OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of SF-36 scale being applied in different countries under different culture and to describe the quality of life of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in China and Thailand.

METHODSSF-36 scale was applied to pulmonary tuberculosis patients in both countries using face to face interview.

RESULTSMany coefficients among domains were greater than 0.5 when quality of life of tuberculosis patient in both countries was measured. Cronbach's coefficient of all domains were greater than 0.7 for tuberculosis patients in China while cronbach's Coefficient of most domains were equal or greater than 0.7 for tuberculosis patients in Thailand except for vitality and social domains. The score of social domain for patients in Thailand was greater than that of China.

CONCLUSIONStructure validity was not good for tuberculosis patients in both countries since there were some items overlapped in different domains. However, the reliability was good for measuring quality of life of tuberculosis patients both in China and in Thailand.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Quality of Life ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thailand ; epidemiology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; physiopathology ; psychology

Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Apoptosis ; Carbon Monoxide ; physiology ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; physiology ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Iron ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress

HBV is a major health problem faced by human beings. The study of the mechanism of HBV infection has been a key point in this field. To carry out the related research on HBV, establishment of simple and available in vivo and in vitro infection models is the trend. Due to the close relationship between tree shrews and human/primates, the tree shrew model of HBV infection has attracted more and more attention. This review summarizes recent research, both at home and abroad, about in vivo and in vitro HBV infection in tree shrews, especially the research progress in in vitro culture of primary hepatocytes of tree shrews, and looks to the future research directions as well.

Liver fibrosis is the important stage of most liver diseases, and early and accurate diagnosis of classification of liver fibrosis plays an important role in developing individualized treatment regimens and reducing mortality rates. Ultrasound elastography has become popular in clinical physicians due to its unique advantages. This article compares the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of transient elastography, acoustic radiation force impulse elastography, real-time shear wave elastography, and real-time tissue elastography in the diagnosis of classification of liver fibrosis and helps to enhance clinical physicians′ knowledge of advantages and shortcomings of various ultrasound elastography methods in the diagnosis of classification of liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVE: To further study the chemical constituents of Zygophyllum fabago L. by classic phytochemical methods. METHODS: The compounds were isolated from the ethyl accetate extract by silica column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and RP-18 reverse-phase column chromatography. The structures were characterized by spectroscopy (1H-NMR and 13C-NMR) and comparison with the data of literatures. RESULTS: Thirteen compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract,and ten compounds were phenolic constituents. The compounds were identified as erythro-3, 3′-dimethoxy-4, 8′-oxyneoligna-9, 4′, 7′, 9′-tetraol-7(8)-ene (1), threo-3, 3′-dimethoxy-4, 8′-oxyneoligna-9, 4′, 7′, 9′-tetraol-7(8)-ene (2), erythro-1, 2-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (3), threo-1, 2-bis-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propane-1, 3-diol (4), maninsigin B (5), scopoletin (6), 2-hydroxyl-1- (7), vanillin (8), paeonol (9), 4-(4′-O-D-glucopyranosyl-3′-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone (10), actractylodin (11), acetylatractylodinol (12), and squalene (13). CONCLUSION: Compounds 1-13 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the mental health status and its influencing factors on subway operators in a city. METHODS: A judgment sampling method was used to select 375 subway operators of a metro operation company in a city as the research subjects. The Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90) was used to investigate the mental health status of the research subjects, and the influencing factors of mental health levels in the subway operators were analyzed through the multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The total score of SCL-90 for the mental health level of the subway operators in this city was higher than the national average scores [(142.9±45.0) vs(130.0±33.6), P<0.01].The positive rate of psychological abnormalibies was 46.9%(176/375). The multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the positive rate of psychological abnormalities was lower in the subway operators in the group aged above 18 and secondary college education group(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The mental health status of subway operators in the city is generally poor. The age and educational level are important factors influencing mental health level.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the effects of the different thicknesses of body-shade resin layers on the color of polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-Crea.lign restorations. METHODS: Five PEEK specimens with the thickness of 0.6 mm were prepared. The color values of PEEK specimens were measured. Afterward, opaque-shade resin layers (0.1 mm) and body-shade resin layers (1.5 mm) were stacked with mold. The five specimens were evenly ground to a thickness of 1.4, 1.2, 1.0, 0.8, 0.6, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.0 mm in sequence. After grinding and ultrasonic cleaning, the color value was measured. RESULTS: With the constant thickness of PEEK and 0.1 mm thickness of opaque-shade resin layer, the L*, a*, and b* values all showed downward trend with the increased thickness of the body-shade resin layer (1.0-1.4 mm). With the constant thickness of PEEK and 0.1 mm thickness of opaque-shade resin layer, the color difference between the adjacent groups was less than 1.5 NBS. This difference between nonadjacent groups was more than 1.5 NBS when the thickness of the body-shade resin layer reached 0.6 mm. Color difference between PEEK-Crea.lign restoration and PEEK was more than 1.5 NBS. CONCLUSIONS The thickness change in the body-shade resin layers influence the color of the PEEK-Crea.lign restorations. Using A2 shade Crea.lign, opaque-shade resin layer thickness is 0.1 and 0.6 mm thickness of body-shade resin layer can produce color which clinically acceptable.
Color ; Composite Resins ; Ketones ; Polyethylene Glycols

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between occupational stress response and psychological symptoms of metro-drivers and the mediating role of neurotic personality. METHODS: A total of 396 metro-drivers in a subway operating company were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. Their psychological symptoms, neurotic personality and occupational stress response were evaluated using the Symptom Checklist 90, the Neurotic Subscales of NEO Five-Factor Inventory, and the Personal Strain Questionnaire of Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition. RESULTS: The scores of psychological symptoms, neurotic personality and occupational stress response in the metro-drivers were(148.8±42.7),(29.3±6.3) and(104.2±14.2), respectively. The occupational stress of metro-drivers was positively correlated with the psychological symptoms score(correlation coefficient was 0.45, P<0.01), and neurotic personality was positively correlated with occupational stress response and psychological symptoms scores(correlation coefficients were 0.44 and 0.53 respectively, all P<0.01). The occupational stress response of metro-drivers played a direct effect on their psychological symptoms, and the direct effect was 0.825. Neurotic personality played a partial mediating effect between occupational stress response and psychological symptoms, and the mediating effect was 0.537, accounting for 39.4% of the total effect. CONCLUSION: The neurotic personality of metro-drivers plays a partial mediating role between occupational stress response and psychological symptoms.

With the development of the computer simulation technology and the digital simulation technology, the traditional calculation method has been gradually replaced by the digital method to deal the road traffic accident scene and analyse the process. The PC-Crash software simulation system can reconstruct the traffic accidents within 32 vehicles, and the accuracy of reconstruction has been fully verified, which is widely used by the transport police department and the accreditation agency. In this paper, the research of road traffic accident reconstruction using PC-Crash software is reviewed, and the application of road traffic accident reconstruction technology based on PC-Crash software and some existing problems in forensic practice are discussed, which provides reference for the research and identification of road traffic accident simulation and reconstruction and theoretical basis for accident treatment.
Accidents, Traffic ; Computer Simulation ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Police ; Software

Autophagy is a cellular reaction to the changes of internal and external environmental pressure, and a degradation process of the material composition. Recent study has shown that autophagy is closely related to the quantity and insulin secretion of pancreatic β cell. As a self-protection mechanism, the activation and regulation of autophagy are essential for maintaining the structure and function of pancreatic β cells in type 2 diabetes. Moreover, some drugs for type 2 diabetes were found to participate in the regulation of autophagy pathway in recent studies. Thus, in this review we summarize the importance of autophagy in protecting the structure and function of pancreatic β cell, the regulation of autophagy pathway and the correlation between autophagy and drugs for type 2 diabetes.