Osteoporosis causes a decrease in bone mineral density. To overcome the decrease in fixation strength, a variety of techniques and devices have been developed, including cement augmentation of pedicle screws. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), is commonly known as bone cement, and is widely used for implant fixation in various orthopaedic and spine surgery. In general, PMMA augmentation of pedicle screws is simple and safe if performed with technical precautions. PMMA is a safe agent, but it may rarely lead to significant foreign body reactions. In this report, we present a patient who developed bone cement-related epidural space foreign body granuloma
Osteoporosis

Maroteaux and Lamy coined the term Pycnodysostosis derived from the Greek, Pycnos (thick or dense), Dys (defective), and Ostosis (bone). The principal characters of this syndrome are short stature, dysplasis of the skull, obtuse manibular angle, dysplastic clavicles,partial or total aplasia of the terminal phalanges, and generalized increased roentgenographic density of the skeleton. Patient so affected are predisposed to fracture. Pycnodysostosis seems to be a genetic disorder, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Here, it is reported a case of incidental finding of pycondysostosis with chronic renal failure in 12 years old girl.
Female ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Numismatics ; Pycnodysostosis ; Skeleton ; Skull

Neuroblastoma is a malignant tumor of sympathetic nerve origin. They are derived from sympathetic formative cells, the primitive neuroblasts that have failed to mature. They may be located wherever sympathetic nerve tissue is found, The majority of cases occured in the suprarenal medulla, posterior mediastinum, and orbit. The tumor metastasized early by the hematogenous or lympathic route, or both to skeletal system, liver, and skin, etc. Since the vast majority of children with neuroblastoma have local or distant metastases at the time of original diagnosis, the clinical manifestation and the prognosis are variable. The age distribution is from birth to 19 years old. Many methods of treatment of neuroblastoma have been advocated such as surgical excision,roentgen thrapy, and its combipation therapy but the effect is questionable. Here, it is reported a case of neuroblastoma with systemic skeletal metastasis originated from posterior mediastinum in 8 years old girl.
Age Distribution ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nerve Tissue ; Neuroblastoma ; Orbit ; Parturition ; Prognosis ; Skin

The metallic failure is one of the annoying problems after fracture surgery. The seventeen cases of metallic failures after compression plate fixation were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine between January, 1980 and December, 1988. The results were summerized as follows: l. Among 17 cases, 12(70.5%) were under 40 years of age and 14(80%) were male patients. 2. The sites of fracture of the seventeen cases; 12 femurs, 3 tibiae, and 2 radii. Of the cases, there were breakage of plates in 13 cases, bending 1 case and failure of screw in 3 cases. 3. The pattern of fracture: communited fracture
Femur ; Fractures, Bone ; Fractures, Open ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; Radius ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

In a series of 20 young rats, three cortical lesions were made in each hemisphere. Two of these lesions were filled with avitene and gelfoam, while the third was left empty as a control. The animals were killed successively on weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 after the operation. The results were as follows : 1) Although there was no difference in the type of tissue reactions, avitene was more rapid and profound than gelfoam in the process and degree of inflammatory reaction at the same periods. 2) Avitene biodegradaded more rapidly than gelfoam. 3) The extent of fibrosis and adhesion to the surrounding brain tissues were not grossly different between these two agents but more profound histopathologically in avitene at the same periods. With these results, we could conclude that the avitene was superior to the gelfoam as the hemostatic agent in neurosurgical area.
Animals ; Brain* ; Collagen ; Fibrosis ; Gelatin Sponge, Absorbable ; Rats

Kaposi's sarcoma is a rare tumor comprising 0.1 per cent of all malignancies worldwide. There is, however, an increased ineidence following renal transplantation, immunosupression and in the acquried immunodeficency syndrome(AIDS) Kaposi's sarcoma has been shown to involve every organ of the body except the brain. Gastrointesinal involvement is the most common extracutaneous site of involvement. Gaatrointesinal Kaposis sarcoma is preaent in approximately half of patients with cutaneous Kaposis sarcoma and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS). Although usually asymptomatic, gastrointestinal Kaposi's sarcoma may cause pain, bleeding, diarrhea, obstruction, intussusception, perforation. malabsorption, and protein-losing enteropathy. Three distinct gastroscopic appearances of Kaposi's sarcoma have been described: maculopapular, polypoid, and umbilicated nodular lesions. We report a case of Kaposis sarcoma of the stomach.
Brain ; Diarrhea ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Kidney Transplantation ; Protein-Losing Enteropathies ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Stomach*

The potential of malignant melanoma to metastasize to all parts of the body is well known. Metastatic melanoma of the stomach may present with vague gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominai pain, or gastrointestinal bleeding. When gastrointestinal symptoms occur in a patient with known melanoma, gastric metastases should be considered. Melanoma metastatic to the stomach develops multiple small ulcerating masses. These sharply delineated submucosal lesions have been described as having a "bull's eye" or "target" configuration. Barium X-ray study, endoscopy, cytology study, and biopsy may yield the diagnosis. The prognosis is poor. We report a case of metastatic melanoma of the stomach with the review of the literature.
Barium ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopy ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Melanoma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Stomach* ; Ulcer

This is a retrospective review of our experience with endoscopic extraction of 20 cases of foreign body on the upper gastrointestinal tract at sanggye paik hospital from Oct. 1989 to Nov. 1993. Among 20 cases, 3 cases were under 5years of age and 17 cases were over 27years of age. 9 cases (45%) were located in the esophagus, 8 cases (40%) were in the stomach and 3 cases (15%) were in the duodenum. All children (100%) have true foreign body, almost of all adults (82%) have food-related foreign body. Dysphagia with chest pain or vomiting was the most common symptom in the esophageal foreign body. Epigastric pain and vomiting or hematemesis were common symptoms in the stomach or duodenal foreign body, All of the esophageal foreign body (100%) were extracted within 72 hours, most of all (91%) stomach and duodenal foreign body were extracted after 72 hours.
Adult ; Chest Pain ; Child ; Deglutition Disorders ; Duodenum ; Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies* ; Hematemesis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Vomiting

BACKGROUND: The somatosensory evoked blink reflex(SBR) is a newly reported blink reflex elicited by electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves. Although it has been thought that SBR is a release phenomenon transmitted via brainstem reticular formation, the actual pathophysiological mechanism still remains unknown. In this study we investigated the correlation between the somatosensory evoked blink reflex and specific type of diseases where it was well documented. METHODS: SBR was examined on 118 patients, having various neurologic diseases; 39 cases with hemifacial spasm, 26 cases with parkinson's disease, 12 cases with dystonia, 19 cases with stroke, 17 cases with peripheral neuropathy, and 5 cases with other diseases. Somatosensory evoked blink reflex can be obtained by electrical stimuli on median nerves. Latency and amplitude of the SBR was measured by inspection of superimposed responses. RESULTS: Among the 118 patients, SBR was presented in 23 patients. The somatosensory evoked blink reflex was seen most often in hemifacial spasm, parkinson's disease and dystonia. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the somatosensory evoked blink reflex was not usually elicitable but it was relatively well presented in specific diseases which were known to have increased excitability of the blink reflex pathway.
Blinking* ; Brain Stem ; Dystonia ; Electric Stimulation ; Hemifacial Spasm ; Humans ; Median Nerve ; Parkinson Disease ; Peripheral Nerves ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; Reticular Formation ; Stroke