No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia*

GMH/IVH(Germinal martrix-Intraventricular hemorrhage ) is an inportant factor that influences on the mortality rate of low-birth-weight infants. The real-time high resolution sonography with a mechanical sector scanner is a convenient and useful method for the detection and follow-up study of intracranial hemorrhage in low-birth-weight infants. Authors analysed 112 cases of neurosonographic findings in low-birth-weight infants, weighing less than 2,500gm. The incidence of GMH/IVH was 54.5%. The severity of GMH/IVH was classified into 4 grades(I-IV) and their percentages were 41%, 41% 8.1%, and 9.9%, respectively. The onset of GMH/IVH was within the first week after birth in 75.4% of cases. The overall mortality rate of low-birth-weight infants with GMH/IVH was 18% (4% for grade I, 12% for grade II, 40% for grade III and 83% for grade IV). In the follow-up study of 61 cases, complete absorption was seen in 25 cases, rebleeding in 5 cases, cystic change in 24 cases, ventriculomegaly in 9 cases and hydrocephalus in 7 cases. The incidence of GMH/IVH in neonates with pathologic lung conditions was 82.5% and that with normal lung conditions was 39%. In conclusion, sonography is very useful in the diagnosis and follow-up of GMH/IVH in low-birth-weight infants. Our study is the first step in the further study of the relationship between GMH/IVH and neuromotor outcome.
Absorption ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Infant* ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Lung ; Methods ; Mortality ; Parturition

PURPOSE: For decades dental implants have been used widely in the field of prosthetic dentistry. However there is confusion when establishing treatment plans in cases where some teeth are remained but an insufficient number of implants can be used due to limited anatomical status and ecomomical problems. Many clinicians have tried to connect natural teeth and implants, and it still has controversy. But, there have been few studies on mechanical analysis of connecting natural teeth and implants with konus telescopic removable partial dentures. The purpose of this study was to analyze the stress distribution of prosthesis, abutment and alveolar bone when teeth and implants were connected with the konus telescopic denture, by means of 3-dimensional finite element analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The assumption of this study was that there were 2 mandibular canine (11 mm in length, 4 mm in diameter) and 2 implants(10 mm in length, 4 mm in diameter) which are located in the second premolar region. The mandible, teeth, implants, abutments, and connectors are modeled, and analyzed with the commercial software, ANSYS Version 8.1(Swanson, Inc., USA). The control group used implants instead of natural teeth. 21038 elements, 23544 nodes were used in experimental group and 107595 elements, 21963 nodes were used in control group, Stress distribution was evaluated under 150 N vertical load on 3 experimental conditions - between teeth and implants (Load case 1), posterior to implants (Load case 2), between natural teeth (Load case 3). RESULTS: 1. In all load cases, higher von mises stress value was observed in the experimental group. 2. Maximum von miss stress observed in all load cases and all locations were as follows ; a. 929.44 Mpa in the experimental group, 640.044 Mpa in the control group in outer crown and connector - The experimental group showed 1.45 times high value compared with the control group. b. 145,051 Mpa in the experimental group, 142.338 Mpa in the control group in abutment - The experimental group showed 1.02times high value compared with the control group. c. 32.489 Mpa in the experimental group, 25.765 Mpa in the control group in alveolar bone - The experimental group showed 1.26times higher value compared with the control group. 3. All maximum von mises stress was observed in load case 2, and maxim von mises stress in alveolar bone was 32.489 Mpa at which implant failure cannot occur. 4. If maximum von mises stress is compared between two groups, the value of the experimental group is 1.02 times higher than the control group in abutment, 1.26 times higher than the control group in alveolar bone. CONCLUSION: If natural teeth and implants are connected with the konus telescopic denture, maximum stress will be similar in abutment, 1.26 times higher in alveolar bone than the control group. With this result, there may be possible to make to avoid konus telescopic dentures where natural teeth and implants exist together.
Bicuspid ; Crowns ; Dental Implants ; Dentistry ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Dentures ; Finite Element Analysis ; Mandible ; Prostheses and Implants ; Telescopes ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: The incidence of candidemia in paediatric patients has increased over the last decade. We analysed the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with candidemia over a 3-year period in Chonnam National University Hospital. METHODS: The medical records of 28 patients with candidemia diagnosed between 1996 and 1998 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics including underlying illness, risk factors, therapy and outcome were assessed in relation to causing Candida species. RESULTS: The causing agents were mainly non-C. albicans species (24/28 cases, 81.5%). Underlying illnesses of patients were malignancy (n=12), surgical diseases (n=4), prematurity (n=2), and other medical illnesses of (n=10). Studies on clinical status at positive culture revealed antibiotic exposure (28/28, 100%), placement of central venous catheter (CVC, 16/28, 57.1%), use of total parenteral nutrition (15/28, 53.6%), and chemotherapy (14/28, 50%). Twenty patients were treated with amphotericin B and/or fluconazole and 15 patients'CVCs were removed. Overall mortality due to candidemia was 25%(7/28). CONCLUSIONS: These data show that most of pediatric candidemia cases are caused by non-C. albicans species and associated with a relatively lower mortality rate
Amphotericin B ; Candida ; Candidemia* ; Central Venous Catheters ; Drug Therapy ; Fluconazole ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Papillary adenoma of the lung is a very rare tumor in humans. Papillary adenoma is benign, and morphologically distinctive neoplasm.Since Fanton et al. firstly described a bronchial tumor showing Clara cell features,only a few cases having features of both Clara cells and type II pneumocytes have been reported.The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings hint at an origin from type II pneumocytes or Clara cells.Noguchi et al. demonstrated the presence of surfactant apoprotein in cytoplasm of tumor cells in a case of papillary adenoma indicating type II pneumocyte-like differenciation of the tumor cells. The tumor was encounted in a asymptomatic patient in a mass-survey chest X-ray examination. The chest X-ray films showed the tumor as well dermacated small lesion. We reports a case of papillary adenoma of the lung with pulmomary sequestration with review of articles.
Adenoma* ; Apoproteins ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Pneumocytes ; Thorax ; X-Ray Film

In this study, we attempted to investigate the needs and problems of the terminal cancer patients and their family caregivers to provide them with nursing information to improve their quality of life and prepare for a peaceful death. Data was collected from August 1, 1995 to July 31, 1996 at the internal medicine unit of S hospital in Seoul area with the two groups of participants who were family members of terminal cancer patients seventy four of them were in-patients and 34 were out-patients who were discharged from the same hospital for home care. The research tool used in this study has been developed by selecting the questionnaires from various references, modifying them for our purpose and refining then based on the results of preliminary study. While general background information about the patients was obtained by reviewing their medical records, all other information was collected by interviewing the primary family caregivers of the patients using the questionnaire. The data collected were analyzed with the SPSS PC+ program. The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) Most frequently complained symptoms of the terminal cancer patients were in the order of pain(87%), weakness(86.1%), anorexia(83.3%) and fatigue(80.6%). 2) Main therapies for the terminal cancer patients were pain control(58.3%), hyperalimentation(47.2%) and antibiotics(21.3%). 3) Special medical devices that terminal cancer patients used most were oxygen device(11.1%), and feeding tube(5.6%). Other devices were used by less than 5% of the patents. 4) The mobility of 70.4% of the patients was worse than ECOG 3 level, they had to stay in bed more than 50% of a day. 5) Patients wanted their medical staffs to help relieve pain(45.4%), various physical symptoms(29.6%), and problems associated with their emotion(11.1%). 6) 16.7% of the family caregivers hoped for full recovery of the patients, refusing to admit the status of the patients. also, 37% wished for the extension of the patient's life at least for 6 months. 7) Only 38.9% of the family members was preparing for the patient's funeral. 8) 45.4% of family caregivers prefer hospital as the place for the patient's death, 39.8% their own home, and 14.8% undetermined. 9) caregivers of the patients were mostly close family members, i.e., spouse(62%), and sons and daughters or daughter-in-laws(21.3%). 10) 43.5% of the family caregivers were aware of hospice care. 46.8% of them learned about the hospice care from the mass media, 27.7% from health professionals, and the rest from books and other sources. 11) Caregivers were asked about the most difficult problems they encounter in home care, 41 of them pointed out the lack of health professionals they can contact, counsel and get help from in case of emergency, 17 identified the difficulty of finding appropriate transportation to hospital, and 13 stated the difficulty of admission in hospital as needed. 12) 93.6% of family caregivers demanded 24-hour hot line, 80% the visiting nurses and doctors, and 69.4% the volunteer's help. The above results indicate that terminal patients and their family caregivers demand help from qualified health professionals whenever necessary. Hospice care system led by well-trained medical and nursing staffs is one of the viable answers for such demands.
Caregivers* ; Emergencies ; Health Occupations ; Home Care Services ; Hope ; Hospice Care ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Mass Media ; Medical Records ; Medical Staff ; Nuclear Family ; Nurses, Community Health ; Nursing Services* ; Nursing Staff ; Nursing* ; Outpatients ; Oxygen ; Quality of Life ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul ; Transportation