No abstract available.
Gambling* ; Humans ; Inpatients*

No abstract available.
Gambling* ; Humans ; Inpatients*

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Heart*

No abstract available.
Central Nervous System Infections* ; Central Nervous System*

No abstract available.
Cytogenetics* ; Gestational Age*

No abstract available.

Liver function tests before treatment showed abnormalities of liver function tests during treatment, while 15(68. 2%) of 22 patients who had abnormal liver function tests before treatment showed abnormalities during treatment. In 12 of the 25 patients who showed abnormalities of liver function tests during treatment with allopurinol, allopurinol was stopped and all patients showed improvement of liver function tests. In remaining 13 patients, 10 patients were improved and other 2 patients showed only mild abnormalities of liver function tests despite of continuing allopurinol and 1 patient was lost during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Abnormalities of liver function tests were common during treatment with allopurinol. Most patiensts who had mild abnormalities of liver functions tests during treatment with allopurinol were improved regardless of continuing allopurinol.
Allopurinol* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gout* ; Humans ; Liver Function Tests* ; Liver*

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to develop and optimize solenoid coil for animal- model in 3 T MRI system and investigate and compare with the birdcage coil concerning the image quality with the various parameters such as SNR and Q-factor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Solenoid coil for animal-model was made on the acryl structure (diameter 4 cm, length 10 cm) 3 times-winding cooper tape of width 2 cm , thickness 0.05 cm and length 10 cm with 2 cm interval between winded tapes. Capacitors from 2 pF to 100 pF were used, and the solenoid coil was designed for receiver only coil. RESULTS: SNR of the developed solenoid was 985 in CuSO4 0.7 g/L and 995 in rat experiment. Q-factor was 84-89 in unloaded condition and 203-206 in loaded condition. CONCLUSION: The resolution of the image obtained from solenoid was relatively higher than that of the conventional birdcage coil. In addition, the homogeneity of RF field by coil simulation was significantly excellent. The present study demonstrated that the solenoid coil could be useful to obtain small animal images with better contrast, resolution, visibility than images from birdcage.
Animals* ; Magnetic Fields* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Rats ; Wind

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between suicidal behavior and patterns of alcohol consumption in Korean adults. METHODS: This study was based on data provided by the Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey from 2007 to 2011. A total of 42 347 subjects were included in the study, of whom 19 292 were male and 23 055 were female. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between patterns of alcohol consumption and suicidal behavior. RESULTS: Among the study subjects, 1426 males (11.3%) and 3599 females (21.2%) had experienced suicidal ideation, and 106 males (0.8%) and 190 females (1.1%) had attempted suicide during the previous 12 months. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores were found to be associated with suicidal ideation in males and associated with both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in females. Alcoholic blackouts were associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in males, and were also associated with suicidal ideation in females. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found that certain patterns of alcohol consumption were associated with suicidal behaviors. In particular, only alcoholic blackouts and categorized AUDIT scores were found to be associated with suicidal behavior in males. We therefore suggest that further research is needed to examine this relationship prospectively and in other settings.
Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking/*psychology ; Alcohol-Related Disorders/pathology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Demography ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nutrition Surveys ; Republic of Korea ; Sex Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suicide, Attempted/*psychology/statistics & numerical data

BACKGROUND: The eyelids are uniquely susceptible to inflammation. Although eyelid dermatitis is common by various causes, there are few comprehensive studies on this disease in the Korean literature. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the causative disease for eyelid dermatitis in Koreans. METHODS: Medical records of patients with eyelid dermatitis treated between 2006 and 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS: Four hundred and five patients (152 males and 303 females) were enrolled in this study, and the mean age of onset was 32.7 (range: 0~84). The most common causes of eyelid dermatitis were allergic contact dermatitis (42.6%), atopic dermatitis (27.9%), irritant contact dermatitis (12.7%), seborrheic dermatitis (8.6%), insect bite (2.4%), etc., in the order of frequency. In the 194 patients of eyelid dermatitis caused by allergic contact dermatitis, 98 patients (50.5%) were in the 30's to 50's, and 120 patients (94.5%) of the 127 patients with atopic dermatitis were under thirty years of age. The frequency of causative diseases for eyelid dermatitis in men were atopic dermatitis (44.7%), allergic contact dermatitis (23.7%) and irritant contact dermatitis (12.5%), and those in women were allergic contact dermatitis (52.1%), atopic dermatitis (19.5%) and irritant contact dermatitis (12.9%). There was a seasonal variation with frequency in fall (30.3%) and spring (26.4%). Among the 341 patients who were followed up, 294 patients (86.2%) showed good response to treatment, but 64 patients (21.8%) of the improved 294 patients relapsed. Four patients experienced adverse effects including irritation (3 cases) and folliculitis (1 case) after using topical glucocorticoids. CONCLUSION: The frequency of eyelid dermatitis decreased by age. Eyelid dermatitis was more common in women, but the ratio of males to females was increased compared with previous reports. The most common causes of eyelid dermatitis were allergic contact dermatitis, atopic dermatitis and irritant contact dermatitis, which were similar with the results of previous reports. Eyelid dermatitis was more common in fall and spring. The recurrence rate was relatively high, but adverse effects of topical corticosteroids were unusual. This study will be useful for clinicians when treating patients with eyelid dermatitis.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Age of Onset ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Dermatitis, Seborrheic ; Eyelids ; Female ; Folliculitis ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Insect Bites and Stings ; Male ; Medical Records ; Recurrence ; Seasons