We performed 3 cases of pudendal-thigh flaps in patients with congenital absence of the vagina from June, 1996 through February, 1999. Pudendal-thigh flaps are posterior labial artery axial flaps based on the terminal vessels of the internal pudendal artery. The flaps are raised bilaterally in the groin crease just lateral to the labia majora and are then transposed toward the midline and sutured together to form a neovagina. With adequate flap dissection, reliable blood supply is maintained. Thus, complications such as flap necrosis do not occur and early wound healing is possible. It is s relatively simple technique which can be completed with little blood loss. This method can be completed in one stage, and the prolonged use of stents of dilators is not necessary, since the reconstructed vagina is stable. The linear scars of the donor sites are well hidden in the groin crease and perineum. Normal function is maintained postoperatively without change in sensation. The authors report these methods with a review of the literature.
Arteries ; Cicatrix ; Groin ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Perineum ; Sensation ; Stents ; Tissue Donors ; Vagina ; Wound Healing

This retrospective study was performed to assess CT scan findings of pancratic cancer and its ability todetermine resectability. CT scans of 41 patients, who were diagnosed to have pancreatic cancer on histological orclinical base, were reviewed. Most common findings were; focal pancreatic enlargement, diffuse pancreaticenlargement, loss of distinct contour, peripancretic fat obliteration, bile duct or pancreatic duct dilatation,vascular invasion, lymph node involvement, direct invasion of adjacent organs and distant metastasis.Resectability was assessed according to generally accepted CT findings such as small pancreatic mass lesion havingnormal lobulated contour of pancreas, no evidence of vascular invasion, no evidence lymph node involvement andfree of distant metastasis. With the criteria, 5 cases among 41 cases deemed to be resectable. However onoperation all cases were found unresectable indicating prediction of tumor resectability is difficult even withhelp of CT. Nonetheless CT would be very helpful in management of patients having pancreatic cancer since CT wouldshorten the diagnostic procedures of pancreatic cancer.
Bile Ducts ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Ascites* ; Hernia, Umbilical* ; Leiomyoma*

Zygomatic arch fracture is one of the most commonly seen facial bone fractures and there have been many methods of reduction designed so far. However, for a simple fracture, the Gillies temporal approach is most commonly used because of the easy reducibility, and also because the depressed fracture can be approached without a facial incision. The Gillies temporal approach starts in the temporal area, between the temporalis muscle and deep temporal fascia. We have developed a new route which starts in the postauricular hair margin area and then reaches to the periosteum of the temporal bone. An elevator is then inserted to penetrate the periosteum and subperiosteal dissection is performed toward the zygomatic process of the temporal bone. At the origin of the zygomatic process, the route of dissection changes to the posterior aspect of the zygomatic arch using a curved palate elevator or the authors' modified Langenbeck elevator. This method of approach has been used in 6 cases of zygomatic arch fracture with good results and we report this method along with written reports.
Elevators and Escalators ; Facial Bones ; Fascia ; Hair ; Palate ; Periosteum ; Temporal Bone ; Zygoma*

Dried specimens of the genus Inocybe collected from mountain areas throughout the Korean country from 1982 to 1998 and preserved in NIAST were investigated. Out of them, Inocybe hystrix were confirmed as an unrecorded species in Korea. In 1991 Lee et al., previously recorded Inocybe kasukayamensis only with its scientific name and korean common name. In this study we report it with full descriptions of morphological characteristics and diagnosis of micro-structures of this species.
Diagnosis ; Korea* ; Porcupines

Eating ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures ; Respiration ; Tooth ; Violence

Contusions ; Facial Bones ; Facial Nerve ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; Facial Paralysis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lacerations ; Orbit ; Salivary Glands ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical findings and the results of an electrophysiological study in seven patients with a systemic necrotizing vasculitis and neuropathy. METHOD: Clinical and electrophysiological studies were performed in seven patients of whom three had a polyarteritis nodosa, other three a Churg-Strauss syndrome, and one an overlapping syndrome. RESULTS: In the electrophysiological study, five patients presented an overlapping multiple mononeuropathy, one a multiple mononeuropathy and the other one a distal symmetric polyneuropathy. The neuropathies were mainly axonopathies with a decreased amplitude of compound motor action potential and sensory nerve action potential; however one patient showed the conduction blocks in the tested nerves. In electromyography, the most prominent feature was a neurogenic pattern with fibrillation potentials and reduced recruitments. No patient had a myopathic pattern. CONCLUSION: The most prominent features of the systemic necrotizing vasculitis patients with neuropathy were the axonopathic findings in the nerve conduction studies and neurogenic pattern in the electromyographic studies. Electrodiagnostic study was helpful for the diagnosis of vasculitic neuropathy, however further studies would be necessary to clarify the characteristics of the neuropathy of polyarteritis nodosa and the Churg-Strauss syndrome.
Action Potentials ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome ; Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Mononeuropathies ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases* ; Polyarteritis Nodosa ; Polyneuropathies ; Vasculitis*

No abstract available.
Female ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer*

The human head form has always been one of the main interests of the visual art and its artistic representation has been different from era to era, place to place, and individual artist to artist. The proportion of the head and face used by artists is different from the actual proportion in that it was developed to represent the ideal form. Though anthropometry is useful method to establish standards, the data of anthropometry are too complex and detailed to be directly applied to the field of art. This study was performed to present the anthropometry -based standard Korean face which can be utilized in visual arts. Fourteen hundred Korean profiles (630 males and 770 females) were investigated. Ten anthropometrical landmarks were selected and the distance between these points was measured. Nine indexes were developed from these measurements. Actual size of the face was measured for 2 categories, and photographs of face was used for 10 categories including 2 non -metric traits were determined. All measured values were significantly greater in males. Lower face -upper lip index and middle face -ear index were greater in male, however ear index was greater in female. Though the sexual difference in those indexes were statistically significant, when visualized on the canvas, it cannot be distinguished male from female based on those indexes. In individual facial profile, the alare was situated in front of the line which connecting the glabella and the cheilion in 40% and 70% of male and female, respectively. The cheilion was situated in front of that line in two third of both male and female. A cheek covered the alare in 62% of female, much higher percentage compared to the 27% in male. Generally cheek of older individual had more tendency to cover the alare. Data of this study showed difference from those of the Caucasian in all 9 indexes. Especially total head height -length index and middle face -lower face index were strikingly different and can be characteristic features worth considering when visualizing Korean. The representation of Korean face has been subject to the image that the artist himself had perceived. The proportion of the profile of Korean face may be used as an important reference for artists.
Anthropometry ; Cheek ; Ear ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Lip ; Male