No abstract available.
Female ; Obstetric Labor, Premature* ; Pregnancy ; Ritodrine*

To study the isolation and purification and proliferation of the cell in cell culture system, and to develop an improved culture method by a modified cell isolation technique and modified culture medium. The RPE cells were cultured in 3 different mediums: type I(MEM medium with 20% FCS) type II(F-10 medium with 20% FCS) and type III(DMEM medium with 10% FCS, EGF, hydrocortisone, insulin, ethanolamine, phosphoethanolamine, chorea toxin, triiodotyronine, adenine, transferrin and BPE). We compared population doubling(P.D.), population doubling time(P.D.T), morphologic changes and phagocytic activity during a 7week period. Rapid proliferation and high purity of retinal pigment epithelial cells(RPE cells) showed in type III culture medium. Type III culture medium presented the best results in P.D., P.D.T. and cell purification. In type III culture medium, single RPE cells produced about 6 X 10(7) RPE cells in the 7week period and morphology and phagocytic activity were well maintained, when UV-B irradiation at RPE was used to produce melanin, it had no effect, but the RPE cell was inhibited by UV-B irradiation. This improved culture method for RPE cells will provide a good in-vitro model for the studies of biochemistry, cellular function of the RPE cell, as well as its clinical application in eye disease.
Adenine ; Biochemistry ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Separation ; Chorea ; Epidermal Growth Factor ; Epithelial Cells* ; Ethanolamine ; Eye Diseases ; Hydrocortisone ; Insulin ; Melanins ; Retinaldehyde* ; Transferrin

Bacterial endophthalmitis is an ocular emergency that requires rapid diagnosis and therapeutic decision making. The introdection of intravitreal injection of antibiotics has been a major advancement because it has resulted in a marked improvement in visual outcome. The intravitreal injection of steroids may be potentially useful in the treatment of endophthalmitis and other ocular inflammatory diseases. Forty eyes of pigmented rabbits were used, and divided into two groups. Group I was eyes without vitrectomy. In the right eye, 100 microliter of 1mgvancomycin, 400 microliter amikacin and 400 microliter dexamethasone injected was done. Group II was eyes with vitrectomy and lensectomy. At 2 weeks after lens and vitreous removal, rabbit eyes received an injection of a combination of 1mg vancomycin, 400 microliter amikacin and 400 microliter dexamethasone in right eye and BSS in left eye. The effect of combination injection was examined by light and transmission, scanning electron microscope at 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks and 6 weeks following injection. The injection of combination without vitrectomy produced no toxicity. After injections of either combination or BSS after vitrectomy, macrophages were observed on the surface of retinal pigment epithelium and disorganized outer segments. This finding seems to be produced by vitrectomy procedure rather than drug toxicity. These results supports the hypothesis that the injection of these combinations is not toxic to aphakic/vitrectomized eyes.
Amikacin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Decision Making ; Dexamethasone* ; Diagnosis ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Emergencies ; Endophthalmitis ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macrophages ; Rabbits ; Retinal Pigment Epithelium ; Steroids ; Vancomycin ; Vitrectomy*

OBJECTIVE: To measure the lumbar segmental range of motion (ROM) with 3-dimensional motion analysis system and compare the results with radiologic ROM measurements. METHOD: Ten healthy adult volunteers were included. We attached surface markers at the corresponding skin surface of each lumbar vertebral bodies and measured lumbar segmental ROM in flexion-extension, right bending, left bending, axial rotation with 3-D motion analysis. We compared some of the results with radiologic segmental ROM measurements. RESULTS: In 3-D motion analysis, segmental ROM of flexion and extension, right bending, left bending, right rotation, left rotation were, respectively: 10.1degrees, 45degrees, 3.5degrees, 1.7degrees and 1.9degrees(L1-L2); 17.9degrees, 6.2degrees, 5.1degrees, 1.4degrees and 1.1degrees (L2-L3); 15.0degrees, 7.2degrees, 4.9degrees, 2.1degrees and 1.1degrees (L3-L4); 14.9degrees, 5.8degrees, 4.6degrees, 1.7degree and 1.6degree (L4-L5); 10.6degrees, 4.9degrees, 3.8degree, 2.6degree and 0.8degree (L5-S1). There was no statistically significant difference in segmental ROM between 3-D motion analysis measurements and radiologic measurements except L5-S1 right bending, L2-L3 and L5-S1 left bending. No statistical significant difference in lumbar flexion and bending ROM was found between two methods. CONCLUSION: 3-D motion analysis is a useful method when measuring the lumbar segmental range of motion and it has an advantage to analyze segmental lumbar motion with three directions simultaneously.
Adult* ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular* ; Skin ; Volunteers

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic, which prompts a consensus for the necessity to seek risk factors for this critical disease. Risk factors affecting mortality of the disease remain elusive. Diabetes and hyperglycemia are known to negatively affect a host’s antiviral immunity. We evaluated the relationship between a history of diabetes, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels and mortality among severely ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that assessed 106 adult inpatients (aged ≥18 years) from two tertiary hospitals in Daegu, South Korea. The participants were transferred to tertiary hospitals because their medical condition required immediate intensive care. The demographic and laboratory data were compared between COVID-19 patients who survived and those who did not. Results: Compared with the survivor group, age, and the proportions of diabetes, chronic lung disease and FPG were significantly higher in the deceased group. In the Cox proportional hazards regression model for survival analysis, FPG level and age were identified as significant predictors of mortality (P<0.05). The threshold values for predicting high mortality were age >68 years and FPG of 168 mg/dL, respectively. Among those without diabetes, high FPG remained a significant predictor of mortality (P<0.04). Conclusion High FPG levels significantly predicted mortality in COVID-19, regardless of a known history of diabetes. These results suggest intensive monitoring should be provided to COVID-19 patients who have a high FPG level.

In situ follicular lymphoma is a newly defined entity among the lymphoid neoplasms and is defined as architecturally normal-appearing lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues that have one or more follicles that demonstrate bcl-2 overexpressing centrocytes and centroblasts, with or without a monomorphic cytologic appearance suggestive of follicular lymphoma. Here we present a case of in situ follicular lymphoma diagnosed during the follow-up after a complete response to the treatment of lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. In our case, because only a few germinal centers contained bcl-2 overexpressing cells, we missed the diagnosis of in situ follicular lymphoma in the initial histological examination. We could establish the diagnosis only after performing bcl-2 immunostaining in the sequential biopsy. Therefore, we recommend that careful histological examination along with bcl-2 immunostaining is needed in patients with suspicious clinical findings.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinal Center ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; Precancerous Conditions

A 34 year old male patient underwent emergency operation of tracheal resection and primary end-to-end anastomosis to correct of tracheal stenosis following tracheostomy. On admission, a No. 3 Magill plastic Portex tracheostomy tube had been placed in the previous tracheostomy opening. Stenotic narrowing was noted 4 cm above carina. Despite of severe narrowing of the lesion, anesthetic course was uneventful with nitrous oxide, oxygen and halothane by controlled respiration and serial blood gas analyses. Postoperative courses were also favorable with adequate respiratory cares. It is mandatory to perform serial blood gas analyses for the management of corrective operation on tracheal stenosis.
Adult ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Emergencies ; Halothane ; Humans ; Male ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Plastics ; Respiration ; Tracheal Stenosis* ; Tracheostomy

The present study was undertaken to find out the role of NO on cataractogenesis in the experimenally-induced uveitis(EIU) model. Nitrite and nitrate, stable oxidative products of nitric oxide(NO), were measured in the aqueous humor and the progression of inflammations and lens opacities were evaluated with slit lamp biomicroscope. Immunoperoxidase staining and immunofluorescent staining for inducible NO synthase(iNOS) and peroxynitrite were performed to confirm the site of production of NO and peroxynitrite. The grades of inflammation were peaked at 24 hours inflammation was gradually decreased after 48 hours and lens opacity after 72 hours. These changes returned to the baseline level by one week after LPS injection. Similarly, NO concentration in aqueous humor was peaked at 24 hours. And it was then decreased after 48 hours and returned to the baseline level by one week. These inflammatory signs and lens opacities were significantly decreased in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME) administrated group. Inflammatory cells in anterior chamber, iris, and ciliary body expressed highly iNOS which was coincide with peroxynitrite immunolocalization. Therefore, these results suggest that cataract formation in EIU is related to the NO production in aqueous humor. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation by peroxynitrite is possibly related with cataractogenesis in EIU. But, we need a further evaluation to seek the relationship between cataractogenesis and increased nitric oxide concentration, combined with studies of other biochemical changes in anterior chamber and lens.
Anterior Chamber ; Aqueous Humor ; Cataract* ; Ciliary Body ; Inflammation ; Iris ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitroarginine ; Peroxynitrous Acid ; Uveitis*

To determine the effects of Haemaccel upon liver, kidney, serum electrolytos and hemostatic functions, 500 ml. of 3.5% Haemaccel solution was administered intravenously to 20 patients during elective surgery. In all cases estimated blood loss was less than 600 ml. without replacement. RBC, WBC, hemoglobin; hematocrit, ESR, platelet, bleeding time, coagulation time and prothrombin time were determined immediately before, and again 30 minutes and 5 hours after infusion; and total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, sodium and potassium were ehecked immediately before, and again 5 hours and 24 hours after the end of infusion. The results are as follows: 1) No anaphylactic shock or bleeding tendency characteristic of colloids was encountered. 2) No functional disturbances of liver or kidney directly attributable to Haemaccel were identified. 3) No pathological changes were noted in general laboratpry parameters except for elevated ESR, probably due to decreased blood viscosity, dilution of blood and to pseudoagglutination of red cells.
Alanine Transaminase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Anaphylaxis ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Bleeding Time ; Blood Platelets ; Blood Viscosity ; Clinical Study* ; Colloids ; Hematocrit ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Polygeline* ; Potassium ; Prothrombin Time ; Sodium

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a disease involving the proliferation of atypical smooth muscle cells trom the perilymphatics, peribronchial and perivascular region of the lung and the retroperitneum. The disease usually affects women of child-bearing age. We recently experienced a case of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis in a 31-year-old women who had suffered from a chylous pleural effusion. Histologic confirmation of lymphangioleiomyomatosis was made upon a video-associated thoracoscopic lung biopsy. Here we report this case with a brief review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphangioleiomyomatosis* ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Pleural Effusion*