OBJECTIVE: To explore the composition of microbial communities in vagina and intestine of the mother,the placenta and the neonatal meconium after cesarean section and to analyze the origin of neonatal intestinal microbiota.METHODS: Samples of intestine,vagina and placenta and neonatal meconium from 4 women who underwent cesarean section in Yan'an Hospital of Kunming City in October 2016 were collected.The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the 16 S rRNA gene,and the composition of the microbial communities and the relationship among the samples were analyzed.RESULTS: Firstly,comparing the number of OTUs in different samples,it was found that the number in placenta was the highest,followed by the intestine and vagina,and the least was in the neonatal meconium.Secondly,each sample was analyzed by PCA clustering,and it was found that the neonatal meconium was affected least by individual differences but the vagina was affected most.The intestinal and placental microbial communities had certain similarities.Finally,comparing the microbial community composition of each sample,it was found that the highest abundance in the neonatal meconium and placenta was Proteobacteria,and in the intestine and vagina it was the Firmicutes.CONCLUSION: During the caesarean section,maternal microbiota transfer may be from the mother's intestine to the placenta and then to the infant's intestine.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most serious public health problems. HBV infection could lead to hepatitis B, and even further develop into hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Interferon lambda (IFN-λ) is a member of the interferon (IFN) family and an important cytokine for antiviral defense. There are four members in IFN-λ family, including IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2, IFN-λ3, and IFN-λ4. The genetic polymorphisms in the IFN-λ genes are associated with HBV replication and treatment response of HBV patients. In this review, we summarized the roles of genetic polymorphisms of the IFN-λ genes played in HBV infection, disease progression and treatment, with the aim to better understand their function. This review could serve as a reference for the HBV prevention and treatment of HBV patients, as well as for future clinical usage.
Antiviral Agents/pharmacology* ; Hepatitis B/genetics* ; Hepatitis B virus/genetics* ; Humans ; Interferons/pharmacology* ; Liver Neoplasms ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Virus Replication/genetics*

【Objective】 To analyze the contributing factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and the correlation between bone mineral density and physical growth, in order to provide new clues for the prevention and early intervention of ADHD. 【Methods】 A total of 116 children with ADHD were included into the observation group from June 2020 to June 2022, while another 80 healthy children in the same period were included as the control group.Clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the factors influencing ADHD in children were analyzed using multivariate Logistic regression. Children with ADHD were further divided into boys group and girls group based on gender. Bone mineral density (BMD) and physical growth (height and body weight) of the two groups were measured, and the correlation between the two was analyzed. 【Results】 In the observation group, the proportion of boys, maternal bad behaviors during pregnancy, their educational level below high school, critical parenting, and parental stress index were significantly higher compared to the control group (χ²=14.430, 5.689, 5.630, 6.738, t=6.936, P<0.05). Additionally, family environment score was significantly lower than that in the control group (t=6.328, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors including boys (OR=3.298, 95%CI: 1.759 - 6.184), maternal bad behaviors during pregnancy (OR=2.730, 95%CI: 1.169 - 6.375), maternal education level of senior high school or below (OR=2.032, 95%CI: 1.127 - 3.663), critical parenting (OR=2.349, 95%CI: 1.223 - 4.513), and parental stress index (OR=1.089, 95%CI: 1.055 - 1.124) were positively correlated with ADHD in children (P<0.05), while family environment score was negatively related to ADHD (OR=0.868, 95%CI: 0.820 - 0.919, P<0.05). There were no significant differences in BMD, height and body weight between boys and girls in ADHD group (P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation of BMD with height and body weight (r=0.409, 0.317, P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The development of ADHD in children is associated with gender, maternal bad behavior during pregnancy, family parental style and so on. Bone mineral density is closely related to physical growth in children with ADHD, clinical interventions can be implemented to prevent or early intervene ADHD.

Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease that seriously endangers human health and hinders socioeconomic development. Fasciola mainly infects ruminants, such as cattle and sheep. However, there has recently been a rise in the number of human cases with fascioliasis with the improvements of diagnostic techniques. During the past decades, sporadic cases of fascioliasis were predominantly identified; however, there were outbreaks of fascioliasis in Yunnan Province, which has been paid much attention. The review summarizes the advances in the distribution of Fasciola species and the progress of researches on fascioliasis in Yunnan Province.

Autophagy is a cellular normal reaction to cope with the changes in internal and external environmental pressure, and a degradation process of the material composition. Recent studies have shown that autophagy is closely related to the growth and physiological and pathological events of podocytes in kidneys and it is a potential target for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and a self-protection mechanism. Rregulation of autophagy can affect some signaling pathways in the development of DN. Thus, we summarize the pathogenesis of DN, the role of autophagy in the intrinsic kidney cells, and the effect of autophagy on some signaling pathways in the development of DN in this review.

Objective: To analyze the clinical phenotype and screen the genetic mutations of hereditary deafness in three deaf families to clarify their molecular biology etiology. Methods: From January 2019 to January 2020, three deaf children and family members were collected for medical history, physical examination, audiology evaluation, electrocardiogram and cardiac color Doppler ultrasound, temporal bone CT examination, and peripheral blood DNA was obtained for high-throughput sequencing of deafness genes. Sanger sequencing was performed to verify the variant sites among family members. The pathogenicity of the variants was evaluated according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. Results: The probands in the three families had deafness phenotypes. In family 1, proband had multiple lentigines, special facial features, growth retardation, pectus carinatum, abnormal skin elasticity, cryptorchidism and other manifestations. In family 2, proband had special facial features, growth retardation and abnormal heart, and the proband in family 3 had growth retardation and abnormal electrocardiogram. Genetic testing of three families detected three heterozygous mutations in the PTPN11 gene: c.1391G>C (p.Gly464Ala), c.1510A>G (p.Met504Val), c.1502G>A (p.Arg501Lys). All three sites were missense mutations, and the mutation sites were highly conserved among multiple homologous species. Based on clinical manifestations and genetic test results, proband 1 was diagnosed with multiple lentigines Noonan syndrome, and probands 2 and 3 were diagnosed with Noonan syndrome. Conclusion: Missense mutations in the PTPN11 gene may be the cause of the disease in the three deaf families. This study enriches the clinical phenotype and mutation spectrum of the PTPN11 gene in the Chinese population.
Deafness/genetics* ; Genetic Testing ; Hearing Loss/genetics* ; Humans ; Male ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11/genetics*

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is not "transcriptional noise". It can regulate gene expression at pre-transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic level and participate in the occurrence and development of diseases. A large number of studies have shown that the abnormal expression of lncRNA plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and drug resistance. LncRNA can participate in the occurrence, development and drug resistance of AML by acting on target genes and regulating related signal pathways. Detection of its expression has a certain prognostic value. Therefore, this article briefly discusses the research progress of lncRNA in AML, hoping to provide ideas for clinical diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy* ; Prognosis

On November 17, 2013, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University admitted a 23-year-old male patient with a high-temperature steel bar penetration injury from scrotum to buttocks who was transferred from another hospital. Expanded debridement, suture, and drainage of the perineum, right thigh, and right hip were performed as soon as possible after admission. A sputum suction tube was used as the guide mark for expanded debridement during the operation to ensure the accuracy of the direction and scope of expanded debridement. The incision was treated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) and full drainage. On the 20^th day after the operation (the 25^th day after admission), the unhealed wound was transplanted with split-thickness skin graft from the right thigh, and the drainage of the operation area and dressing change were strengthened. On the 53^rd day after injury, the patient was discharged after complete wound healing. This case suggests that VSD after early debridement is an effective means to treat high-temperature steel bar penetration injuries.
Adult ; Buttocks ; Debridement ; Drainage ; Humans ; Male ; Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy ; Scrotum/surgery* ; Skin Transplantation ; Steel ; Temperature ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Prostate cancer (PCa) is an epithelial malignancy that occurs in the prostate tissue and is the second most common cancer in men after lung cancer, affecting millions of men worldwide. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a non-coding small RNA of length 20-22nt that regulates gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs are involved in the regulation of almost all important biological life processes such as cell cycle progression, cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and cell migration. Recently, more and more studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in the occurrence of various human tumors including PCa. This review summarizes the current research progress of PCA-related miRNAs, and analyzes the role of malregulated miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of PCa. In addition, the role of miRNA in the diagnosis and treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is emphasized.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serum resistin level in healthy volunteers and patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS), and study the relationship between OSAHS and obesity, serum resistin level. METHOD: All body's height, weight and calculate body mass index (BMI) were precisely measured. According to the BMI, 35 OSAHS patient were divided into two groups: One group was normal weight patients (BMI:18.5-24.9, 14 cases)and the other group was overweight patients(BMI > or =25, 21 cases). There were 40 healthy volunteers in control group. The blood pressure, fasting levels of plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG), and test resistin level in plasma were detected. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the average oxygen saturation and the minimum oxygen saturation in 35 OSAHS patients were examined with Polysomnography. RESULT: (1) Compared with healthy volunteers, serum resistin level, BMI, TG, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in OSAHS patients were all enhanced (P < 0.05); (2) In OSAHS patients, the indexes of BMI, SBP, DBP and AHI for overweight group were notably higher than those for normal weight group (P < 0.05). (3) In OSAHS patients, BMI was positively correlated with AHI and SBP, and negatively correlated with the average oxygen saturation and the minimum oxygen saturation. (4) Serum resistin level was positively correlated with TG, FPG and DBP. Multiple stepwise regression analysis revealed that serum resistin level was associated with TG and FPG. CONCLUSION In OSAHS patients, serum resistin level is enhanced and accompany with the disorder of blood pressure and serum lipid. Obesity or abdomen obesity may aggravate the hypoxia in OSAHS patients. Serum resistin level is positively correlated with TG, FPG and DBP. TG and FPG are important factors in serum resistin level, which indicate that the resistin is highly associated with lipid metabolism and glycometabolism, and possibly connect with diastolic blood pressure (DBP).
Adult ; Aged ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; blood ; Oxygen Consumption ; Polysomnography ; Resistin ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; Triglycerides ; blood ; Young Adult