Considerable knowledge about the biology of forest tree has been gained in the recent years by the application of the new genomic technologies to study tree growth and development as well as the response of trees to biotic and abiotic stresses. Proteomics is becoming an important content in the biology of forest tree. A review is given about the progress in forest tree proteomics research in the areas of population genetics, genetic mapping, stress physiology, organs and tissues, and wood formation, etc. Furthermore, forest tree proteome database is briefly introduced. Finally, the prospect of proteomics is discussed.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic action of Taurine in patients with cerebral infarction(CI)induced by hyperhomocysteinemia(Hhcy).Methods The 100 CI patients induced by Hhcy were randomly divided to two therapy groups.One group was administered Taurine,the other group was administered Folacin combined with Vitamine B12 for 8 weeks.Before and after treating,the serum levels of homocysteic acid(Hcy),Folacin and Vitamine B12 were detected,NIHSS and BI were evaluated.Results The serum levels of Hcy were significantly decreased after administering in both two groups(all P

To obtain a number of extracellular penicillinase,the gene(penp)encoding penicillinse of Bacillus cereus ATCC10987 was cloned into expression vector in Bacillus subtilis,transformed into Bacillus subtilis DB104 deficient in two proteases.When recombinant bacteria was cultured in LB medium for 24 hours,the result of SDS-PAGE showed that the molecular weight of the protein was 28kDa and the penicillinase activity reached 339U/ml.By screening seven different fermentation media,the result showed that 4# medium is favorable to producing penicillinase by the recombinant cells than the others,with the yield of the enzyme being 1580U/ml.When the recombinant cells was cultured in 7 liter fermentor for 24h,the penicillinase activity reached 1255.8U/ml.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious threat for human health, the incidence of HCC in China accounts for more than 50% worldwide. There is an urgent need to develop novel anticancer agents for the treatment of HCC patients. Here we characterized the inhibitory effect and the molecular mechanism of protopine on HCC cancer cells. The results of a CCK-8 assay indicated that protopine displays anticancer activities on HCC cells. Flow cytometry and JC-1 staining confirmed that treatment with protopine decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis in HCC cells. Western blot analysis showed that protopine was able to increase protein expression in the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway; the level of cytochrome C, apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), Bax, cleaved-poly ADP-ribose polymerase (cleaved-PARP), cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9 were increased while the expression of Bcl-2 was suppressed significantly. An in vivo study revealed that protopine significantly suppressed the growth of tumors in nude mice bearing HepG2 cells. Administration of protopine intraperitoneally at a concentration of 50 mg·kg^-1 inhibited tumor growth by 72.46%. Animal experiments were carried out according to the Regulation of the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University. This study provides preliminary evidence that there is potential to develop protopine as a lead compound for the treatment of HCC.

AIMTo isolate and determine the structures of chemical constituents from the seeds of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl.

METHODSThe chemical constituents were extracted from the seeds of Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl with 75% ethanol and purified by polyamide, silica gel, RP-C18 and Sephadex LH-20 on column chromatography. Chemical methods and spectroscopic methods, such as 1H and 13CNMR, HSQC, HMBC and TOCSY spectra were used for the structural identification.

RESULTSFifteen compounds were obtained. Twelve of them were identified as quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (I), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (II), isorhamnetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (III), quercetin-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (IV), kaempferol-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (V), isorhamnetin-7-O-beta-gentiobioside (VI), quercetin-3,7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VII), kaempferol-3, 7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (VIII), isorhamnetin-3, 7-di-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IX), kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-[(2-O-trans-sinnapoyl)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside) (X), sinapic acid ethyl ester (XI) and 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyl-cinnamic acid (XII).

CONCLUSIONCompounds X and VI are new compounds. IV, V, VII, VIII and IX were isolated from Cruciferae family for the first time. I, II, III were obtained from Descurania genus and XI, XII from D. sophia for the first time.

Brassicaceae ; chemistry ; Flavonols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Seeds ; chemistry

To produce antibodies capable of neutralizing botulinum neurotoxin type B(BoNT/B),We cloned the carboxy-terminal end of Hc containing the major determinants responsible for specific toxin,induced and purifed.The heavy-chain and kappa light-chain variable region gene repertoire of immunoglobulin were amplified individually from the spleen cell mRNA by RT-PCR and joined as a single-chain Fv(scFv)DNA fragment.These fragment were cloned into the phagemid pCANTAB5E and the phage display library was constructed.Results showed that the high affinity scFv was obtained after 4 rounds of panning,with its DNA sequence conforming to that of mouse antibody.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for the determination of quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-D-gentiobioside in Semen Descurainiae.

METHODHPLC was used with self-made quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-beta-D-gentiobioside as reference substances.

RESULTThe average collection was 99.78%, RSD 2.4%.

CONCLUSIONThe method is appropriate for quality control of Semen Descurainiae.

Brassicaceae ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Seeds ; chemistry

Using the qualified rates of particles as the evaluation indexes, the impact tactors of one-step pelletization technology of Jiuwei Xifeng granules were selected from six factors by the Plackett-Burman experimental design and the levels of non-significant factors were identified. According to the Plackett-Burman experimental design, choosing the qualified rates of particles and angle of repose as the evaluation indexes, three levels of the three factors were selected by Box-Behnken of central composite design to optimize the experimental. The best conditions were as follows: the fluid extract was sprayed with frequency of 29 r . min-1, inlet air temperature was 90 °C, the frequency of fan was 34 Hz. Under the response surface methodology optimized scheme, the average experimental results are similar to the predicted values, and surface methodology could be used in the optimization of one-step pelletization for Chinese materia medica.
Air Movements ; Analysis of Variance ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hot Temperature ; Models, Theoretical ; Research Design ; Tablets

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of orthodontic treatment on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion.

METHODSSixteen adult female low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion were included in the study. All patients were treated with OPA-K straight wire technique. Lateral cephalometric and corrected transcranial projection films were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric analysis was carried out. All data were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSAfter orthodontic treatment, the linear measurement and area of anterior space in TMJ increased by 0.27 mm (P < 0.001) and 0.70 mm(2) (P < 0.01), respectively, while the posterior space decreased by 0.24 mm and 0.67 mm(2), respectively (P < 0.001). Linear ratio decreased from 22.13% to 9.64% (P < 0.001), and area proportion decreased from 1.56 to 1.19 (P < 0.01). Anterior space became equal to the posterior space. Cephalometric analysis showed that point Co, Ar, Go and Pg were all retruded (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAfter orthodontic therapy, the condyle moved posteriorly to normal concentric position, which would be helpful in alleviating temporomandibular disorders (TMD) symptom in adult low-angle patients with skeletal class III malocclusion.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III ; pathology ; therapy ; Matched-Pair Analysis ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Retrospective Studies ; Temporomandibular Joint ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of IKKε knock-down on the biological characteristics of U251 glioblastoma cells. Methods IKKε small interfering RNA (IKKε siRNA) mediated by lipofectamine were transfected into U251 cells while cells transfected with scrambled siRNA and control cells were prepared.RT-PCR was employed to detect expressions of IKKε in the transfected cells.The cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay.Flow cytometry was used to monitor changes in cell cycle.Cell invasion was evaluated by Transwell assay.Moreover,the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),cyclin D 1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) that regulated proliferation,invasion and cycle progression of the transfected cells and the changes of NF-κB after transfection were examined by Western blotting. Results RT-PCR revealed that the proliferation of U251 cells was inhibited,the cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase and the invasive activity was attenuated in cells transfected with IKKe siRNA,with significant differences as compared with the cells transfected with scrambled siRNA and control cells (P＜0.05).The expressions ofPCNA,MMP9 and cyclin D1 were down-regulated in the IKKε knock-down cells, as compared with the other 2 groups. In addtion, transposition of NF-κB reduced from the cytoplasm to the nucleus after transfection. Conclusion As IKKε plays a vital role in proliferation and invasion of glioma cells,it may serve as a potential target ofgene therapy for glioma.