Responses of mouse lymphocytes to the soybean paste fermented by Korean traditional fashion was examined to clarify its effects in cytokine production in vitro. A fraction of the soybean paste (KFSP-100) was prepared by precipitation with ammonium sulfate and by filtration through ultrafiltration membrane. KFSP-100 were added into cultures of fresh mouse splenic cells in vitro. KFSP-100 significantly enhanced the amount of IL-6 and TNF-a produced by macrophages and IL-6 and IFN-r produced by lymphocytes. Production of IL-12 by macrophages was not much affected by KFSP-100 treatments. The most noticeable finding was the fact that lymphocytes treated with KFSP-100 proliferated to an exceeding numbers (more than 10 times to the control) in 72 hours. The KFSP-100-induced proliferative response was specific to B cells since almost all of the KFSP-100-induced cells in the cultures of splenic cells were B cells. Furthermore, such a proliferative responses were equally observed only in cultures of purified B cells but not in cultures of T cells. In thermostability test, the biologically active components of the KFSP-100 is assumed to be either linear protein or glycoprotein. KFSP-100 did not induce agglutination of lymphocytes demonstrated by lectins in the same cells. These observations suggest that KFSP-100 may be a novel mitogen for B lymphocytes. The component (s) responsible for the B cell proliferation in KFSP-100 might be a factor gained by natural fermentation. None of the fractions of not fermented soybean paste prepared by the same methods demonstrate the same effect.
Agglutination ; Ammonium Sulfate ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes ; Cell Proliferation ; Fermentation ; Filtration ; Glycoproteins ; Immunologic Factors* ; Interleukin-12 ; Interleukin-6 ; Lectins ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Membranes ; Mice ; Soybeans* ; T-Lymphocytes ; Ultrafiltration

No abstract available.
HLA Antigens* ; Humans

Authors had analyzed 35 patients of traumatic posterior dislocation of the hip which was treated at Kyungpook National University Hospital during the period of 7 years from 1972 to 1978. 21 of the 35 dislocation of the hip had sustained the injury by automobile accidents. 33 patients were reduced by closed reduction under general anesthesia. Within one week following closed reduction, intra-articular bony fragments were removed in 4 patients and posterior fragments of acetabular fractures were reduced and fixed with screws in 8 patients. 17 of the 35 patients were followed for eight months to 91 months, average 38 months. The results were rated according to criteris of the Stewart and Milford. Satisfactory results were obtained in 11 patients and those of 9 patients were reduced within 12 hours after injury. As the complication, avascular necrosis, myositis ossificans and osteroarthritis were developed in two patients, four patients, and seven patients respectively.
Acetabulum ; Anesthesia, General ; Automobiles ; Dislocations ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hip ; Humans ; Myositis Ossificans ; Necrosis

Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis(IHPS) is one of the most common causes of nonbilious vomiting in early infancy, and is caused by hypertrophied pyloric muscle but its exact etiology and pathogenesis are still unknown. Fredet-Ramstedt pyloromyotomy has been accepted as the treatment of choice for IHPS. Atropine is a cholinergic blocking agent with potent antimuscarinic activity that decreases peristaltic contractions by relaxing smooth muscles. We treated a case of IHPS in a 33-day-old male infant by administering atropine sulfate intravenously. One day after atropine sulfate administration, he did not vomit any more. Ultrasonograms of the pyloric canal which were done on eight days and three weeks after atropine treatment revealed no limitation in the passage of gastric content, and no changes in the muscle thickness and length of the pyloric canal. Thereafter, he did not show up at follow ups, we received his mother's answer through phone that he did not suffer from vomiting and he was growing well at 5 months of age.
Atropine* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic* ; Ultrasonography ; Vomiting

The auther had utilized the continuous irrigation with saline and antibiotics to 1 case of serpent corneal ulcer and 2 cases alkaline burn by Lippas' original technique. Two cases of alkaline burn were healed up without any complications and one case of serpent corneal ulcer showed relatively good result. According to review through a few literature, the method of continuous irrigation is much better one than any other systemic or local administration of the drug to the particular external ocular disease.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Burns* ; Corneal Ulcer*

OBJECTIVE: In the case of internal carotid-posterior communicating (ICPCom) artery aneurysm it is possible to successfully clip the aneurysmal neck without any difficulty. However, if the aneurysmal neck is wide, the aneurysmal sac is giant, the aneurysmal sac is hidden by the anterior clinoid process (ACP), or its dome is located in ventral portion or low-lying ICPCom aneurysm, it is difficult to open the proximal aneurysmal neck and we encounter a barrier in controlling bleeding in case of premature rupture of the aneurysm. They need to be resected the ACP for successful aneurysmal clipping. We propose angiographic criteria for predicting necessity of resection of the ACP before clipping of the ICPCom artery aneurysm. METHODS: Between 1999 and 2003, 16 patients with ICPCom artery aneurysm were treated with the resection of the ACP prior to applying the clip on the neck of the aneurysm. We retrospectively analyzed the preoperative cerebral angiographies, and the clinical and operative findings. We measured various radiometric parameters to reveal the angiographic characteristics. RESULTS: The mean value of the radiographic measurement in case of the cerebral angiography in 16 patients is as follows: angle A (the angle between the midline of the skull and the axis of the C1 segment on A-P view) ranged from 15 to 80 degrees (mean+/-SD, 42+/-5 degrees), angle B (the angle between the axes of the C1 and C2 segments on A-P view) ranged from 70 to 150 degrees (mean+/-SD, 110+/-15 degrees), and distance C (the distance between the tip of the ACP and the most proximal portion of the aneurysmal neck on the lateral view) ranged from 2 to 9 mm (mean+/-SD, 4.5+/-1 mm). CONCLUSION: We have resected the ACP in 16 of the 40 ICPCom aneurysms. The mean values of angle A, angle B, and distance C is 42+/-5 degrees, 110+/-15 degrees, and 4.5+/-1 mm, respectively. We did not encounter any difficulty in clipping in all the cases in which there was no premature rupture of the aneurysm. Most of cases had a good outcome.
Aneurysm* ; Arteries* ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Cerebral Angiography ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Skull

The authors have experienced 9 cases of postgastrectomy efferent loop obstruction during the past 16 months' period and analyzed the clinical features, radiological findings, causes, and types of obstruction. The incidence of efferent loop obstruction was 1.3%(9/673). Among the 9 cases, eight patients were male and one patient was female. Median age was 60 years and more than half(5 out of 9 cases) of the patients were obese(defined by more than 110% of ideal body weight). None of the cases showed signs of strangulation, including persistent pain, fever, focal abdominal tenderness, and/or leukocytosis. Gastrointestinal anastomoses were done using a GIA stapler in 6 cases, and manually in 3 cases. The diagnoses were made on the basis of clinical symptoms and signs, further supported by radiologic contrast studies. All the patients were initially treated with conservative measures, including nasogastric drainage and fluid therapy for about 2 weeks in average. 7 cases underwent re-laparotomy using separate left subcostal incisions as conservative management had failed. Among the relaparotomy cases, adhesiolysis and side to side jejunojejunostomy were performed in 5 patients, Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy in 1 patient, and gastrojejunostomy revision in 1 patient. Causes of the obstruction in the seven re-opened cases were confirmed as postoperative adhesion. The authors have analyzed the pattern of obstruction and classified the patterns into 4 types. One of the remaining two patients underwent balloon dilatation successfully and the other was managed with prolonged nasogastric decompression. The average hospital stay was 32 days. Adequate omentectomy, gentle tissue handling during dissection, avoidance of ischemia along the suture line of anastomosis, and the use of biologically inert suture material would prevent this kind of postoperative adhesive obstruction.
Adhesives ; Decompression ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Drainage ; Female ; Fever ; Fluid Therapy ; Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemia ; Length of Stay ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Sutures

No abstract available.
Humans* ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: In migraine studies, the cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) using a transcranial Doppler (TCD) has been investigated to elucidate the nature and role of the vascular response. However, past studies have not comprised the posterior circulation including functionally important brainstem structures. The purpose of this study was to compare the simultaneous CVRs between the middle cerebral artery (MCA) and basilar artery (BA) in migraine patients with and without aura, by means of a power motion mode Doppler (PMD) with an anterior-posterior probes fixating device. METHODS: Thirty-six consecutive patients with migranes [15 migraine patients with aura (MA) and 21 migraine patients without aura (MWA)] were compared with 29 healthy volunteers. CVR [(Vmax-Vbase)x100/Vbase] was evaluated by the re-breathing technique. TCD was performed as two steps. First, the velocities and spectra of the MCAs through both temporal windows were simultaneously monitored. Second, those were simultaneously monitored between MCA and BA. RESULT: There were no significant differences in age, sex, baseline hemodynamic values (blood pressure, heart rate), and those of the baseline mean flow velocity and CVR of TCD between the migraine patients and the controls. However, the CVR of the BA significantly differed between the MA and the MWA (39.4+/-13.7 vs 64.6+/-25.4%; p=0.001), among MA, MWA, and controls (39.4+/-13.7, 64.6+/-25.4, 45.6+/-14.9%; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: CVR of BA was entirely different according to migraine subtypes: with or without aura. Our study suggests that MWA and MWOA seem to be distinct disorders in terms of different vascular responses of the BA during the interictal period.
Basilar Artery ; Brain Stem ; Epilepsy* ; Healthy Volunteers ; Heart ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Migraine Disorders*

To investigate the earlier cellular alterations(Glucose-6-Pase activity and morphologic features) caused by a hepatotoxin, thioacetamide (TAA), a single dose of the agent (200mg per kg of body weight) was given intraperitoneally to mice, which were sacrificed at intervals of 4, 8 or 16 hours after corresponding treatments. For histochemical study of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity, unfixed frozen sections were incubation of the Wachstein and Meisel medium and stained. The smallest pieces of liver tissue were fixed in glutaraldehyde and osmic acid, and stained by the routine electron-microscopic techniques. Some pieces of liver were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. There was a rapid and progressive loss of G6Pase activity, in an orderly time sequence, in the experimental group. There were also morphologic changes: loss of cytoplasmic basophilia, cell infiltration and necrosis in the centrilobular and intermediate zones, and an increase of sER, small vesicles and ribosomes in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, the marked changes of nuclei and nucleoli, and a slight increase of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm at 16 hours after intoxication. The correlation between these cellular alterations was discussed in view of mechanisms in the hepatotoxic action.
Acetamides/adverse effects* ; Animal ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase/metabolism* ; Liver/drug effects* ; Liver/enzymology ; Liver/ultrastructure ; Male ; Mice ; Thioacetamide/adverse effects* ; MH - ; Substances: ; Acetamides ; Thioacetamide ; Glucose-6-Phosphatase