No abstract available.
Pancreatic Polypeptide*

No abstract available.
Hypoglycemia*

No abstract available.
Hypothyroidism*

Careful history taking, clinical course of the disease, and neurological examination are mandatory to differentiate cerebrovascular disease from other neurological diseases or even from non-neurological diseases. Cerebrovascular diseases can be classified as ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. More specified classification of ischemic stroke according to the presumptive ischemic mechanism may be helpful to the treatment and secondary prevention. The unique clinical characteristics of ischemic stroke of different subtypes and diagnostic tests are described.
Cerebrovascular Disorders* ; Classification ; Diagnosis* ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Neurologic Examination ; Secondary Prevention ; Stroke

No abstract available.
Nitric Oxide*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Leukocytes*

No abstract available.
Hypopituitarism*

Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of repetitive, stereotyped limb movements that occur during sleep. There have been a few reports on this condition developing after a stroke, but the movements in these reports were not prodromal stroke symptoms. We describe a case in which PLMS developed as a prodromal stroke symptom. A 78-year-old man experienced right hemiplegia and dysarthria following left striatocapsular infarct. After acute care, he was transferred to our center for rehabilitation. During rehabilitation, he complained of right-side involuntary leg movements during sleep. According to his history, it had been developed 10 days before the appearance of right hemiplegia. Polysomnography confi rmed the diagnosis of PLMS. We propose that PLMS can be a prodromal stroke symptom resulting from a pyramidal tract lesion without involvement of sensory components.

Hypercalcemia complicating the treatment of fractures is occasionally seen by the orthopedic surgeon. That this complication can occur in immobilized patients with pre-existing metabolic and bone diseases, such as Pagets disease, hyperparathyroidism, multiple myeloma, and the like is well established. It is less well recognized, however, that hypercalcemia can complicate immobilization in patients with no evidence of pre-existing metabolic and bone diseases. The calcium mobilization from the skeleton following immobilization is reflected clinically hypercalciuria, but significant elevation of serum calcium level does not generally occur in normal persons in complete bed rest or in patients with no pre-existing metabolic or bone diseases who are immobilized in the body cast for treatment of fractures. In order to ascertain the above facts, following experiments were carried out in 24 patients who were immobilized after fracture or operation. In each patient, calcium and phosphate levels in serum and 24-hour urine were determined both before and 20 to 30 days after immobilization. The results obtained are summerized as follows; 1) Calcium levels in both serum and 24-hour urine are increased following immobilization, the mean value being 1.17mg percent and 168. 6mg, respectively, with no concomitant increase of phosphate in serum and 24-hour urine. 2) It is also suggested that the amounts of increase in calcium levels in serum and urine are influenced solely by the extent of immobilization and not dependent upon the presence or abscence of pre-existing bone diseases or age.
Bed Rest ; Bone Diseases ; Calcium ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hypercalciuria ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Immobilization ; Multiple Myeloma ; Orthopedics ; Skeleton