The under-water exercise is a specific sports.Because of the different of pressure,buoyancy,resistance and heat conductivity between water and land,The effect of under-water exercise on body's physiological function was different from the land.It has been evaluate in this paper that the characteristic of physiological function and regularity of energy metabolism in the under-water exercise

Physiological and behavioral rhythms are governed by an endogenous circadian clock. In this paper are reported the studies on soldier's circadian of melatonin concentrations by means of electricity and light pulses presented to the popliteal region (behind the knee). The results showed that the phase of melatonin concentrations can be regulated by both the electricity pulses and the light pulses. A systematic relation was found between the timing of the electro-stimulating and the magnitude and direction of phase shifts, resulting in the generation of a phase response curve. The phase response curve displayed photic model. These findings have implications for the development of more effective treatments for sleep and circadian rhythm disorders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chronobiology Disorders ; prevention & control ; Circadian Rhythm ; physiology ; radiation effects ; Electric Stimulation ; Humans ; Male ; Melatonin ; blood ; physiology ; Military Personnel ; Photic Stimulation ; Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm ; prevention & control

In early stage after liver transplantation(LT), coagulation function of recipients stays in a fragile balance. Affected by a variety of complex mechanisms, blood is usually hypercoagulable. An imbalance between coagulation factors and physiological anticoagulants, elevated level of vWF, an occurrence of fibrinolysis inhibition and dosing of immunosuppressive agents cause a hypercoagulable state in an early stage after LT. Blood hypercoagulability may lead to such thrombotic complications as hepatic artery, portal vein and deep vein thromboses. Some studies have demonstrated that postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation has some effect in reducing the risks of early postoperative thrombosis. However, there is still a great lack of high-quality evidence. This review summarized the latest researches on early coagulation dysfunction, thrombosis and preventive anticoagulation after LT.

Humans ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology* ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology* ; Genetic Markers ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics* ; Urothelium/pathology*