1.5. How Should They Respond to the Suffering of Patients with Illnesses That They Themselves Have Not Experienced?
Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University ; Satoru TSUNETO ; Shizuma TSUCHIYA
Medical Education 2022;53(4):361-367
Physicians are expected to listen and respond to their suffering patients. But how should they respond to the suffering of patients with illnesses that they themselves have not experienced? The scope of palliative care has expanded to emphasize the provision of palliative care to patients with "SERIOUS ILLNESS," regardless of whether or not they are cured. In addition to cancer, physicians have had to deal with the suffering of patients with heart failure, respiratory failure, cerebrovascular disease, etc., but their treating physicians are still clueless about how to face their suffering and how to respond to their suffering. Whole Person Care is a systematic educational program to enable people to face their suffering patients by helping them to adjust to their own condition. This paper provides an overview of "Responding to Patient Suffering".
2.Experiencing Patient-Centered Medicine through the Practice of Inter-Professional Education (IPE) in Undergraduate Medical Education
Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University ; Masaya IWAMURO ; Nobuyoshi HANAYAMA ; Hiroko OGAWA ; Mikako OBIKA ; Hironori NAKURA ; Fumio OTSUKA
Medical Education 2022;53(6):531-536
This study examined whether medical students were able to consider themselves to have practiced patient-centered team medicine through the practice of small group IPE. Undergraduate medical, pharmacy, and nursing students during Clinical Clerkship were asked to complete case-based clinical reasoning and treatment/nursing planning in small groups, and a questionnaire was administered to the IPE. The medical students felt that they were able to practice clinical reasoning and treatment planning, the pharmacy students felt that they were able to propose countermeasures against side effects of treatment, and the nursing students felt that they were able to provide necessary information to the medical team and practice patient-centered medicine with the medical team. Each department had different objectives they considered when practicing team-based medicine. It is important to incorporate each of these elements in IPE.
3.1. History of Curriculum Development at McGill University Faculty of Medicine and Training Medical Professionals for the Role of "Healer"
Shizuma TSUCHIYA ; Satoru TSUNETO ; Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Medical Education 2022;53(4):329-335
The Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at McGill University in Canada there has always been an exploration of effective curriculum development that adapts to new eras and aims to encourage medical students to understand how to enhance patients' well-being. In particular, the current MDCM curriculum, which launched in 2013, offers impressive programs at a conceptual level and at a curricular level. These programs explicate to students two roles for physicians who wish to place their patient's wellbeing at the center of their work: professional and healing. This article introduces the history of curriculum development in the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences at McGill University and explores how universities in Japan can develop healing curricula in each context.
4.2. How can We Establish Mindfulness Education for Future Healthcare Professions?
Shizuma TSUCHIYA ; Satoru TSUNETO ; Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Medical Education 2022;53(4):337-343
Mindfulness can be defined as awareness of physical and psychological processes in a nonjudgmental way. The purpose of adapting the ideas of mindfulness in health professions education is twofold. First, mindfulness education can develop stress management skills and self-care ability. Consequently, it can promote personal and professional identity formation. Second, mindfulness education can urge future healthcare professionals to improve the quality of patient care. Thus, this article will present practical reports from three medical schools that introduced mindfulness education for developing stress management skills and improving patient care and then discuss how universities can establish mindfulness education for future healthcare professions.
5.3. Educational Objectives and Methods of Whole Person Care
Satoru TSUNETO ; Shizuma TSUCHIYA ; Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Medical Education 2022;53(4):345-351
Whole Person Care education at McGill University aims to develop competent and compassionate physicians who can relate as a whole person to facilitate healing and provide better medical care to their patients. A step-by-step approach is adopted for the education throughout the four-year curriculum. It includes classes, experiential learning in small groups (20 students), simulation education, and panel discussions. It promotes interactive and unique experiential learning through a variety of exercises and works, and aims at transformational learning. It is essential to develop an attitude of being as a whole person, learning to be mindful and aware of the present moment (self, other and context).
6.4. Cultivating Mindful Awareness and Clinical Congruence
Satoru TSUNETO ; Shizuma TSUCHIYA ; Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University
Medical Education 2022;53(4):353-360
Whole Person Care is educated for medical students as the core curriculum at McGill University. The core of Mindful Medical Practice Course aims to provide students with the experience of moving from "not knowing" to "knowing" and "realizing" to cultivate excellent clinicians who "actualize it." We outline mindful awareness and clinical congruence as the core concepts of the course. Students learn it through a variety of exercises and works. They will deepen their awareness of physical sensations, thoughts and emotions in daily life and practice Whole Person Care with congruence stance.
7.Designing a Program for Learning Health Professions Education
Takuya SAIKI ; Fumiko OKAZAKI ; Takayuki OTO ; Hiraku FUNAKOSHI ; Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Satoru YOSHIDA ; Jun YOSHINO ; Daisuke HIROUCHI
Medical Education 2021;52(6):497-502
This paper outlines the essentials that each organizer of Faculty and Staff Development (FSD) programs in Health Professions Education should focus on when designing a program. The essentials are as follows: the reasons for studying at FDS, the place of practice, content, participants, peers, location, methods, timing, and evidence of learning. These will also help FSD participants think about their perspectives when they choose to participate in the program. It is hoped that more people will get involved in Health Professions Education to increase their knowledge and spice up their daily teaching practice. It is also hoped that those who complete the course will become Faculty Developers in their own areas and professions, revitalizing health professions education and cooperatively increasing the presence of Japanese Health Professions Education.
8.How to Give Effective Feedback that Encourages Reflection Using Elements of Coaching: Introduction and Japanese Translation of the R2C2 Model
Tomoko MIYOSHI ; Takayuki OTO ; Kurashiki Educational Division, Okayama University ; Fumiko OKAZAKI ; Hiraku FUNAKOSHI ; Satoru YOSHIDA ; Jun YOSHINO ; Rintaro IMAFUKU ; Chihiro KAWAKAMI ; Kaho HAYAKAWA ; Takuya SAIKI
Medical Education 2022;53(1):77-82
To improve resident performance in clinical practice, the R2C2 model was developed for supervisors who need to guide their residents’ reflection. It consists of four stages: Relationship building, exploring Reactions, exploring Content, and Coaching. It has been shown to effectively engage residents in reflective, goal-oriented discussions and in developing a Learning Change Plan with their supervisors. This paper introduces the Japanese translated version of the model and the evidence of its use.