Pertussis is a pediatric infectious disease with one of the highest degrees of infectivity. Although pertussis may cause asymptomatic infections in children and adults with immunity, it can cause life-threatening diseases in newborn babies or infants. We report three cases of pertussis in infants <3 months of age without DTaP immunization who have received symptomatic treatment with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis from other hospitals, and subsequently correctly diagnosed and treated. The patients did not have the characteristic whooping cough, but the main symptoms were episodic cough, intermittent vomiting, and cyanosis. Based on culture results for Bordetella pertussis and PCR, pertussis was diagnosed and treated without any complications. As it is assumed that adults, adolescents, and asymptomatic patients may serve as sources of infection, immunization with Tdap vaccine is recommended to prevent dissemination of pertussis from adolescents and adults to infants, and thus maintain herd immunity.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Asymptomatic Infections ; Bordetella pertussis ; Bronchiolitis ; Child ; Communicable Diseases ; Cough ; Cyanosis ; Humans ; Immunity, Herd ; Immunization ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Vomiting ; Whooping Cough

Transglutaminase is an calcium depedent enzyme involved in various biological events such as cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, fertilization, embryogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Biochemically it can be detected in many organs but no systemic in situ localization has been carried out so far. Here we report the immunohistochemical localization of TG1 in rat tissue using newly purificated polyclonal anti-goat traglutaminase 1 antibody. The presence of TG 1 can be demonstrated in the kidney, liver, spleen, lung, esophagus, trachea, small intestine, testis, cerebellum of the rat. The strong immunoreactivity can be demonstrated in proximal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the kidney, central vein of the liver, esophagus of the lamina propria, epithelium and cartilage of the trachea., submucosa and Paneth cell of the small intestine, Purkinje cell of the cerebellum. Among organs, there was no relationship between the immunoreactivity and histologic similarity. The functional implications of these findings are presently unknown. However, based on its wide distribution of the tissue certain essential role of this enzyme in survival of organism may be suggested.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Calcium ; Carcinogenesis ; Cartilage ; Cerebellum ; Embryonic Development ; Epithelium ; Esophagus ; Female ; Fertilization ; Intestine, Small ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Mucous Membrane ; Pregnancy ; Rats* ; Spleen ; Testis ; Trachea ; Veins

Transglutaminase is an calcium dependent enzyme involved in various biological events such as cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, fertilization, embryogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Biochemically it can be detected in many organs but no systemic in situ localization has been carried out so far. In the present study we report the immuno-histochemical localization of TG1, 2, 3 in rat kidney tissue using newly purificated polyclonal anti-goat traglutaminase 1 and anti-rabbit polyclonal transglutaminase 2 or 3 antibody. The results are as follows 1. The presence of transglutaminase 1, 2 and 3 was demonstrated in the both renal cortex and renal medulla of the rat. Although the in situ localization patterns were very similar, strength of the immunoreactivity was different; transglutaminase 1, 2, 3 in order. 2. More strong immunoreactivity for transglutaminase 1, 2, 3 were detected in the renal tubule than the renal glomerulus. 3. The strong immunoreactivity was demonstrated in the capsule, brush border of proximal convoluted tubule and collecting duct and thin limb of Henle's loop. The functional implications of these findings are presently unknown. However, based on its wide distribution in the renal tubule, certain essential role of these enzymes in maintaining the electrolytes balance may be suggested.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Calcium ; Carcinogenesis ; Electrolytes ; Embryonic Development ; Extremities ; Female ; Fertilization ; Immunohistochemistry ; Kidney* ; Microvilli ; Pregnancy ; Rats*