[Summary] The theory of fetal origins of adult disease (FOAD) is now widely accepted by researchers who hold the opinion that adult degenerative and metabolism diseases have close relationship with the environment of fetal development inside and outside the womb. Some studies have proved that maternal hypothyroidism can negatively affect the glucose metabolism of their offsprings. However, the whole mechanism is not clear yet. Insufficient thyroid hormone during pregnancy was proved to slow down the formation of fetal pancreatic cytoskeleton, to decrease the proinsulin gene transcription, and to modulate series of cytokines and enzymes which are related to glucose dependent insulin secretion. Thyroid hormone receptor is also considered to be partially responsible for the relation between low thyroid hormone and β cell insufficiency. However, more studies in vivo should be carried out to prove this hypothesis. Epidemiologic studies have suggested that type 2 diabetes and low birth weight can be different phenotypes of the same genotype. The definite mechanism of maternal hypothyroidism in influencing fetal β-cell function should be studied by further investigation.

Objective To explore the effect of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline on headshakes behavior and levels of monoamine neurotransmitter in model rats with Tourette syndrome.Methods 40 Wistar rats were randomly divided into DOI-induced head-shakes rats (HSR group),haloperidol group,rhynchophylline group and isorhynchophylline group with 10 in each group.The inhibitory effects of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline were estimated by observing the HSR behavior.Dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) in the rat striatum were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.The 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in prefrontal lobe cortex of the rats was measured by real-time PCR.Results Compared with HSR group,the head shakes of the rats in haloperidol group and isorhynchophylline group were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),and no change of head-shakes number was observed in rhynchophylline group (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference of head-shakes number between the haloperidol group and isorhynchophylline group(P＞0.05).Compared with HSR group,DA levels in the rat striatum were significantly decreased in isorhynchophylline group and haloperidol group((152.35± 5.80) μ~L vs (111.19±4.30) μg/L,(152.35±5.80) μg/L vs (126.42±3.17) μg/L,P＜0.01),while DA levels in the rat striatum in rhynchophylline group were not changed ((152.35±5.80) μg/L vs (142.71±5.51) μg/L,P＞0.05).There was no significant change of 5-HT2A receptor mRNA expression in rat prefrontal lobe cortex in every group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Isorhynchophylline may have an inhibitory effect on rats with DOI-induced HSR.Isorhynchophylline may decrease the DA levels in the rat stratum with DOI-induced HSR.Rhynchophylline has no significant inhibitory effect on head-shakes behavior and DA levels in the rat stratum with DOI-induced HSR.

Objective To investigate the effect of growth differentiation factor 5(GDF-5)on expression of gap junctional protein,connexin 43,during ehondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow sternal cells(BMSCs)in vitro.Methods BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow and cultured in vitro.The cells in passage 3 were chosen to be induced into chondrogenic differentiation.After induction for 72 hours,TypeⅡcollagen protein was examined by immunocytochemistry and the sulfate glycosaminoglycan was measured by Alcian blue staining.With induction for 24,48 and 72 hours,the proliferation effects of BMSCs were investigated by MTT assay;connexin 43 mRNA and protein were examined by RT-PCR,western blotting and immunocytochemistry respectively at different time points during induction.Results According to MTT assay,GDF-5 had no effect on the proliferation of BMSCs at different time points of induction;RT-PCR,western blotting and immunocytochemistry showed that GDF-5 could promote expressions of connexin 43 mRNA and protein at different times during induction.After 72 hours of induction,immunocytochemistry showed expression of TypeⅡcollagen protein,and AIcian blue staining of proteo- glycan revealed deposition of typical cartilage extracellular matrix.Conclusion GDF-5 can enhance chondrogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs in vitro by up-regulating the expression of gap junctional protein,connexin 43.

Thyroid diseases during pregnancy are highlighted in recent decade by both endocrinologists and gynaecologists.Hyper-and hypothyroidism accompanied with pregnancy may cause side effects on maternal and fetal health,increase the incidence of obstetric complications and impair the development of the fetal nervous system.It is widely accepted that subclinical thyroid dysfunction such as subclinical hypothyroidism,hypothyroxinemia,and thyroid autoimmunity may result in adverse obstetric outcomes.A very crucial work is going on to set up trimester special reference of thyroid function in each clinical laboratory.

Objective To analyze the effect of duloxetine on S100B and signal pathway ERK1/2-NF-κB expression in hippocampus in depression rat.Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stimulation was used to establish depressive model rats (n=50).They were randomly divided into no-intervention group (n=10),different treatment time of duloxetine group (C,D,E,F group,10 rats in each group)and then 10 normal rats were selected as control group.Behavior tests including open-field test and the saccharine preference test were used to test the behavioral change of rats after 28 days intragastric administration.Western blot was used to detect S100B,t-ERK1/2,pERK 1/2,t-NF-κB and pNF-κB expression in hippocampus.Results In open-field test,the crossing score,rearing score and latency of the rats in E,F group were (69.68± 14.61) and (70.66± 11.53) score,(20.94 ± 10.92) and (20.32±8.85) score,(1.1±0.4)s and(1.0±0.4) s respectively,and showed no significant difference with those of control group ((71.19±12.08) score,(20.42±8.76) score,(1.0±0.3)s) after 28 d intragastric administration (P＞0.05),while the level score,vertical score were significantly higher than those in depressive model (P＜ 0.05).In the saccharine preference test,the rats in E,F and control group exhibited increased saccharin preference compared with depressive model rats (P＜0.05).The rats in E,F and control group exhibited increased S100B,pERK1/2 and pNF-κB expression in hippocampus compared with depressive model rats (P＜0.05).Conclusion Duloxetine improves the behavioral ability of depression rat and exerts effect after 2 weeks.The ERK1/2-NF-κB signal pathway in hippocampus may participate in this mechanism.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of fluoxetine on special learning and memory and serum S100B level in depressed model rats.MethodsAdult male SD rats were divided into six groups randomly according random digits table:control group ( A ),depressed model group ( B ),group of depressed model treated with single dose of fluoxetine for one day ( C ),group of depressed model treated with fluoxetine for one week (D),group of depressed model treated with fluoxetine for two weeks (E) and group of depressed model treated with fluoxetine for four weeks (F),ten rats in each group.Except control group,others were subjected to forced-swimming for four weeks,15 min a day.Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) was given intragastric administration to group C-F before swimming everyday.Morris water maze ( MWM ) was used to measure the spatial learning and memory of rats.ELISA was used to determine the level of serum S100B.ResultsIn the hiding platform test of MWM,there was significant longer of escape latency (EL) in B group than that in A group(P ＜ 0.05 ).And the EL in all groups treated with fluoxetine became shorter with the prolonging of treatment.In the probe test,there were significant longer time in target quadrant in D,E,F than in other quadrant (F =5.162,P ＜ 0.01 ).The levels of serum S100B were lower in E,F groups ( E group ( 0.91 ± 0.23 ) ng/ml,F group ( 0.85 ± 0.21 ) ng/ml) than that in B group (( 1.26 ±0.61 )ng/ml,P＜0.05).ConclusionChronic administration of fluoxetine could improve the impairment of spatial learning and memory and reverse the increase of S100B level in serum of depressed model rats.

Objective To investigate the expressions of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the clinical significance thereof. Methods The clinical data and paraffin tissue samples of 117 patients with NSCLC confirmed by postoperative pathology were collected. The expressions of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 protein in tissues of NSCLC were detected by immunohistochemical method. The correlation between the expres-sions of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 protein was analyzed, and the relationship between the expressions of p53, bcl-2 and cas-pase-3 protein and clinicopathological characteristics was explored. Results The positive expression rates of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 were 42.74%(50/117), 38.46%(45/117) and 36.75%(43/117) in tissue samples of NSCLC. The positive ex-pression rate of p53 was significantly higher in patients with poor differentiation, central type, lymph node metastasis and squamous carcinoma. The positive expression rate of bcl-2 was significantly higher in patients with high differentiation and lymph node metastasis. The positive expression rate of caspase-3 was significantly higher in patients with high differentia-tion and no lymph node metastasis. There was a positive correlation between expressions of bcl-2 and caspase-3 in NSCLC (r=0.262, P=0.003). Conclusion The expressions of p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 may play important roles in development and progression of advanced NSCLC in elderly patients, which may serve as predicators for prognosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the resistance of clinical isolated strains to the commonly used antibacterials in our hospital 2007-2008.METHODS Clinical isolated strains and sensitivity of drugs were detected by ATB system.The result of drug sensitivity was judged by CLSI standard and analyzed with statistical software WHONET5.3.RESULTS Altogether 3150 strains bacteria were isolated,17.4% were Gram-positive strains and 82.6% were Gram-negative strains,and the top five isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Acinetobacter baumannii,and Staphylococcus aureus.The reasistance rate of Gram-positive strains to minocycline was 15.4%.Five VRE strains were isolated.Various Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were sensitive to imipenem meropenem,cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam,and their rate was 86.5% to 97.7%.Some of Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were multidrug resistant.CONCLUSIONS It is serous that multidrug resistance of isolated strains of the patients exists in our hospital.

Background and purpose:Cancer-related pain is one of the most important symptoms of patients with advanced cancer. Chemotherapy sometimes induces peripheral neuropathy and pain. These symptoms seriously affect patients’ quality of life. Cancer pain assessment is now achieved by the subjective scales of patients, but lacking objective measurement. In this study, we used the neurotic electrophysiological method by way of PainVision system (PV system) to evaluate cancer pain quantitatively to detect and analyze degree of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Methods:We obtained numerical rating scale (NRS) scores from patients receiving analgesics and calculated the PainRatio from PV system at the same time. Then we analyzed the relationship between NRS and PainRatio scores. We detected current perception threshold (CPT) levels of patients receiving chemotherapy to ifnd the correlation between chemotherapy and CPT level, and attempt to evaluate chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.Results:PainRatio scores were linearly associated with NRS scores (Pearson correlation coeffcient=0.849,P<0.001). Patients with neuropathy symptoms got higher CPTs. However, no statistically signiifcant difference was observed between patients treated with oxaliplatin, paclitaxel and other agents.Conclusion:PainVision system can be used in cancer pain assessment quan-titatively, and be helpful in cancer pain assessment objectively. Patients with deifned neuropathy showed higher CPTs, indicating the potential clinical value of PV system in detecting and evaluating chemotherapy-induced neuropathy.

As a new neuroimaging method, functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) with its importance of data processing has been widely recognized by neurology and cognitive psychology. Focusing on the realignment section in fMRI image preprocessing, this paper comprehensively describes the registration principle of SPM, an internationally-known software package which is specially designed for cerebral function imaging. An improved registration method is presented which effectively increases the accuracy. In addition, choosing the ratio of SSD and NMI as the registration measure can compensate for the limitation of using single measurement, which improves the robustness and reliability of the registration process. Experimental results prove the feasibility of this method.