Pacemaker Runaway is a rare, but potentially lethal complication after pacemaker implantation. Pacemaker runaway was one of the common manifestations of malfunctioning pacemaker at the time of fixed rate pacemaker, but has been less common after the demand type pacemaker had replaced the fixed rate model. The early recognition of runaway pacemaker is very important because runaway pacemaker can cause bradyarrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia-fibrillation and asystole resulting in syncope or death. We report a clinical experience of runaway pacemaker in 68 year-old woman, who received permanent pacemaker implantation(fixed rate 72/min, VVI, Micropulse 22U, Edwards system) due to sick sinus syndrome eight years ago. She complained of sudden chest tightness and dyspnea 10 days prior to admission. On physical examination, increased jugular venous pressure, rapid heart beats, basal rales on both lung fields and three finger-breath tender hepatomegaly. Electrocardiogram showed a rapid pacemaker rhythm of 140 beats per minute. So, the malfunctioning pacemaker was removed and replaced with a new programmable demand type pacemaker(VVI, OPTIMA-MP, Telectronics) in the same pocket under the diagnosis of pacemaker runaway. Her subject symptoms were relieved and electrocardiogram showed a regular pacemaker rhythm of 71 BPM. She was discharged ten days after pacemaker replacement.
Aged ; Bradycardia ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Arrest ; Hepatomegaly ; Homeless Youth* ; Humans ; Lung ; Physical Examination ; Respiratory Sounds ; Sick Sinus Syndrome ; Syncope ; Thorax ; Venous Pressure

We descrive a 23-year-old female of 46, XXqi Turner's syndrome associated with large atrial sepatal defect(secundum type) and mitral valve prolapse who was admitted due to amenorrhea, sexual infantilism and exertional dyspnea. This patient had only one spontaneous menstrual period at the age of 15 and had a short stature without webbed neck. Chromosomal aberrations cause primarily structural defects of cardiovasculaqr system, and a variety of structural aberrations involving the X chromosome and cause partial or complete Turner's syndrome. In Turner's syndrome, bicuspid aortic valve or coarctaton of aorta is frequently combined, also aortic root dilatation, partial anomalous venous drainage, hypoplastic left heart and ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect has been reported. However, this patient had not abnormalities in aortic valve and whole aorta. Atrial septal defect simultaneously with mitral valve prolapse in 46 XXqi Turner's syndrome have not been reported in Korea. We report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Amenorrhea ; Aorta ; Aortic Valve ; Bicuspid ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Dilatation ; Drainage ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Humans ; Korea ; Mitral Valve Prolapse ; Mitral Valve ; Neck ; Sexual Infantilism ; Turner Syndrome ; X Chromosome ; Young Adult

Amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing neuronal death through apoptosis. In this study, the neuroprotective role of BF-7, extracted form sericultural product, was examined against A beta -induced toxicity in cultured human neuronal cell SKN-SH. In order to know if the BF-7 has positive role on the cognition and memory in human, the mixture of BF-7, DHA and EPA (BDE) was examined using Rey Kim and K-WAIS test with 50 healthy high school student. We report here that BDE significantly attenuated A beta-induced apoptosis through the reduction of ROS accumulation, and diminished caspase-like protease activity. Moreover, the memory index and memory preservation, and attentative concentration of BDE treated group for 1 month were significantly improved, in contrast to the case of placebo control treated with DHA and EPA. This result represent that the BF-7 play significant positive role on learning memory. Taken together, our result suggested the natural product BF-7 is a good substance for the brain functionally and physiologically.
Alzheimer Disease ; Amyloid ; Amyloid beta-Peptides ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; Cognition ; Humans ; Learning ; Memory ; Neurons