No abstract available.
Animals ; Haloperidol* ; Mice*

We have studied the function of lymphokines on human tonsillar B cell prolifertion and differentiation. B cells were stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus Cowanl (SAC) or anti- bead. The followings showed the results of this study. 1) In B cell activation, SAC induced B cell DNA synthesis but anti-mubead did not. SAC could activate and proliferate B cells. Minimal number of B cells were required to proliferate effectively. 2) In B cell proliferation, SAC could proliferate B cell in the abscence of lymphokines. Exogenous IL-2 or IL-4 enhanced B cell proliferation. The roles of IL-2 were very important in B cell proliferation. The effect of IL-4 on the IL-2 induced B cell proliferation was inhibitory in SAC-B cells. IL-4 could enhance the proliferation of anti-mu bead activated B cells. 3) In B cell differentiation, IL-2 was a major factor to differentiate SAC activated B cells, but IL-4 did not. IL-6 had a synergistic effect on the differentiation. The results of this study showed that the different signal transduction mechanisms were involved in B cell proliferation and differentiation. The B cell resposes to lymphokine were different, and it is depend upon antigens or mitogens.
B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation* ; DNA ; Humans* ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukin-6 ; Lymphokines ; Mitogens ; Signal Transduction ; Staphylococcus aureus

No abstract available.
Fingers* ; Joints* ; Lateral Ligament, Ankle*

According to repeated measurements and correction procedures, the accuracy of the phase-shifting profilometry was developed. At first, after 20 final models for maxillary complete denture were duplicated, the mucosa surfaces of models were measured with the phase-shifting profilometry and each mirror view of these was calibrated. Maxillary cats were divided into 4 groups of 5 casts per each, and wax dentures with 2 sheets of baseplate wax and artificial teeth were made and then cured according to the curing method of each group. Group I ; quick curing with QC-20 acrylic resin Group II ; 9 hour curing with QC-20 acrylic resin Group III ; SR-Ivocap system Group IV ; metal base and quick curing with QC-20 acrylic resin After curing, polishing, and storing at 37degrees C n saline for 30 days, the forms of the impression surface of the dentures were measured with the phase-shifting profilometry. Then, the impression surface form of each denture was placed in the optimal position of comparison with the mirror view of the same final cast. The amount and direction of distortion of each denture was analyzed and the effects of polishing and storage in each denture were compared. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In Group I, the denture was observed as the appearance distorted in the opposite direction of the mucosa and the postero-lateral part of palatal portion of the denture was observed as the appearance separated from the mucosa. Also, the buccal flanges of the denture were observed as the appearance distorted in the direction of the mucosa. 2. In Group II, the postero-lateral part of palatal portion of the denture was observed as the appearance separated slightly from the mucosa. The bilateral buccal flanges of denture were observed as the appearance distorted severely in the direction of the mucosa. 3. In Group III, the bilateral part of the residual ridge crest portions and the buccal flanges of the denture were observed as the appearance distorted in the direction of the mucosa, and specially, the buccal flanges of the maxillary tuberosities were distorted severely. 4. In Group IV, the acrylic resin base of the buccal portion of the denture was observed as the appearance distorted in the opposite direction of the mucosa. 5. The phase-shifting profilometry, done with repeated measurements and correction procedures, was effective in comparing the amount and direction of distortion at every position after the laboratory work and the delivery of maxillary complete denture.
Animals ; Cats ; Denture, Complete ; Dentures* ; Mucous Membrane ; Tooth, Artificial

The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress distribution of the abutment and supporting tissues according tot he slopes and types of the guiding plane of distal extension removable partial dentures. The 3-dimensional finite element method was used and the finite element models were prepared as follows. Model I : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 90degree to residual ridge Model II : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 95degree to residual ridge Model III : Kratochvil type guiding plane with 100degree to residual ridge Model IV : Krol type guiding plane with 90degree to residual ridge Distal extension partial denture which right mandibular first and second molar were lost was used and the second premolar was prepared as primary abutment with RPI type retainer. Then 150N of compressive force was applied to central fossae of the first and second molars and von Mises stress and displacement were measured. The results were as follows : 1. Model I and Model IV showed a similar stress distribution pattern and the stress was concentrated on the apex of the root of the abutment. 2. The stress was increased and concentrated on mesial side of the root of the abutment in Model II. The stress was concentrated on buccal and mesiobuccal side of the root of the abutment in Model III. 3. In Model I, the root of the abutment displaced and twisted a little in clockwise. In Model IV, the root of the abutment displaced to distolingually at apical region of the root and mesiobucally at cervical region of the root. 4. In Model II, the root of the abutment displaced to mesiolingually at apical region of the root and more displaced and twisted in counterclockwise at cervical region of the root. In Model III, the root of the abutment displaced to mesiobucally at apical region of the root and more displaced and twisted in clockwise at cervical region of the root.
Bicuspid ; Denture, Partial ; Denture, Partial, Removable* ; Molar

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dentin pretreatment with Dentin Conditioner,Ultra-Etch,conditioner of Fuji Plus cement on the shear bond strength of resin-reinforced glass ionomer cements to dentin and analyze the fractured surfaces. To evaluate the bond strengh, the extracted human teeth which had uniform area of exposed dentin were cemented with conventional glass ionomer cement. 3M RelyX TM Luting (Vitremer luting cement). Fuji Plus cement after dentin pretreatment. The shear bond strengh was measured using the Universal testing machine(Instron Co., USA) with a crosshead speed of 1mm/m. The effect of dentin pretreatment was evaluated by observing pretreated dentin surfaces under the scanning electron microscope,measuring the shear bond strength and observing the fractured surfaces under the scanning electron microscope. The results were as follows: On the SEM observation of surface morphology, the specimens treated with Dentin Conditioner, Ultra-Etch and conditioner of Fuji Plus cement were removed the smear layer and funneled dentinal tubules in dentin surfaces. In RelyX TM Luting cement group, shear bond strengh of pretreated group was significantly higher than control group. In Fuji Plus cement group and Fuji I group, regardless of the type of pretreatment agents, there was tendency of increase in the shear bond strength. On the SEM observation of fractured surfaces, as the shear bond strength increase, it were shown thicker cement layers and were not shown dentinal tubules. According to these results, it were shown that dentin pretreatment have much effect on bonding states.
Dentin* ; Glass Ionomer Cements* ; Glass* ; Humans ; Smear Layer ; Tooth

No abstract available.
Epidermal Cyst

No abstract available.
Female ; Perinatal Mortality* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple*

Replantation of a severed limb is an elective procedure and, as such, the decision to carry it out must be assessed anew in each case. The arm is progressively more valuable from shoulder to fingers, the leg, on the contrary, is progressively of less significance. Especially, the replantation of severed hand at the level of carpal bones or wrist joint is technically more difficult than at the level of forearm or arm. We have a successful case of replanted hand at the level of intercarpal joint without bony shortening.
Arm ; Carpal Bones ; Carpal Joints ; Extremities ; Fingers ; Forearm ; Hand ; Leg ; Microsurgery ; Replantation ; Shoulder ; Wrist Joint

This study was intended to analyze the relation between the psychic traumatic experience and the psychological health of the aged. The authors carried out this study by means of the combined anxiety-depression scale (CADS) and the preadolescence traumatic experience scale (PTES) with 278 aged men and women residing in Taegu from September to October 1988. The results were as follows: 1. Based on the scores evaluated by CADS, the scores of the both groups showed that comparative group was accounted for 40.15±6.19, while the experimental group for 57.75±6.37, which showed significantly higher score in the experimental group (p<0.001). 2. The experimental group showed significantly higher early experience score than the comparative group in the dietary difficulty, alcoholism among family members, disunion between husband and wife, trouble between mother and children, early mother loss, parent's indifference and unwanted birth (p<0.001). 3. The experimental group showed higher early experience score than the comparative group by sex, age, marital status and grown location (p<0.001). 4. When the subjects were included in the unemployed and in the middle or low classes and their parents were engaged in agriculture and commercial business and believing in buddhism or no-religion, showed higher experience score (p<0.001).
Aged* ; Agriculture ; Alcoholism ; Buddhism ; Child ; Child, Unwanted ; Commerce ; Daegu ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marital Status ; Mental Health* ; Mothers ; Parents ; Spouses