate a slow-growing nodule on the medial side of the left lawer leg. He have had the nodule for five years and sometimes felt an itching sensation. Biopsy of the nodule identified a dermal nodular tumor showing cellular spindle cell proliferation admixed with peripheral foamy histiocytes. With the immunohistochemical staining, the granular cell was positive for alpha-1-antitrypsin and CD68, and negative for S-100. A few electron-dense granules were seen in the cytoplasm on the electronmicroscopic study. These results suggested that the granular cells originated from histiocytes.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cell Proliferation ; Cytoplasm ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous* ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Pruritus ; Sensation

For the purpose of evaluating the effect of both direct retainer design and bony absorption degree around abutment of indirect retainer on the supporting tissue of abutment of indirect retainer, dislodging force was transmitted to unilateral distal extension RPD bases. Analysis of stress distributed within the supporting tissue around abutment of indirect retainer was carried out. Using three-dimensional photoelastic stress analysis method and the conclusion is a follows. 1. According to the extent of force which the direct retainer of the most distal abutment tooth, the amount of force transmitted to the abutment tooth of indirect retainer was small. 2. Of all the cases, Mandibular first premolar which was used abutment tooth of indirect retainer, buccal, mesial and distal sides represented compression stress and lingual side represented tensile stress. 3. The more bone resorption of abutment tooth of indirect retainer, the more distortion of buccal and distal side of abutment tooth was existed and the extent of compression stress which was existed and distal side to abutment tooth was large. 4. When the alveolar bone around the abutment with indircet retainer is normal. The amount of force transmitted on abutment with indirect retainer was small in the order of Akers clasp, RPA clasp, RPI clasp. 5. When the alveolar bone around the abutment with indirect retainer has been absorbed 20% and 30%, the amount of force transmitted on abutment with indirect retainer was small in the order of RPA calsp, RPI clasp, Akers clasp. 6. When denture is displaced, shape of the direct retainer reciprocating abutment affect much the function of indirect retainer.
Absorption ; Bicuspid ; Bone Resorption* ; Dentures ; Tooth*

This study is aimed at developing a cardiac rehabilitation program and enlightening the effects of the program on patient's health behavior compliance, cardiovascular functional capacity, and quality of life. Using a quasi-experimental approach the nonequivalent control group pretest - posttest design was accepted for this study. The subjects of this study consisted of 55 patients with ischemic heart disease at the Cardiac Center of 'G' Hospital located in Inchon from May 1, 1998 to April 30, 1999. The patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which participated in the cardiac program with 30 patients and 25 patients of a control group were not involved in the program. There were two phases in the cardiac rehabilitation program: the first phase was a team approach education. It focused on reducing the risk of ischemic heart problems. The second phase was individual training by using a home based exercise program, which was comprised of 8 weeks, three sessions per week, 40-60 minutes per session, and followed by consultation. Every session involved 20-40 minutes of aerobic exercise at 40-60% of heart rate reserve, 11~13 RPE and 10 minutes of warm-up and 10 minutes of cool-down exercises. The experimental tools for the study were the health behavior compliance scale developed by Lee, Yoon-hee (1992), and quality of life scale developed by McGirr et al.(1990). RPPsubmax were measured by the treadmill. The collected data was processed by SPSS and analyzed by X2test and t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The health behavior compliance in experimental group was significantly increased (t=5.091, p=.000) when compared to the control group. 2. RPPsubmax also decreased significantly in the experimental group when compared to the control group(t=-2.109, p=.040). 3. The quality of life significantly improved in the experimental group (t=3.853, p=.000) as compared to the control group. As the above results of this study revealed, the effectiveness of the cardiac rehabilitation program of the study was confirmed. It increased the health behavior compliance for reducing the risk of further coronary events, enhanced the cardiovascular functional capacity, and eventually improved the patient's quality of life.
Compliance* ; Cool-Down Exercise ; Education ; Exercise ; Health Behavior* ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incheon ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Quality of Life* ; Rehabilitation*

This study is aimed at developing a cardiac rehabilitation program and enlightening the effects of the program on patient's health behavior compliance, cardiovascular functional capacity, and quality of life. Using a quasi-experimental approach the nonequivalent control group pretest - posttest design was accepted for this study. The subjects of this study consisted of 55 patients with ischemic heart disease at the Cardiac Center of 'G' Hospital located in Inchon from May 1, 1998 to April 30, 1999. The patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group, which participated in the cardiac program with 30 patients and 25 patients of a control group were not involved in the program. There were two phases in the cardiac rehabilitation program: the first phase was a team approach education. It focused on reducing the risk of ischemic heart problems. The second phase was individual training by using a home based exercise program, which was comprised of 8 weeks, three sessions per week, 40-60 minutes per session, and followed by consultation. Every session involved 20-40 minutes of aerobic exercise at 40-60% of heart rate reserve, 11~13 RPE and 10 minutes of warm-up and 10 minutes of cool-down exercises. The experimental tools for the study were the health behavior compliance scale developed by Lee, Yoon-hee (1992), and quality of life scale developed by McGirr et al.(1990). RPPsubmax were measured by the treadmill. The collected data was processed by SPSS and analyzed by X2test and t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The health behavior compliance in experimental group was significantly increased (t=5.091, p=.000) when compared to the control group. 2. RPPsubmax also decreased significantly in the experimental group when compared to the control group(t=-2.109, p=.040). 3. The quality of life significantly improved in the experimental group (t=3.853, p=.000) as compared to the control group. As the above results of this study revealed, the effectiveness of the cardiac rehabilitation program of the study was confirmed. It increased the health behavior compliance for reducing the risk of further coronary events, enhanced the cardiovascular functional capacity, and eventually improved the patient's quality of life.
Compliance* ; Cool-Down Exercise ; Education ; Exercise ; Health Behavior* ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incheon ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Quality of Life* ; Rehabilitation*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell*

BACKGROUND: Video assisted thoracic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy is a safe and effective therapy for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis with immediate symptomatic imporvement. However the degree of satisfaction may diminish with time due to cmpensatory sweating or excessive hand dryness. Therefore by comparing and assessing the degree of symptomatic improvement or compensatory sweating following sympathectomy or sympathicotomy at various levels we aim to determine the optimal level of sympathetic nerve block which will result in minimal side effects and maximal benefit. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Among 194 patients having undergone video assisted thoracic sympathectomy or sympathicotomy between January 1996 and June 1999, 137 patients who responded to either telephone interview or questionnaire were included in the current study. The patients were divided into three groups. Group I(n=61) ; patients having undergone T2,3,4 sympathectomy group II(35) ; patients having undergone T2 sympathicotomy and group III(41) ; patients having undergone limited T2 sympathicotomy which consist of block of interganglionic neuronal fiber on the third rib. The parameters studied comprised of pre- and post-operative palmar temperature change treatment satisfaction the degree of compensatory sweating or discomfort from palmar dryness postoperative complication and changes in plantar sweating. RESULT: There was no difference in age and sex among the groups and the mean postoperative elevation in palmar temperature was 21.59degrees C without any differences among the groups. Patients expressing satisfaction were 65.6%, 62.9% and 90.24% in groups I, II and III, respectively(p<0.05) Moderate to severe compensatory sweating was present in 65.6% 51.4%, and 24.39%, in group I, II, and III, respectively (p<0.05) Slight but comfortable amount of palmar humidness was expressed in decreasing order group III(41.6%) group I(24.6%) and group II(5.7%) (p<0.05) Ineffectiveness or recurrence was present in 5patients in group I(8.2%) 1 patient in group II(2.9%) and none in group III. With regards to plantar sweating decrease in sweating was expressed in 43 patients(31.4%) while similar degree of sweating in 61 patients(44.5%) and increase in sweating in another 33 patinets(24.1%). CONCLUSION: Limited T2 sympathicotomy resection of the lower interganglionic neuronal fiber of the second sympathetic ganglion on the third rib showed immediate effect in palmar hyperhidrosis and caused lesser compensatory sweating and hand dryness.
Autonomic Nerve Block ; Ganglia, Sympathetic ; Hand ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis* ; Interviews as Topic ; Neurons ; Postoperative Complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Recurrence ; Ribs ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Sympathectomy

PURPOSE: We evaluated the MR and CT findings of the masticator space lesions in order to identify the differences among the malignant and benign tumors and infectious conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR and CT findings in 46 cases with proven masticator space lesions were reviewed retrospectively. We analysed the involvement of masticator muscles, adjacent spaces, orbit and intracrahium, homogeneity, necrosis, cystic changes, growth patterns, calcifications, enhancement patterns, MR signal intensity, and CT attenuation. RESULTS: Among the 29 cases of malignant tumors, seven cases were mandibular tumors including four chondrosarcomas, and 22 cases were extramandibular tumors. Malignant tumors of mandibular origin showed large masses with severe bone destruction and epicenter of mandible. Extramandiblular malignant tumors showed the epicenter out of the mandible and less severe bone destruction than mandibular tumors: Among the nine benign tumors, four cases were ameloblastomas which showed the well-defined masses and the expansion of the mandible, and four cases were extramandibular tumors which showed well-marginated extramandibular masses with no bone destruction. Among the eight infectious conditions, five cases were mandibular osteomyelitis with or without abscess formations, and the other three cases were infections from adjacent soft tissue or limited to the soft tissue. CONCLUSION: By careful observations of growth patterns, involvement of the masticator and adjacent spaces, bone changes, and epicenter of the lesions, one can discriminate a mandibular lesion from an extramandibular lesion. With this approach, it is thought to be easier to suggest a dignosis among a wide spectrum of masticator lesions.
Abscess ; Ameloblastoma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mandible ; Muscles ; Necrosis ; Orbit ; Osteomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: iNOS expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) causes the development of septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). For the inhibition of iNOS expression, glucocorticoids are known to inhibit iNOS expression but immunosuppression decreases its clinical availability. Recently, aspirin was reported to inhibit iNOS expression, but the mechanism and effectiveness are still unclear. In this investigation, on aspirin, several non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were applied to clarify the inhibitory mechanism of iNOS expression and NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treated VSMCs. METHOD: VSMCs were primarily cultured from rat aorta and confirmed by immunocytochemistry of anti-smooth muscle myosin antibody. LPS, an inducer of iNOS, and NSAIDs, such as aspirin, indomethacin, ketoprofen sodium salicylate and acetaminophen were used. The concentrations of nitrite in culture media following the addition of LPS with a 1-hour pretreatment of NSAIDs were measured by spectrophotometry with griess reaction. Western blot and RT-PCR for iNOS protein and iNOS mRNA, respectively, were performed. RESULT: Acetaminophen had no effect on the inhibition of nitrite production. NSAIDs, especially ketoprofen and sodium salicylate, showed a significant inhibitory effect on nitrite production. In their mechanism, all the NSAIDs in present study inhibited iNOS mRNA and protein expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the inhibitory mechanism on iNOS expression of NSAIDs is due to the inhibition of iNOS mRNA expression and subsequent inhibition of iNOS protein expression.
Acetaminophen* ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal* ; Aorta ; Aspirin ; Blotting, Western ; Culture Media ; Glucocorticoids ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunosuppression ; Indomethacin ; Ketoprofen ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular* ; Myosins ; Rats ; RNA, Messenger ; Shock, Septic ; Sodium Salicylate ; Spectrophotometry

To define the risk factors affecting the early major morbidity and mortality after multiple-valve operations, the preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative informations were retrospectively collected on 124 consecutive patients undergoing a multiple-valve operation between October 1985 and July 1996 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of Pusan Paik Hospital. The study population consists of 53 men and 71 women whose mean age was 37.9+/-11.5 (mean+/-SD) years. Using the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, 41 patients (33.1%) were in functional class II, 60 (48.4%) in class III, and 20 (16.1%) in class IV preoperatively. Seven patients (5.6%) had undergone previous cardiac operations. Atrial fibrillations were present in 76 patients (61.3%), a history of cerebral embolism in 5 (4.0%), and left atrial thrombus in 13 (10.5%). The overall early mortality rate and postoperative morbidity was 8.1% and 21.8% respectively. Among the 124 cases of multiple-valve operation, there were 57 (46.0%) of combined mitral valve replacement (MVR) and aortic valve replacement (AVR), 48 (38.7%) of combined MVR and tricuspid annuloplasty (TVA), 12 (9.7%) of combined MVR, AVR and TVA, 3 (2.4%) of combined MVR and aortic valvuloplasty, 2 (1.6%) of combined MVR and tricuspid valve replacement, and others. The patients were classified according to the postoperative outcomes; Group A (27 cases) included the patients who had early death or major morbidity such as low cardiac output syndrome, mediastinitis, cardiac rupture, ventricular arrhythmia, sepsis, and others; Group B (97 cases) included the patients who had the good postoperative outcomes. The patients were also classified into group of early death and survivor. In comparison of group A and group B, there were significant differences in aortic cross-clamping time (ACT, group A:153.4+/-42.4 minutes, group B:134.0+/-43.7 minutes, p=0.042), total bypass time (TBT, group A:187.4+/-65.5 minutes, group B:158.1+/-50.6 minutes, p=0.038), and NYHA functional class (I:33.3%, II:9.7%, III:20%, IV:50%, p=0.004). In comparison of early death (n=10) and survivor (n=114), there were significant differences in age (early death:45.2+/-8.7 years, survivor:37.2+/-11.6 years, p=0.036), sex (female:12.7%, male:1.9%, p=0.043), ACT (early death:167.1+/-38.4 minutes, survivor:135.7+/-43.7 minutes, p=0.030), and NYHA functional class (I:0%, II:4.9%, III:1.7%, IV:35%, p=0.001). In conclusion, the early major morbidity and mortality were influenced by the preoperative clinical status and therefore the earlier surgical intervention should be recommended whenever possible. Also, improved methods of myocardial protection and operative techniques may reduce the risk in patients with multiple-valve operation.
Aortic Valve ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Busan ; Cardiac Output, Low ; Classification ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Rupture ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism ; Male ; Mediastinitis ; Mitral Valve ; Mortality* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors* ; Sepsis ; Survivors ; Thrombosis ; Tricuspid Valve

A retrospective analysis was performed on 219 pediatric patients who had received operations from May in 1993 to February in 1995 in Dental Hospital of Seoul National University. Of the 219 pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery, thc percentage of rhinoplasty and cheiloplasty was 23%, palatorrhaphy 21%, alveoloplasty and iliac bone graft 9%, mass excision of benign tumor 9%, alveoloplasty 8% and cheiloplasty 7%. The age distribution of the pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery in descending order was 33.8% iri group between 1 and 5 years old, 32.4% in group between 6 and 10 years old, 24.7% in group over 10 years old, and 9.1% in group between 1 month and 1 year old. Utility ratios of oral and maxillofacial operating room was 31.5%. All patient had received general inhalational anesthesia with enflurane or isoflurane. The sex distribution of the pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery in descending order was 60.7% in male group and 39.3% in female group. In dental pediatric patients with oral and maxillofacial surgery, the percentage of the nasotracheal and orotracheal intubation was 45% and 55% each.
Age Distribution ; Alveoloplasty ; Anesthesia ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dronabinol ; Enflurane ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Isoflurane ; Male ; Operating Rooms ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinoplasty ; Seoul* ; Sex Distribution ; Surgery, Oral ; Transplants