Objectives To observe influences of two functionally important polymorphisms (5'-UTR and 3 -UTR) in thymidylate synthase (TS) gene and their combinative effects with drinking on the susceptibility of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods A case-control study was designed, which included 140 CRC patients and 343 control subjects. Risk of CRC was estimated by unconditional Logistic model. Results The genotype distributions of the polymorphisms did not show significant differences between the cases and the controls. However, in those with -6 bp/-6 bp genotypes, the 2R carriers had a decreased risk (OR = 0. 60, 95%CI, 0. 23-1. 52) , but in +6 bp carriers, the 2R carriers had an elevated risk (OR=1. 87, 95%CI, 0. 94-3. 72). The likelihood test revealed the interaction existed between these two polymorphisms (P for interaction = 0. 05). Moreover, the combinative effect between the 3 -UTR polymorphism and alcohol drinking showed a significant association with the susceptibility of CRC (P for interaction =0. 01). In non-drinkers, the-6 bp allele carriers had a significant decreased risk (OR = 0. 57, 95%CI, 0. 32-0. 99) , but in ever and current drinkers, the +6 bp allele (6-bp insertion) carriers had an elevated risk (OR=1. 88, 95%CI, 0. 80-4. 41) , in which OR values ascended with the prolongation of drink-time. Conclusions The polymorphisms of thymidylate synthase at 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR may not be regarded as independent predictive factors for the susceptibility of CRC. However, interactions exist in these two polymorphisms and between the 3'-UTR polymorphism and drinking. Further studies with larger sample size and in different ethnic groups are needed.

Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Homeodomain Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; Receptors, Interleukin ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Survival Rate

Human proximal tubule epithelial cell line,HK-2 cells,were cultured with various concentrations of insulin for 48 h.Human urate transporter (hUAT) mRNA was detected by realtime quantitative PCR.hUAT mRNA levels were down-regulated by insulin (5,25,125,500 μIU/ml)in a dose-dependent manner (relative expression median were 0.95,0.40,0.24,and 0.23).In vitro,the expression of hUAT mRNA in HK-2 cells is associated with the concentration of insulin.

Objective To explore the effect of multifunctional rehabilitation wheelchair on early rehabilitation of elderly patients after anesthesia recovery with hip fracture surgery.Methods Toally 34 elderly inpatients with hip fracture surgery treated with regular function exerciser between November 2013 to October 2014 were assigned as the control group and another 34 elderly inpatients with hip fracture surgery during November 2014 and November 2015 as the observation group.The control group was treated with routine nursing and early on-bed rehabilitation exercise and the latter with early off-bed exercises on a muhifunctional wheelchair.The two groups were compared in terms of hip function and daily life activities ability before surgery and 14 d after operation.Result The Harris hip function cores and activities of daily living scores of the observation group after surgery were significantly higher than those of the control group (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Multifunctional rehabilitation wheelchair can be effective in the improvement of the hip function and daily life activities for the elderly patients with hip fracture surgery.

Objective To discuss the curative effect of computer assisted pre-operation plan (CAPP) in treating the geriatric intertrochanteric femoral fracture.Methods The data of intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA-Ⅱ between March 2012 and June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into two groups by preoperative design.One group was the CAPP group consisting of 53 patients with a mean age of 75.3 years (range,60-92 years).According to the Evans Classification,there were 12 Evans type Ⅰb,9 Evans type Ⅰc,15 Evans type Ⅰd and 17 Evans type Ⅱ fractures.The other group was the non-CAPP group consisting of 74 patients with a mean age of 76.6 years (range,62-95 years).There were 18 Evans type Ⅰb,15 Evans type Ⅰc,20 Evans type Ⅰd and 21 Evans type Ⅱ fractures.Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,times of fluoroscopy during operation and days of hospital stay were compared.The hip joint function was evaluated by Harris score at the final follow-up.Results The CAPP meanly cost 24.7 min.The consistency of the surgery and CAPP was up to 100％.In the CAPP group,the average operation time was 46.8±6.5 min;the average times of fluoroscopy during operation were 12.0±2.3 times;and the average blood loss was 154.4±27.6 ml.In the non-CAPP group,the average operation time was 57.8±10.3 min;the average times of fluoroscopy during operation was 20.9±3.2;and the average blood loss was 235.0±65.8 ml.All above data in the CAPP group were significantly lower than those in the non-CAPP group.The mean days of hospital stay were 13.9±1.3 days in the CAPP group and 14.3±1.4 days in non-CAPP group.The days of hospital stay had no significant difference between the two groups.Forty-five patients with an average follow-up period of 18.3 months were reviewed in the CAPP group.Fifty patients were followed up with an average period of 19.2 months in the non-CAPP group.At the final follow-up,the average Harris score was 88.6±2.8 points (range,84-96 points) in the CAPP group and 87.5±3.2 points (range,80-95 points) in the non-CAPP group.Conclusion CAPP system is convenient and efficient.It can facilitate the treatment of intertrochanteric fracture effectively.

Objective:To observe influence of up‐regulated expression of myocardial heat shock protein (HSP) 70 in‐duced by heat stress on myocardial calcium‐activated potassium channel (KCa ) 3.1 expression in rabbits with atrial fibrillation (AF) caused by rapid atrial pacing (RAP) .Methods :A total of 24 New Zealand white rabbits were ran‐domly divided into sham operation group (n=8 ,only implant electrode without pacing ) ,pacing group (n=8 ,right atrium (RA) received RAP at 600 times/min for 6h) and heat stress pacing group (heat stress group ,n=8 ,received heat stress preconditioning ,then the same RAP as pacing group ) .Results:Compared with sham operation group and pacing group ,there were significant up‐regulation of HSP70 mRNA and protein expression in different sites of heart [HSP70 protein ,left atrium (LA):(39.00 ± 3.21) vs .(39.75 ± 2.82) vs .(69.75 ± 3.45) ,RA: (38.38 ± 2.92) vs .(39.50 ± 3.89) vs .(69.00 ± 2.93) ,left atrial appendage (LAA):(37.75 ± 3.28) vs .(39.00 ± 3.89) vs . (68.63 ± 3.23) ,right atrial appendage (RAA): (37.00 ± 3.85) vs .(38.38 ± 3.74) vs .(68.75 ± 2.82)] in heat stress group , P<0. 01 all ,but there were no significant difference between pacing group and sham operation group , P>0.05 ;compared with pacing group with down‐regulation of KCa3.1 mRNA and protein expressions ,there were significant up‐regulation of KCa3.1 mRNA and protein expressions in different sites of heart [KCa3.1 protein ,LA:(21.25 ± 1.67) vs .(24.00 ± 2.62) ,RA :(21.13 ± 1.96) vs .(23.75 ± 1.83) ,LAA :(21.00 ± 2.07) vs .(23.75 ± 1.67) ,RAA:(20.88 ± 2.03) vs .(23.50 ± 2.45)] in heat stress group ,P<0.05 all ,and there were no significant difference between heat stress group and sham operation group , P>0. 05. Conclusion:Heat stress may induce up‐regulated expression of myocardial HSP 70 of myocardium ,and HSP 70 may inhibit down‐regulation of KCa 3. 1 mR‐NA and protein expressions in rabbits with atrial fibrillation.

DNA barcoding is a technique in which species identification and discovery are performed by using short and standard fragments of DNA sequences. In this study, eleven species of Paris, including seven varieties, were sampled. Five chloroplast sequences, psbA-trnH, rpoB, rpoC1, rbcL, matK, and one nuclear marker, the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA, were amplified and sequenced. The PCR amplification and sequencing efficiency, intra- and inter-specific divergence and barcoding gap were used to evaluate different loci, and the identification efficiency was assessed using BLAST1 and Nearest Distance methods. The ITS2 sequences in the studied samples of Paris were amplified and sequenced successfully using primers designed by our group, while matK showed low level in the amplification and psbA-trnH was difficult for sequencing because of over 800 bp and poly (A) structure. Analysis of the intra- and inter-specific divergence and barcoding gap showed ITS2 was superior to other loci. The ITS2 showed a much higher percentage of success (100%) in identification than other five loci, none of which indicated more than 50% except matK (52.9%). The 2-locus combination of rbcL+matK didn't improve ability of authentication. In addition, the rate of successful identification with ITS2 kept 100% when the samples were expanded to 67 samples of 29 species. In conclusion, ITS2 can be used to correctly identify medicinal plants of Paris, and it will be a potential DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plants of other taxa.

Objective To investigate the relationships between genetic polymorphism of CYP2A6 alone or in combination with smoking and hereditary susceptibility to bladder cancer.Methods Based on case-control study,CYP2A6*4 was determined by the nested polymerase chianreaction(nPCR)in 186 patients with bladder cancer and 192 nontumorous controls.The relations between the genetypes of CYP2A6*4 alone or combinated with smoking and bladder cancer was estimated with the X2 test and logistic regression model.Results In the case subjects,the number of the wil/wil genetype was 168,the number of the wil/del genetype was 13,and the number of the del/del genetype was 5.In the control subjects,the number of the wil/wil genetype was 150,the number of the wil/del genetype was 32,and the number of the del/del genetype was 10.The frequency of CYP2A6 del allele was significantly lower in the case Subjects(9.68%)than the controls(21.88%,P＜0.05,OR:0.383).When eombinated with smoking,the risk of bladder cancer in smokers was significantly higher than nonsmoker(P＜0.05,OR=2.322).In smokers,the frequency of CYP2A6 del allele was significantly lower in cases(7.88%)than controls(28.00%,P＜0.05,OR=0.221).In smoking people,the one with CYP2A6 del genotype had a lower risk of bladder cancer than the one with CYP2A6 wild genotype(OR=0.221,95%CI:0.092,0.534).Conclusions Genetic polymorphisms of CYP2A6 are associated with the susceptibility to bladder cancer and have interaction with smoking in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer.Deficient CYP2A6 activity to genetic polymorphism mayreduee bladder cancer risk in smokers.

Objective To compare the efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway Classic (CLMA), Streamlined Liner of Pharyngeal Airway (SLIPA) and laryngeal mask airway ProSeal (PLMA) in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Methods One hundred and twenty-three ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 20-64 yr undergoing elective laparoscopic surgery were randomly divided into 3 groups: CLMA group (group C, n =41 ), SLIPA group (group S, n =42) and PLMA group (group P, n =40). Laryngeal mask was inserted after induction of anesthesia with sufentanil 0.3 μg/kg, atracurium 0.5 mg/kg and propofol 2 mg/kg. Mll the patients were ventilated with intermittent positive-pressure ventilation. Anesthesia was maintained with contiunous infusion of propofol 6-8 mg· kg-1· h-1 and with supplementary administration of sufentsnil 0.1-0.2 μg/kg and atracurium 0.2 mg/kg as required. The degree of difficulty in inserting the laryngeal mask was evaluated. The rate of successful placement at first attempt, device placement time, recovery time and complications were recorded . Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP were recorded before pneumoperitoneum and when intra-abdominal pressure achieved 12 mm Hg. Results The placement was easier and the placement time and recovery time were significantly shorter in group S, and the placement time was significantly longer,the airway sealing pressure was significantly higher and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP was lower in group P than in group C ( P ＜ 0.05). The placement time and recovery time were significantly longer, the placement was harder, the airway sealing pressure was significantly higher, and the number of patients with an airway sealing pressure less than PIP was lower in group P than in group S ( P ＜ 0.05). PIP was significantiy higher when intra-abdominal pressure achieved 12 mm Hg than that before pneumoperitoneum in all the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications and rate of successful placement at first attempt among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion All the three airway devices can provide adequate ventilation during operation, with fewer complications. SLIPA placement is easiest. PLMA can assure good airway sealing and is most suitable for patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in performing percutaneous biopsy for peripheral lung lesions. Methods A total of 132 patients with peripheral lung lesions underwent ultrasonography-guided percutaneous biopsy. Of the 132 patients, 72 received CEUS examinations before biopsy (CEUS group), and 60 received simple biopsy with no CEUS examination (control group). The ultrasonography imaging characteristics, the times of puncture biopsy, the diagnostic accuracy rate and the incidence of complications were recorded , and the results were compared between the two groups. The clinical value of CEUS in improving the success rate of percutaneous biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions was analyzed. Results Necrosis(areas of echoless) was demonstrated in 44.4%of the patients (32/72) in CEUS group, while it was displayed in only 6.7% of the patients (4/60) in the control group. The demonstration rate of necrosis in CEUS group were statistically higher than that in the control group (P <0.01). In CEUS group coexisting local pulmonary atelectasis was found in 12.5%of the patients (9/72), and the pulmonary lesion within the atelectasis could be clearly displayed. In the control group, local pulmonary atelectasis was demonstrated only in 1.7% of patients (1/60), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracy rate of CEUS group and the control group was 95.8% (69/72) and 80% (48/60) respectively, the difference was significant (P<0.01). The average number of punctures in CEUS group and the control group was (2.4 ± 0.6) and (2.6 ± 0.6) times respectively, the difference was not significant. The incidence of complications in CEUS group and the control group was 2.8% and 3.3%respectively, the difference was not significant. No severe complications occurred in both groups. Conclusion CEUS examination that is carried out before percutaneous pulmonary biopsy can effectively demonstrate the inner structure of the lesion, thus the diagnosis can be correctly made. Therefore, CEUS is of great value in guiding percutaneous pulmonary biopsy.