Trichilemmoma is a benign neoplasm originated from the outer root sheath of hair follicle and usually occurs as small solitary papule on the face, particulary on the nose and cheek. Most lesions are clinically misinterpreted as basal cell carcinoma or verruca vulgaris. We report two cases of trichilernmoma on the face which were misdiagnosed as verruca vulgaris clinically. The histopathologic findings revealed lobular acanthosis of glycogen rich clear cells oriented about a follicle. At the edge of the lesions, a, palisade of columnar cells, which resembled the outer root sheath of hair follicle, rested on a thickened basement membrane. The skin lesions were removed by 3mm punch without recurrence.
Basement Membrane ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Cheek ; Glycogen ; Hair Follicle ; Nose ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Warts

The effects of several anesthetios (thiopental, ketamine, Innoyar) and muscle relaxants (succinylcholine and vecuronium) on IOP, blood pressures and pulse rates were studied in 60 Patients ranging in are 12 to 56 years. IOP was measured with the Schiotz tonometer. In addition to tonometric determinations, the blood pressures and pulse rates were recorded. The patients were divided into 4 groups: Thiopental-succinylcholine-intubation(Group 1) ; Ketamine-succinrlcholine-intubation (Group 2) ; Innovar-succitrlcholine-intubation (Group 3) and Thiopental-vecuronium-intubation (Group 4) . The results were as follows : 1) In group 1 and 4, IOP changes following thiopental(5 mg/kg) administration showed highly significant decreases(p<0.01) after 1 minute compared with the control value. 2) In group 1 and 3, IOP changes after 1 minute following succinrlcholine administration showed mild increases and were not statistically significant(p>0.05) and in group 2, IOP changes after 5 minute following succinylcholine administration shewed highly significant increases (p<0.01) . 3) In group 3, IOP changes after 5 minutes following Innovar (1 ml/15 kg) administration showed highly significant decreases (p<0.01) compared with the control value. 4) IOP changes after 1 minute of endotracheal intubation showed highly significant inc- reases (p<0.01) in all groups compared with the control value. 7) In group 4, IOP changes following vecuronium administration instead of succinylcholine showed highly significant decreases, but could not prevent the increases in IOP following endotracheal intubation. 6) In all groups, blood pressures and pulse rates showed highly significant increases after endotracheal intubation. 7) After succinylcholine administration, blood pressures showed aignificant increases in group 1 and highly significant increases in group 2. 8) In group 2, blood pressures showed highly significant increases after ketamine administration.
Anesthetics* ; Blood Group Antigens ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure* ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Ketamine ; Succinylcholine ; Vecuronium Bromide

The myocardial lesions by the injections of isologous heart emulsion were produced in rabbits, and organspecific isoimmune mechanism in the genesis of myocardial lesions was studied by fluorescent antibody technique and demonstration of antibodies against isologous heart muslce. Four groups of rabbits were subjected to normal untreated control, adjuvant control, injection of isologous heart homogenate aIone and injection of heart homogenate plus Freund's adjuvant. Injection of isologous heart homogenate produced circulating anti-heart muscle antibodies which were enhanced by addition of Freund's adjuvant in heart homogenate. Histologic lesions in the heart consisted of interstitial edema, mononuclear cell infiltration, degeneration of myofibers and stromal reaction. Fluorescent antibody technique on myocardial lesions showed presence of anti-heart antibodies in parallel with the degree of myocardial lesions as well as with titre of circulating antibodies. Skeletal muscle and other organs showed neither histologic alteration nor precence of anti-heart antibodies. These data clear1y indicated that the lesion in the myocardium produced by isologous heart homogenate was developed by organ-specific isoimmune reaction.
Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases/*pathology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Myocarditis/*pathology ; Rabbits

A 77-year-old woman with chronic renal failure and malnutrition had thick crusted plaques, erythematous papules and scaly patches on her entire body. The skin scraping and exfoliated skin scales showed the presence of numerous itch mites, Sarcopbes scabiei var horriums 8667 mites were counted from Ig of the collected samples. Twenty six cases a pruritic rash were reported among hospital personnel: mites were recovered from only one. Among other hospitalized patients, 2 cases of scabies were reported. One patient had pruritic papules and burrows on the left upper arm and the other had lesions in the axilla, mites were recovered from both. Subsequent evaluation suggested that they acquired scabies from a contaminated blood pressure monitoring cuff and a clinical thermometer. The contaminated medical instruments are considered to be fomites, a mode of dissemination of mites.
Aged ; Arm ; Axilla ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Exanthema ; Female ; Fomites ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Malnutrition ; Mites ; Personnel, Hospital ; Scabies* ; Skin ; Thermometers ; Weights and Measures

One hundred and nineteen cases of congenital melanocytic nevi diagnosed clinically and/or histopathologically st Departments of Dermatology, Plastic surgery and Pedia trics of 7 branch hospitals of Catholic University Medical College from October, 1986 to October, 1988 were reviewed by their incidence, distribution, age, size and elinical findings. The results were summarized as follows . l. Among 2g73 newborn babies, 33(1.5%) melanocytic nevi were found clinically. 2. Amomg 119 congenital melanocytie nevi, 31 located on the head and neck area, 47 on the trunk, and 41 on the extremities. 3. Thirty (252%) were less than 0.6cm in greatest diameter, 42(353%) nevi 0.6 to 15cm, 15(12.7%) nevi 1.6 to 3.0cm, 26(218%) nevi 3.1 to 10.0cm and 6(5.0%) nevi greater than 10.0cm. 4. a) Seventy three nevi(613%) were uniform in color and 46(38.7%) were mixed brown r black with variable proportion. b) Fifty three(44.5%) nevi were flat, 36(303%) were slightly elevated, 17(14.3%) had pebble stone appearance and 13(10.9%) were dorne shaped. c)Thirteen(11%) nevi had terminal hair on the surface.
Age Distribution ; Dermatology ; Extremities ; Hair ; Head ; Hospitals, Satellite ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Neck ; Nevus ; Nevus, Pigmented* ; Surgery, Plastic

Although anterior cervical plates are thought to be good tools, their clinical results have not been compared with those of anterior cervical fusion without a plating system in the domestic scientific literature. As there are some advantages as well as shortcomings in these two surgical methods, it is imperative to know which one might be better in terms of the postoperative complications and management. Therefore, the authors reviewed 80patients undergoing anterior cervical fusion during the period of January 1992 to May 1994. Top plate placement was made in 25 and simple fusion without a plating system was applied in 55. The average follow-up period was 9.6 months. In the patients undergoing simple cervical fusion, thirty-two patients(58%) needed rigid braces such as halo braces and Minerva casts for 3 months postoperatively. Thirteen patients(24%) showed graft complications including graft extrusion, whereas patients undergoing plate placement needed only semi-rigid Philadelphia braces for 4 to 8 weeks pos toperatively. Two patients(8%) showed graft setting and screw breakage without any indication of reoperation. However there appeared no difference in the immediate postoperative course of clinical symptoms and the fusion rate(95 vs 96%) at the final follow-up day between the simple fusion and the plate placement patients. The authors conclude that a plating system in anterior cervical fusion may be safe in spite of more extensive operations, and is more likely to offer postoperative stability in the cervical spine and early ambulation and rehabiliation without rigid braces.
Braces ; Early Ambulation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation ; Spine ; Transplants

Although anterior cervical plates are thought to be good tools, their clinical results have not been compared with those of anterior cervical fusion without a plating system in the domestic scientific literature. As there are some advantages as well as shortcomings in these two surgical methods, it is imperative to know which one might be better in terms of the postoperative complications and management. Therefore, the authors reviewed 80patients undergoing anterior cervical fusion during the period of January 1992 to May 1994. Top plate placement was made in 25 and simple fusion without a plating system was applied in 55. The average follow-up period was 9.6 months. In the patients undergoing simple cervical fusion, thirty-two patients(58%) needed rigid braces such as halo braces and Minerva casts for 3 months postoperatively. Thirteen patients(24%) showed graft complications including graft extrusion, whereas patients undergoing plate placement needed only semi-rigid Philadelphia braces for 4 to 8 weeks pos toperatively. Two patients(8%) showed graft setting and screw breakage without any indication of reoperation. However there appeared no difference in the immediate postoperative course of clinical symptoms and the fusion rate(95 vs 96%) at the final follow-up day between the simple fusion and the plate placement patients. The authors conclude that a plating system in anterior cervical fusion may be safe in spite of more extensive operations, and is more likely to offer postoperative stability in the cervical spine and early ambulation and rehabiliation without rigid braces.
Braces ; Early Ambulation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation ; Spine ; Transplants

Most thymomas are found in the superior and anterior mediastinum and malignant thymomas are exceedingly rare in the first 20 years of life. A child of malignant thymoma with invasion into the thoracic vertebra and spinal canal is reported. The tumor was originated from posterior mediastinum and involved posteriorly the D8, D9 vertebra resulting in paraparesis was improved. Computed tomography is mandatory in detecting the metastasis and evaluation of treatment.
Child ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Paraparesis ; Spinal Canal* ; Spine ; Thymoma*

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate etiological factors of heterotopic ossification (HO) by evaluating retrospectively if HO is a unique finding following cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) or a finding observable following an anterior cervical interbody fusion (ACIF). METHODS: The authors had selected 87 patients who underwent anterior cervical surgery (TDR or ACIF), and could be followed up more than 24 months. A cervical TDR was performed using a Bryan disc or a ProDisc-C and an ACIF using a stand-alone cage or fibular allograft with a plate and screws system. The presence of HO was determined by observing plain radiography at the last follow up. The relation between HO occurrence and specific preoperative radio-logical findings (osteophyte and calcification of posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL)) at the index level was investigated. RESULTS: Cervical TDR was performed in 40 patients (43 levels) and ACIF in 47 patients (54 levels). At the final radiographs, HO was demonstrated at 27 levels (TDR-Bryan; 8/18, TDR-Prodisc-C; 12/25, ACIF-cage alone; 7/29, and ACIF-plate screw; 0/25). Mean ROM at the last follow-up of each TDR subgroup were 7.8+/-4.7degrees in Bryan, 3.89+/-1.77degrees in Prodisc-C, and it did not correlated with the incidence of HO. Fusion status of ACIF groups was observed as 2 case of grade 1, 6 of grade 2, and 21 of grade 3 in cage alone subgroup, and no case of grade 1, 4 of grade 2, and 21 of grade 3 in plate screw subgroup. Fusion status in ACIF-cage alone subgroup was significantly related to the HO incidence. The preoperative osteophyte at the operated level observed in 27 levels, and HO was demonstrated in 12 levels (TDR-Bryan; 3/5, TDR-Prodisc-C; 2/3, ACIF-cage alone; 7/11, and ACIF-plate screw; 0/8). Preoperative PLL calcification at the operated level was observed 22 levels, and HO was defined at 14 levels (TDR-Bryan; 5/5, TDR-Prodisc-C; 4/5, ACIF-cage alone; 5/7, and ACIF-plate screw; 0/5). The evidence of preoperative osteophyte and PLL calcification showed statistically significant relations to the occurrence of HO. CONCLUSION: HO was observed in both TDR and ACIF groups. HO was more frequently occurred in TDR group regardless of prosthesis type. In ACIF group, only cage alone subgroup showed HO, with relation to fusion status. Preoperative calcification of longitudinal ligaments and osteophyte were strongly related to the occurrence of HO.
Cinnarizine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteophyte ; Prostheses and Implants ; Retrospective Studies ; Total Disc Replacement ; Transplantation, Homologous

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the sagittal sacropelvic morphology and balance of the patients with SIJ pain following lumbar fusion. METHODS: Among 452 patients who underwent posterior lumbar interbody fusion between June 2009 and January 2013, patients with postoperative SIJ pain, being responded to SIJ block were enrolled. For a control group, patients matched for sex, age group, the number of fused level and fusion to sacrum were randomly selected. Patients were assessed radiologic parameters including lumbar lordosis, pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT) and sacral slope (SS). To evaluate the sagittal sacropelvic morphology and balance, the ratio of PT/PI, SS/PI and PT/SS were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 28 patients with SIJ pain and 56 patients without SIJ pain were assessed. Postoperatively, SIJ pain group showed significantly greater PT (p=0.02) than non-SIJ pain group. Postoperatively, PT/PI and SS/PI in SIJ pain group was significantly greater and smaller than those in non-SIJ pain group respectively (p=0.03, 0.02, respectively) except for PT/SS (p=0.05). SIJ pain group did not show significant postoperative changes of PT/PI and SS/PI (p=0.09 and 0.08, respectively) while non-SIJ pain group showed significantly decrease of PT/PI (p=0.00) and increase of SS/PI (p=0.00). CONCLUSION: This study presents different sagittal sacropelvic morphology and balance between the patients with/without SIJ pain following lumbar fusion surgery. The patients with SIJ pain showed retroversed pelvis and vertical sacrum while the patients without SIJ pain have similar morphologic features with asymptomatic populations in the literature.
Animals ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lordosis ; Pelvis ; Sacroiliac Joint* ; Sacrum