Background In recent years,some researches show that getting younger over the diabetes mellitus (DM) was an obrious trend.But studies of early diabetic retinopathy in young people with diabetes were few.Both patients and doctors did not put enough importance on it.Objective This study was to evaluate the earlier dynamic changes of retina morphology and function caused by type 2 DM in young population.Methods A cohort study was designed.One hundred and thirty-six young patients who were initially diagnosed as type 2 DM in Cangzhou Central Hospital were included from January to March in 2010 and 91 healthy individuals with the matched age were enrolled at the same period.Glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc) level in blood was assayed yearly,and ophthalmoscope,optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual contrast sensitivity (CS) examinations were performed to evaluate the dynamic changes of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness around optical disc,retinal function and retinal microvessels of DM patients.In addition,the correlation between RNFL thickness or CS and average HbAlc level in DM patients was assessed.This study followed Declaration of Helsinki,and written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results The levels of HbAlc in DM patients were (7.5 ±1.6) ％,(7.2 ±1.6) ％,(7.4 ±1.6) ％,(7.6±1.6)％ and (7.7 ±1.6)％ in 2010,2011,2012,2013 and 2014,respectively,and HbAlc≥7.0％ was observed in 74 patients (54.4％).The RNFL thicknesses of full optic disk and superior 1/4 quadrant of the optic disk were significantly declined in 2012,2013 and 2014 in the DM group compared with the normal control group (full disk:t =2.216,5.003,7.303;all at P ＜ 0.05.superior 1/4 quadrant:t =2.382,5.657,7.194;all at P ＜ 0.05),but no significant differences were found between them in 2010 and 2011 (all at P＞0.05).In the DM group,RNFL thicknesses of full optic disk were (99.94±10.01) μm and (96.32±10.32) μm in 2013 and 2014,which were significantly lower than (104.55±9.23) μm in 2010 (t=7.819,13.959,both at P＜0.05);the RNFL thicknesses of superior 1/4 quadrant around disk were (118.64± 13.98) μm and (115.06 ± 14.35) μm in 2013 and 2014,which were significantly lower than (127.48± 13.67) μm in 2010 (t =10.504,14.758,both at P＜0.05),However,the RNFL thicknesses were not significantly changed among the different time points in the normal control group (all at P＞0.05).In addition,the CS values of 3.0,6.0,12.0,18.0 c/d in 2013 and 2014 in the DM group were lower than those in the normal control group (all at P＜0.05),and the CS values in 2013 and 2014 were reduced in comparison with 2010 in the DM group (all at P＜0.05).Positive correlations were found between the differences of RNFL thickness or CS and the average HbAlc level in the DM group (r =0.640,F =8.991,P =0.000;r =0.541,F =7.572,P =0.000).Retinal microaneurysms were seen in two type 2 DM patients by ophthalmoscope at the end of follow-up.Conclusions The young people with type 2 DM have poor blood glucose control.The RNFLs are thinning and visual functions are declining in young type 2 DM patients with the lapse of disease course,and these retinal damages are associated with poor control of blood glucose.

Objective To investigate the role of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in partial pathologic process of lung injury in rat models of fat embolism syndrome (FES).Methods A total of 120 healthy male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control group and FES group which was subgrouped at 4,6,12,24,and 48 hours with 20 mice per group,according to the random number table.Allogeneic perinephric fat was injected to rat caudal veins in FES groups.Lung samples were harvested from each group to examine pathological morphology and lung weight to dry ratio (W/D) to verify the FES models and observe the pathologic process.Expression of AQP4 was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry.Additional 36 C57BL/6J mice were divided into control group,DMSO group,FES 12-hour group,and AQP4 inhibitor group according to the random number table,with 9 mice per group.Pathologic process of FES-induced lung injury was detected after the inhibition of AQP4.Results Damage to lung tissues was notable in FES group compared with control group.Lung W/D value was 5.06 ± 1.23,5.22 ± 1.58,6.18 ± 1.65,and 5.07 ± 0.31 at 6,12,24,and 48 hours respectively,which was higher than 3.16 ± 1.58 in control group (F =3.62,P ＜ 0.05).Expression of AQP4 was 1.71 ± 1.05 at 12 hours and 1.28 ± 0.68 at 24 hours in FES group,which showed significantly increase when compared with 0.65 ±0.08 in control group (F =4.12,P ＜0.01),whereas at 4 hours (0.76 ± 0.36),6 hours (1.17 ± 0.60),and 48 hours (0.85 ±0.45) in FES group,no statistical difference was observed when compared to control group.W/D value in FES 12-hour group (5.22 ± 1.17),DMSO group (4.96 ±1.66),and AQP4 inhibitor group (3.25 ± 1.19) was higher than 3.03 ± 1.68 in control group (F =3.69,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,there was no statistical difference between DMSO and FES 12-hour groups,but significantly lowered W/D value was observed in AQP4 inhibitor group than in FES 12-hour group.Conclusion AQP4 may be implicated in mitigating lung injury induced by FES.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy

Bee/wasp sting associated ischemia stroke is very rare.Its early clinical manifestation,especial level of consciousness,is serious than general cerebral infarction.There is no specificity with laboratory examination.Most of the infarction lesions involve two or two more regions detection by brain computerized tomographic scanning/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI).Parts of the occlusion vessels could recanalization.Therapy with hormones and antihistamine has certain effect.Most of patients have approving prognosis.The pathological mechanism is mainly associated with doctrine such as vascular inflammation,vascular spasm,immune hyperfunction,brain tissue hypoperfusion and retrograde stimulation of the superior cervical ganglion.

AIM: To observe the changes of the number of NKT cells in spleens and livers of induced model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and to study the role NKT cells play in the immunoregulation of EAE. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were immunized with MOG<,35-55> peptide and received clinical evaluation daily. The mice were sacrificed at the fastigium and the splenic and hepatic lymphocytes were isolated. The changes of NKT cells in normal and EAE C57BL/6 mice were detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percent of NKT cells in lymphocytes of different organs of EAE model were greater decreased than in that of normal mice. The percent of NKT cells in splenic lymphocytes of normal mice was 2.22± 0.14, while that in EAE mice was 1.94±0.07 (P < 0.05). The percent of NKI cells in hepatic lymphocytes of normal mice was 5.52±2.17, while that in EAE mice was 2.67± 1.41 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The proliferation of splenic and hepatic NKT cells in C57BL/6 mice are inhibited in EAE model, which may indicate that the immune function conducted by NKT cell is down regulated in EAE mice.

Network guard is a pivotal factor for the normal operation of a hospital. To ensure the network information security of the hospital, the author explored the construction of a support system for information security in the hospital based on the analysis of the status quo of hospital information security in the perspectives of technology, staff, rules and regulations, and proposed some methods for its construction, involving platform security, data security, application security, network guard, human resource, and institutional improvement. The management of the information security system construction is an effective means of achieving the goal, which calls for standardization and institutionalization for the construction of a perfect, multileveled and systematic platform of network information security to ensure the safe, stable and highly efficient operation of the information system in the hospital.

By using enrichment culture in liquid minimal medium or direct culture on minimal medium plates, thirteen bacterial strains (AD27-AD39) capable of utilizing atrazine as a sole nitrogen source for growth were isolated from a mixture of industrial wastewater and sludge from an atrazine manufacturing plant. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, eleven strains were identified as Arthrobacter spp. and two strans were identified as Pseudomonas spp.. We further studied in detail the composition of atrazine-degrading genes and degradation characteristics of Arthrobacter sp. AD30 and Pseudomonas sp. AD39 that have high degradative activity. From PCR assays, it was indicated that both AD30 and AD39 strains contained atrazine-degrading genes trzN and atzBC and was capable of degrading toxic atrazine to nontoxic cyanuric acid. The biodegradation experiments showed that the percentage of atrazine removal were 92.5%,were 92.5%, 97.9% and 99.6% respectively after AD30, AD39 or the mixture of the two strains were inocu- lated and incubated at 30?C for 48 hours in minimal media containing 200 mg/L atrazine, indicating that atrazine degradation by the mixed bacteria was more effective than the single strain. In addition, after industrial wastewater containing 176 mg/L atrazine was inoculated with the mixed bacteria and incubated at 30?C with shaking for 72 hours atrazine were removed by 99.1%, implicating that the mixed bacteria are good candidate for biotreatment of atrazine-containing industrial wastewater.

Objective To evaluate the eff ec t of snail control with niclosamide ethanolamine salt dustable powder (DP) in th e marshland of the Yangtze River ahead of the schedule in spring, and to underst and the impact of the low temperature to molluscicidal effect of the dusting. Methods The snail control test with niclosamide ethanolamine salt dustable powder was carried out under different te mperatures in laboratory. Then the snail control was undertaken in the marshland of the Yangtze River ahead of the schedule in spring, and the molluscicidal ef fect was observed and the temperature changes were also considered. Results When the temperature was 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ respectively, there was no significant difference on the molluscicidal effec t of niclosamide ethanolamine salt DP in laboratory. The average atmosphere temp erature in each day was 8.9-16.3 ℃ from the last ten-day of March to the fir st ten-day of April in Nanjing regions. The corrected mortality of snails and the r educed rates of density of snails were 95.38% and 99.97% respectively on the s ur face of the soil in the marshland field. The corrected mortality and the reduced rates of density of snails were 79.30% and 70.59% respectively in the surface l ayer of the soil. Conclusion The impact of air t emperature is little to the molluscicidal effect of niclosamide ethanolamine sal t DP when the average atmosphere temperature in each day was 10-15 ℃ in the ma r shland of the Yangtze River. If the snail control is undertaken ahead of the sch edule in spring, the reproduction of snails will be suppressed and the infection of Schistosma japonicum will be controlled. [

Objective To determine the de ve lopmental zero and effective accumulated temperature of Oncomela nia eggs under con stant temperature. Methods The eggs were cultur ed under different constant temperature, and their development duration and effe ctive accumulated temperature were studied. The zero accumulated temperature (℃ ) was obtained by using an estimation mode, and the effective accumulated temp erature was obtained by effective accumulated mode of K=N(T-C). [WT5”H Z] Results The average development duration was (27.29?17 .2 9) d under 15-30 ℃, the development zero temperature was 11.79 ℃ and 38.22 ℃ u nder low and high temperature respectively, and the average development temperat ure and effective accumulated temperature were (557.76?198.95) DD and(236 .02 ?68.20) DD.Conclusion The suitable developme nt temperature of eggs is 27 ℃, the development speed and effective accumulated t e mperature of eggs increases with the temperature under given condition, but too high temperature may have negative impact on the development of eggs. The resul t can be considered as the basic biological parameter of the snail.

Objective To assess the relationship between serum vitamin D and autoimmune thyroid disease.Methods Subjects included total 520 persons receiving regular health examination,and serum calcium,phosphorus,parathyroid hormone (PTH),thyroid peroxidase autoantibody (TPOAb) and 25-dihydroxy vitamin Ds was measured.The incidence of 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency (≤30 μ g/L)was observed.The relationship between 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency and autoimmune thyroid disease was analyzed.Results The serum 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 of all the subjects was (24.47 ± 7.21) μ g/L,and the incidence of 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 deficiency (≤30 μg/L) was 61.15％ (318/520),and the positive rate of TPOAb was 21.54％ (112/520).The proportion of TPOAb ＞ 50 kU/L or ＞ 100 kU/L in subjects with 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3≤30 μ g/L was higher than that in subjects with 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 ＞ 30 μg/L [25.79％(82/318) vs.19.80％(40/202) and 9.43％(30/318) vs.4.46％(9/202)],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).The relationship between 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and TPOAb was assessed and showed significant inverse correlation (r =-0.13,P ＜0.05).Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is very common in the population,and autoimmune thyroid disease is related with vitamin D deficiency,which may has impact on the body's immune regulation.Specific mechanism and whether vitamin D supplementation can intervene and treat autoimmune thyroid disease need further study.