No abstract available.
Fathers* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Isolated infraspinatus tear is very rare and clinical features are not as well known, therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of isolated infraspinatus tear that authors experienced. METHODS: Authors reviewed 288 cases of full-thickness rotator cuff tear involving infraspinatus between 2010 and 2015, and retrospectively analyzed six cases of isolated infraspinatus tear. Perioperative clinical characteristics, postoperative functional outcomes of 6 months were investigated. Functional evaluation included visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motions, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and Constant score. RESULTS: Calcific tendinitis was accompanied in 4 cases (66.7%). Three of them received steroid injection or aspiration or extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Mean preoperative pain VAS was 7.1 (range, 5–9), and mean postoperative pain VAS at 6 months later was 1.6 (range, 0–5). Preoperative muscle strength by isokinetic muscle performance test showed 52% deficit of abduction and 37.6% deficit of external rotation. All 6 patients had arthroscopic repair of the infraspinatus tendon. All the patients at the 6 months follow-up exhibited clinical improvement in the Constant score (67.8 [range, 45–77] to 89.3 [range, 81–100], p=0.029), and ASES score (52.3 [range, 30–77] to 90.0 [range, 80–100], p=0.002). There was no healing failure on imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated infraspinatus tendon tear was frequently accompanied by calcific tendinitis, but pathophysiologic relationship should need more study. To rule out neurogenic etiology, magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography would be helpful. Arthroscopic infraspinatus tendon repair and supraspinatus debridement showed relatively good result in painful shoulder.
Debridement ; Elbow ; Electromyography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Strength ; Pain, Postoperative ; Retrospective Studies ; Rotator Cuff ; Rupture* ; Shoulder ; Surgeons ; Tears ; Tendinopathy ; Tendons

The corresponding author's name and E-mail address have been corrected. This article was corrected online. The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience cause.

No abstract available.

Recurrent episode of meningitis in infants and children frequently constitute a frustrating and distressing, both in determination of course and treatment. The authors are reporting a infected case of congenital dermal sinus with dermoid cyst in the subarachnoid space of cauda equina and conus medullaris which was cured after complete removal of cyst and sinus tract.
Cauda Equina ; Child ; Conus Snail ; Dermoid Cyst ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis ; Spina Bifida Occulta* ; Subarachnoid Space

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

No abstract available.
Cytogenetics* ; Down Syndrome* ; Humans

OBJECTIVES: Chronic alcohol consumption has been known to result in various neurocognitive deficits. Many neuropsychological studies revealed that the major disturbances occurred in the executive function learning and short-term memory. visuospatial performance function, perceptuo-motor skills and abstraction and problem solving abilities. This study was done to identify which cognitive areas might be mainly affected. METHODS: The cognitive disturbance was evaluated using the Korean Version of the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSEK) and the 7 Minute Screen(7MS) in male inpatients with alcohol dependence(N=31) as well as in age and education level matched healthy male controls(N=30) Four individual tests of the 7MS were consisted of the Benton Temporal Orientation Test the Enhanced Cued Recall, the Clock Drawing and the Category Fluency. RESULTS: 1) The average scores of four individual test of the 7MS for the alcoholics were 2.77+/-4.38 for the Benton Temporal Orientation Test. 13.90+/-2.02 for the Memory Test(the Cued Recall 6.77+/-1.94, the Uncued Recall 7.10+/-2.45), 5.84+/-1.86 for the Clock Drawing and 12.58+/-3.29 for the Category Fluency. Except the Benton Temporal Orientation Test, there were statistically significant differences between test scores of alcoholics and those of controls(p<0.01). 2) The alcoholics who had MMSE-K score<24 were 9.68%. The average(+/-S.D) score of the MMSE-K for the patient group(27.23+/-2.62) was significantly(p<0.001) lower than that of the healthy controls(29.20+/-1.24) There were no statistically significant differences between four individual test scores of the 7MS of alcoholics with the MMSE-K score<24(N=3) and those of alcoholics with the MMSE-K score > or =24(N=28) 3) Four individual test scores of the 7MS seemed to have statistically significant association with such variables as MMSE-K, duration of alcohol drinking blood magnesium concentration liver function and thyroid function. CONCLUSION: Mild deficits of cognitive areas such as orientation, memory, visuospatial abilities and verbal fluency could be found in alcohol dependence.
Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics* ; Alcoholism ; Education ; Executive Function ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Learning ; Liver ; Magnesium ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Memory ; Memory, Short-Term ; Problem Solving ; Thyroid Gland

No abstract available.
Microvascular Decompression Surgery*

The authors are reporting 16 cases of ossification of the thoracic ligamentum flavum. Thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum cause myelopathy as a result of pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots. The prominent symptoms were numbness of the foot or leg, motor weakness, sphincter disturbance and exaggerated tendon reflexes. The male to female ratio was 13:8 and the 5th decade was the most prevalent age group. The predominant regions involved were T9-T10 and T10-T11. Total larminectormy was performed in all patients and the prognosis was good in most cases. The thoracic ossified ligamentum flavum and neurologic disorders due to compression of the thoracic vertebrae by other diseases do not show much of a difference in terms of symptoms. In the past, due to the lack of knowledge of this disease, treatment was performed inapproapriately. However, at the present, with the improvement of CT and MRI and the increased recognition of this disease we believe that good prognosis can be made if appropriate treatment is delivered at the time of diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Foot ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Laminectomy ; Leg ; Ligamentum Flavum* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Nervous System Diseases ; Prognosis ; Reflex, Stretch ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Thoracic Vertebrae