One hundred and sixteen patients with lower limb fracture were screened by Doppler ultrasound for deep vein thrombosis(DVT) of bilateral lower extremities within the first 72 h, d7 and d21 after fracture. Results showed that DVT was detected in 31 (26. 7% ) out of 116 cases within 72 h; at d7 and d21 DVT was detected in 3 and 1 patient respectively with a cumulated DVT rate of 30. 2% in 3 weeks.Serial Doppler ultrasonography is of value in screening for DVT of the lower extremities in patients with lower limb fracture at early stage.

To investigate the metabolic rate and metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide, which is the main active ingredient in Xiyanping injection, by using the in vitro rat liver microsome incubation system. 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was incubated together with liver microsome mixed with NADPH. Its metabolic rate was studied by determining its residual concentrations with the UHPLC-MS/MS method; Its metabolites were identified by the UPLC-TOF-MS(E) method. The results showed that 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide was metabolized faster than rat liver microsomes mixed with coenzymes, with t½ and CL of (19.7 ± 0.5) min and (35.1 ± 0.8) mL x min(-1) x g(-1) (protein), respectively. Based on the high resolution mass spectrum data and information from literatures, altogether nine metabolites of 9-dehydro-17-dehydro-andrographolide were identified in the incubation system, particularly hydroxylated and dehydrogenized products. The results of identification would provide a basis for screening out more active andrographolide derivatives.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Microsomes, Liver ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Molecular Structure ; Rats ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective: Based on nationwide cardiovascular surgery registry database, to analyze the current status and future development of minimally invasive cardiovascular surgery (MICS) in China.
Methods: There were 45 institutions from 19 provinces nationwide involved in Chinese cardiovascular surgery technique registry study. A total of 16480 adult patients with cardiovascular surgery from 2010-09 to 2012-03 were divided into 2 groups, Conventional surgery group, n=14503 and MICS group, n=1977. The basic clinical conditions were analyzed and compared between 2 groups in order to explore the current status and future development of MICS in China.
Results: Compared with Conventional surgery group, the patients in MICS group had the younger age, better and stable pre-operative condition. In MICS group, compared with 4 other common procedures, the patients who received hybrid procedure had obviously shorter cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic occlusion time, ventilator using time, ICU and in-hospital stay time, meanwhile decreased post-operative drainage volume;except for Robotic surgery, it required less red blood cells and plasma at during and post-operative time, all P<0.01. There were 12 (0.6%) in-hospital death in MICS group, the total complication rate was at 4%.
Conclusion: MICS are widely used in China, its short-term safety and efifcacy are conifrmed. Upon cardiovascular disease spectrum changing, the MICS procedures will be adjusted accordingly.

Objective To study the influence of cochlear implantation on residual hearing in children .Methods Behavioral audiometry were performed pre -implant and 3~21 months post -implant on thirty -four cochlear implant recipients with severe to profound hearing loss .According to follow -up time ,they were divided into 2 groups which were Group A(3~12 months ,21 cases) and Group B(≥13 months ,13 cases) .The thresholds at 250 Hz ,500 Hz ,1 000 Hz and 2 000 Hz were analyzed .Results There were 25 out of 34 patients (73 .53% ) had partial residual hearing after cochlear implantation .Comparing to the hearing loss pre -operation and post -operation , which were most obvious at 500 Hz ,followed by 250 Hz ,1 000 Hz ,2 000 Hz (P<0 .05) ,and there were significant different among different frequencies .There was significant difference at different frequencies at hearing loss thresh-olds only in Group A .But there was no significant difference in Group B .With the prolonged time after the cochlear implantation ,residual hearing at all frequencies showed a trend of recovery .Conclusion The residual hearing could be partial preserved after cochlear implant in pediatric patients with severe to profound hearing impaired ,the residu-al hearing at lower frequencies (250 Hz ,500 Hz) were less affected than those at higher frequencies .With the pro-longed time after the cochlear implantation ,the residual hearing showed a certain degree of recovery .

Objective To study the clinical significance and changes of serum cardiac troponin I (CTnI) levels in children's viral encephalitis merged with myocarditis or myocardium injury.Methods CTnI and myocardium zymogram levels were detected in 40 children with viral encephalitis and other 40 children as the controls by means of ELISA.Results CTnI and myocardium zymogram levels in viral encephalitis were significantly higher than those in controls(P

Objective To investigate the possibility of MRI on visualizing the relationship between glossopharyngeal nerve and surrounding vessels,and to evaluate the significance of MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia.Methods MRI findings were analyzed retrospectively in 12 patients with glossopharyngeal neuralgia,and were compared with surgical findings and effect of pain relief.Results The artery compression or contact of the glossopharyngeal entry zone,as revealed during operation in l0 patients with glossopharyngeal neuralgia,was visualized on MRI in 9 and not seen in 1.The venous compression of the glossopharyngeal entry zone was not identified on MRI in 1.The conglutinative arachnoids of the glossopharyngeal entry zone was not visualized on MRI in 1.MRI demonstrated the affected glossopharyngeal nerve root entry zone was compressed or contacted by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)in 8 patients and by the vertebral artery in 1 patient.One patient's offending vessel was confirmed to be the anterior inferior cerebellar artery(AICA)by the operation,and the surgical findings were corresponded with MRI in others.Vascular compression or contact of the affected glossopharyngeal nerve was not visualized on MRI in 3 patients,and operation confirmed that the glossopharyngeal nerve root entry zone was compressed by unknown artery in 1,by small vein in 1,and by eonglutinative araehnoids in 1, respectively.Eight patients presented with symptoms of the ipsilateral trigeminal neuralgia concurrently.The compression of the affected trigeminal nerve root by superior cerebellar artery(SCA)was visualized on MRI in 6 patients,and operation did not reveal the source of artery compression in 1 and corresponded with MRI findings in other 5 cases.Vascular compression of affected trigeminal nerve was not visualized on MRI in 2 patients,and intraoperative inspection revealed that trigeminal nerve root was compressed by draining vein of brainstem in 1 and not compressed by any vessels in 1.All patient's neuralgia resolved after microvascular decompression of glossopharyngeal nerve and trigeminal nerve.Conclusion It is possible to visualize the glossopharyngeal and surrounding arteries on MRI,and it is of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of metastatic carcinoma in bone and to evaluate the role of immunohistochemistry in delineation of possible primary sites.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-one cases of metastatic carcinoma in bone encountered during the period from 1998 to 2004 in People's Hospital, Peking University, were reviewed retrospectively. The clinical information, radiographic features and pathologic findings were analyzed. Immunohistochemical study for antigens including cytokeratins, prostatic specific antigen, thyroglobulin, thyroid transcription factor 1 and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15, was performed in 51 cases possessing skeletal metastasis with unknown primary.

RESULTSSkeletal metastasis occurred more commonly in males (male to female ratio = 1.7:1). The age of patients ranged from 23 to 86 years (mean age = 56.5). The presenting symptoms included pain and dysfunction in the affected bones. The locations of skeletal metastasis were as follows: spine (58), pelvic bone (46), long bone (34) and others (3). Twenty-three cases harbored multiple bony lesions. Radiographically, 99 cases (70.2%) of skeletal metastasis were detected by X-rays, including 85 cases (85.9%) showing lytic changes. The primary sites of the tumor could be determined by clinicopathologic correlation in 90 cases (63.8%) and were unknown in the remaining 51 cases. Upon immunohistochemical study, the primary sites were determined in another 40 cases. Overall, the primary sites were identified in 130 cases (92.2%), which included lung (37), female genital system and breast (25), kidney (18), gastrointestinal system (17), liver (12), thyroid (11), prostate (7), bladder (2) and skin (1).

CONCLUSIONSSkeletal metastasis occurs more often in elderly males. Axial bones (spine and pelvis) are usually affected. Lung and female genital system are frequent the primary sites. Immunohistochemical study is useful in cases with occult primary.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Carcinoma ; complications ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects and regulatory mechanism of ILK on angiogenesis in hypertrophic scar.

METHODSThe human scar microvascular endothelial cells (HSMECs) were isolated from 6 patients' hypertrophic scar in vitro. The HSMECs with good condition in 2nd to 4th generation were selected as experimental objectives. (1) HSMECs were divided into the blank control group (treated with routine culture), negative control group (treated with only Lipofectamine 2000), LY294002 group (incubated with 50 nmol/L LY294002), ILK siRNA group (incubated with 20 nmol/L ILK siRNA). RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression of ILK mRNA and its protein after transfecion for 48 h. (2) The digested HSMECs of four groups were resuspended with DMEM without serum and then seeded onto the upper compartment of transwell insert which contained complete medium in its lower compartment. The cell migration experiment was stopped in 10 h and then the migrated cells were counted to analyze the effects of different interventions on the migration ability of HSMECs. (3) The thawed ECMatrix was put into each well of pre-colled 48-well tissue culture plate, and then the plate was put into the incubator at 37 degrees C to make it to become gel. The HSMECs of four groups were seeded onto the surface of the ECMatrix gel and were put into incubator. Eight random view-fields per well should be valued by the sheet of pattern recognition about angiogenesis after 8 hours to evaluate the ability of angiogenesis in vitro between four groups.

RESULTS(1) The expression of ILK mRNA (ILK mRNA = 0.829 +/- 0.109, t = 13.151, P = 0.006) and protein (ILK protein = 0.096 +/- 0.049, t = 36.656, P = 0.000) were both inhibited obviously in ILK siRNA group compared with the blank control group (ILK mRNA = 0.829 +/- 0.109, ILK protein = 1). And, the expression of ILK in LY294002 group was slightly lower than that of black control group, but there was no statistical difference. (2) The number of migrated cells in ILK siRNA group (88.111 +/- 3.079) and LY294002 group (138. 667 +/- 2.404) were respectively lower than that in blank control group (322.333 +/- 3.712, P < 0. 05) in 10th hour. (3) Compared to blank control group (4.333 +/- 0.191), the ability of angiogenesis in vitro decreased significantly ILK siRNA group (2.625 +/- 0.125) and LY294002 group (3.125 +/- 0.250), in which, the vascular network structures were not formed perfectly in 8th hour (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe ability of HSMECs' migration and angiogenesis in vitro are inhibited significantly when the expression of ILK is down-regulated. It reveals that ILK may play an role in the regulation of scar angiogenesis.

Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Chromones ; pharmacology ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; enzymology ; pathology ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lipids ; pharmacology ; Morpholines ; pharmacology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; etiology ; pathology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; metabolism

This study is to establish the HPLC fingerprint and determine eight components of Callicarpa nudiflora, and provide a scientific basis for the identification and quality control. The Waters sunfire C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 µm) was used and the detection wavelength was 330 nm . The column temperature was 30 °C. The mobile phases were acetonitrile (A) and 0.1% formic acid (B) eluting in a gradient program at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1). The chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluation system for tradition Chinese medicine(2012) was used for analysis. C. nudiflora from different samples were of high similarity in fingerprint and the separation of ten components was good. There was an obvious difference between other samples and C. nudiflora leaves. In quantitative analysis, the ten components showed good regression(R2 > 0 999 0) with linear ranges, and their recoveries were in the range of 96.0%-105.0%. The established qualitative and quantitative methods are highly specific, simple and accurate, which can be used for the identification and quality control of C. nudiflora.
Callicarpa ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIM: To investigate and analyze the changes of corneal biomechanics of normal eyes,forme frusta keratoconus eyes,subclinical keratoconus eyes and clinical keratoconus eyes by Corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST),and provide clinical basis for early diagnosis of keratoconus.METHODS: Case-control study.We randomly selected 40 normal eyes as normal group,15 forme frusta keratoconus eyes as forme frusta keratoconus group,23 subclinical keratoconus eyes as subclinical keratoconus group,and 40 clinical keratoconus eyes as keratoconus group.The biomechanical parameters of each group were measured by Corvis ST.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves was plotted to distinguish keratoconus from the normal cornea.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the parameters of biomechanics between normal group and forme frusta keratoconus group (P>0.05).Compared to normal group and subclinical keratoconus group,the parameters second applanation length(AL2),first velocity of applanation (AV1),central curvature radius at highest concavity (HC-radius),deformation amplitude (DA) were revealed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The biomechanical parameters of the keratoconic group were significantly different from those of normal group except for the second velocity of applanation (AV2),time from the start until the highest concavity(HC-time),peak distance (PD).ROC curve showed that the DA(area under the curve:0.891±0.028) was the best predictive parameter to distinguish keratoconus from the normal eyes.CONCLUSION: The corneal biomechanical parameters of forme frusta keratoconus group are not changed compared with normal group.The changes between normal group and subclinical keratoconus group should combine with other technology to further improve subclinical keratoconic screening.Compared with normal corneas,keratoconus has a great change in biomechanics,which DA diagnosis of the highest efficiency.