Through the questionnaire survey of 2,000 patients with dysmenorrhea, the clinical characteristics of dysmenorrhea were investigated, and the reference basis for preventing and controlling dysmenorrhea was provided. The results found that the age of menarche, short menstrual cycle, by volume, long period of time has no obvious relationship with the occurrence of dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea main influence factors to feel cold; syndrome (symptoms) characteristics for the actual situation inclusions mainly, with severity, deficiency symptoms more obvious; in different degrees of dysmenorrhea, frequency of belly chills symptoms appear most, and cold coagulation and blood stasis syndrome (symptoms) appear higher frequency; The type of cold coagulation and blood stasis dysmenorrhea was 53.2%. Dysmenorrhea measures to select bed rest most, accounting for 79.6%. For severe dysmenorrhea in patients with drug choice to traditional Chinese combined with western medicine accounted for 43.4%. Selection of Chinese medicine formulations in patients with dysmenorrhea Decoction formulation accounted for the most 26.5%. The survey results, to avoid cold and have a positive effect on the prevention of dysmenorrhea, dysmenorrhea treatment should pay attention to warming channels to dispel cold.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Dysmenorrhea ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

AIM: To immediately observe the complication of corneal flap after LASIK surgery.
METHODS:A retrospective case series were studies. Totally 2 040 cases ( 4 080 eyes ) from January 2010 to October 2012 in our hospital were collected, the corneal flap was observed using lamp microscope after LASIK within 30min. Corneal flap dislocation, corneal flap strial and intraface debris were examined after operation, the effective treatment and controlled measure should be taken for these complications.
RESULTS: Postoperative complications were corneal flap dislocation 102 eyes (2. 5%), corneal flapstriae 95 eyes (2. 33%), interface debris 105 eyes (2.57%). No failure case was seen. There had no corneal flap-related complications, which seriously impact the visual quality after the surgery.
CONCLUSION: Carefully postoperative examination at the first - time is an effective way to manage some complications of post - LASIK. Thus promoting the diagnosis and treatment of post-LASIK complications.

Objective To determine the effect of exogenous wild-type p53(WT-p53) on the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines possessing different p53 functional status.Methods With recombinant adenoviral vector expressing WT-p53(Ad-p53),p53 gene was transfected into HCC cell lines:Bel-7402,QGY-7701, and PLC/PRF/5.The cytotoxicities of Ad-p53 to these cell lines were measured by MTT assay,cell growth properties and cell cycle pattern were assessed by flow cytometry.Results The OD of PLC/PRF/5, Bel-7402,and QGY-7701 cells transfected with Ad-p53 of 40,200,and 800 MOI were 0.02?0.00 vs 0.98?0.16(P0.05),compared with control groups respectively. Analysis of flow cytometry showed higher G2/M? lower S and apoptosis ratio in PLC/PRF/5 cells,while higher G0/G1 ratio and lower S ratio in Bel-7402 cells. ConclusionReplication-deficient adenoviral vector expressing WT-p53 may be useful for gene therapy in HCC regardless the status of endogenous p53.

Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics

Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy ; Rheumatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy

Objective To investigate the effects of Ruangan granule on transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway in liver fibrosis in rats. Methods A total of 105 Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group and colchicine, Dahuang-Zhechong pill group, high-, medium- and low-dose Ruangan granule groups (n=15 in each group). Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride and a high-cholesterol diet. After modeling, the low-, medium- and high-dose Ruangan granule groups were intragastric administrated Ruangan granule mixed suspension 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g/(kg?d), respectively;Dahuang-Zhechong pill group was administrated with Dahuang-Zhechong pellets mixed suspension of 0.18 g/(kg?d);the colchicine group was intragastric administrated with colchicine mixed suspension of 0.108 mg/(kg?d);and the normal control group and the model group were intragastric administrated with the equal volume of distilled water. All rats were intragastric administrated for 8 weeks. The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad3 and Smad7 proteins in the liver tissue were detected with immunohistochemical staining method. The expressions of TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad7 mRNAs in the liver tussue were detected by RT-PCR. Results The expressions of TGF-β1 (2.59 ± 0.99 vs. 0.43 ± 0.21) and Smad3 (2.56 ± 0.67 vs. 0.41 ± 0.18) proteins and TGF-β1 mRNA (2.25 ± 0.21 vs. 0.71 ± 0.09) and Smad3 (2.34 ± 0.03 vs. 0.78 ± 0.12) mRNAs in the model group were significantly increased than those in the normal control group (all P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expressions of TGF-β1 (1.12 ± 0.27 vs. 2.59 ± 0.99) and Smad3 (1.05 ± 0.34 vs. 2.56 ± 0.67) proteins in the high-dose Ruangan granule group decreased significantly, the expression of Smad7 increased significantly (2.33 ± 0.62 vs. 0.36 ± 0.18), and the expressions of TGF-β1 (1.09 ± 0.11 vs. 2.25 ± 0.21) and Smad3 (1.10 ± 0.02 vs. 2.34 ± 0.03) mRNAs decreased significantly, the expression of smad7 mRNA (1.18 ± 0.13 vs. 0.38 ± 0.11) increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Ruangan granule can regulate the TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway via down-regulation of TGF-β1, Smad3 and up-regulation of Smad7 in liver fibrosis in rats.

Objective To observe theRuangan granule on liver fibrosis in rats liver pathology change, the influence of hepatic function and hepatic fibrosis indexes, and to discusses the mechanism of its action to provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.Methods A total of 105 Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group and a colchicines group, and Dahuang-Zhechong pill group, high-, medium- and low-doseRuangan granule groups (n=15 in each group). Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride and a high-cholesterol diet. After modeling, the low-, medium- and high-doseRuangan granule groups were intragastric administratedRuangan granule mixed suspension 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 g/(kg?d), respectively;Dahuang-Zhechong pill group was administrated with Dahuang-Zhechong pellets mixed suspension of 0.18 g/(kg?d); the colchicine group was intragastric administrated with colchicine mixed suspension of 0.108 mg/(kg?d); and the normal control group and the model group were intragastric administrated with the equal volume of distilled water. All rats were intragastric administrated for 8 weeks. HE staining and Masson trichromatic collagen staining were used to observe the pathological changes of liver While the change of AST, ALT, PH, TP and serum HA, LN, C-Ⅳ, PCⅢin blood serum were detected. Results Masson trichromatic collagen staining showed that, the percentage of liver collagen fiber area in rats of theRuangan granule high-dose group was significantly decreased (7.06 ± 1.18) % compared with model group (23.49 ± 1.34) %, colchicine group (11.35 ± 1.83) %, rhubarb worm pill group (15.27 ± 1.22) %,Ruangan granule medium-dose group (14.52 ± 1.75) %, and low dose group (16.08 ± 1.56) % (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Compared with model group,Ruangan granule high-dose group rats serum AST (75.86 ± 5.23 U/Lvs. 157.62 ± 24.04) U/L, the ALT (80.15 ± 5.94 U/Lvs. 160.58 ± 26.47) U/L, PH (52.58 ± 4.98μg/Lvs. 98.66 ± 6.75)μg/L significantly reduced, TP (74.19 ± 3.56 g/Lvs. 51.73 ± 5.92)g/L increased significantly (P<0.01).Ruangan granule high-dose group rats serum HA (277.22 ± 106.34 ng/mlvs. 553.19 ± 172.38 ng/ml), LN (89.82 ± 5.68 ng/mlvs. 134.25 ± 10.64 ng/ml), C-Ⅳ (47.94 ± 8.65 ng/mlvs. 84.18 ± 13.83 ng/ml), PCⅢ (16.53 ± 4.88 ng/mlvs.31.57 ± 5.35 ng/ml) decreased significantly in the model group (P<0.01).ConclusionRuangan granule has obvious effects for resisting liver fibrosis.

This study taking gestodene (GEST) as a model, investigated the factors affecting reservoir-type intravaginal ring (IVR)'s drug release. This paper reported a gestodene intravaginal ring of reservoir design, comprising a gestodene silicone elastomer core encased in a non-medicated silicone sheath, separately manufactured by reaction injection moulding at 80 degrees C and heating vulcanization at 130 degrees C is reported. The test investigated the factors affecting drug release through a single variable method, taking the drug release rates of 21 days as standards. When changing the thickness of the controlling sheath outside, the ratio of the first day of drug release and mean daily release (MDR), named the relatively burst effect, is closing to 1 with the thickness of controlling sheath increasing, while the 1.25 mm sheath corresponding to 1.04 controlled the burst release effectively; a positive correlation (r = 0.992 2) existed between the average drug release (Q/t) and drug loading (A) within a certain range. The C6-165 controlling sheath with high solubility of GEST is easier to achieve controlled release of the drug; GEST crystalline power is more effective to implement controlled release of drugs among difficent states of the drug. A 1/4 fractional segment core gives a relatively burst effect of 1.76, while the 1/1 and 1/2 are 1.93 and 1.87 separately, at the same drug loading, concluding that use of a fractional segment core would allow development of a suitable GEST reservoir IVR. In summary, GEST reservoir-type IVR could be adjusted by the thickness of controlling sheath, the loading of drug, the material properties of controlling sheath, the dispersion state of drug, the additive composition and structure of intravaginal ring, to control the drug release behavior and achieve the desired drug release rate.
Administration, Intravaginal ; Contraceptive Agents, Female ; administration & dosage ; Contraceptive Devices, Female ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Delivery Systems ; methods ; Norpregnenes ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Silicone Elastomers ; chemistry ; Solubility

Objective To study the role of esophagogastric junction contractile index (EGJ-CI) in evaluating the function of anti-reflux barrier,and in differentiating patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) from those with functional heartburn (FH).Methods A total of 115 patients presenting heartburn were enrolled in the study from January 2012 to June 2015.All subjects had completed Gerd-Q questionnaire and undergone gastroscopy,24-hour pH-impedance monitoring and esophageal high-resolution manometry.GERD patients were divided into as reflux esophagitis,acid-nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) and weakly acid-NERD groups.Patients with normal esophageal mucosa,normal acid exposure and negative proton pump inhibitor test were enrolled in FH group.EGJ-CI (mmHg · cm) as well as EGJ rest pressure and 4s integrated relaxation pressure (IRP 4s) were measured.Results Among the 115 patients,18 were reflux esophagitis [(49.0 ± 18.9) years,M ∶ F =10 ∶ 8],25 were acid-NERD [(48.7 ± 14.4) years,M∶F=13∶ 12],37 were weakly acid-NERD [(52.0 ±14.8) years,M∶F=15∶22] and 35 were FH [(53.6 ± 14.8),M∶ F =8∶27].No differences of Gerd-Q scores were noticed between the four groups.(1) Negative correlations were demonstrated between EGJ-CI and esophageal acid exposure time (r =-0.283,P =0.002),EGJ-CI and acid reflux events (r =-0.233,P =0.012),EGJ-CI and weakly acid reflux events (r =-0.213,P =0.022),EGJ-CI and non-acid reflux events (r =-0.200,P =0.032).(2)The value of EGJ-CI was significantly higher in FH patients than in the three subgroups of GERD(all P ＜ 0.01).EGJ rest pressure of FH group was higher than that of acid-NERD (P ＜ 0.01).IRP 4s in acid-NERD group was lower than that of FH and weakly acid-NERD (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The area under curve (AUC) of EGJ-CI was higher than that of EGJ-CIT,EGJ rest pressure or IRP 4s (0.686 vs 0.678,0.641 and 0.578).The cut-off value of EGJ-CI to differentiate GERD from FH was 9.74 mmHg · cm with sensitivity 82.86％ and specificity 51.52％.Conclusions The EGJ-CI values are negatively correlated with esophageal acid exposure time,weakly acid reflux events and non-acid reflux events.Thus it might be used as a metric to reflect the anti-reflux function of EGJ.According to the cut-off value of EGJ-CI 9.74 mmHg · cm,patients with GERD can be sensitively differentiated from patients with FH.

Objective To investigate the effect of different cryopreservation time on energy metabolism and reperfusion injury in rat to rat liver transplantation and the mechanism of liver function recovery in early period after operation.Methods The cryopreservation time of donor livers from 90 Wistar rats were 30 min,6 or 12 h in 4 ℃ UW solution.Then orthotopic liver transplantation were performed in another 90 Wistar rats.Another 6 rats served as normal controls.At 12 h,24 h,3 d,5 d,7 d after portal vein reperfusion,blood and liver tissue were obtained to determine the levels of ALT,AST,SOD,ATPase and ATP,and the pathologic changes of liver tissue were observed.Results At 12 h after operation,the levels of ALT and AST were significantly higher(P