Objective To investigate the effect of an intrauterine system for controlled release of levonorgestrel (LNC-IUS) in perimenopausal women.Methods A total of 105 perimenopausal patients (aged from 42 53 years with a mean age of 45.8±2.9 years) treated with LNGr-IUS in Beijing Hospital were enrolled in this study.Retrospective analysis concerning reasons for device placement,clinical effects and adverse reactions was conducted.Results Of the patients,25 (23.8％) had menorrhagia,38 (36.2％) had dysmenorrhea,16 (15.2％) had a combination of menorrhagia and dysmenorrhea,9 (8.6％) had undergone cystectomy for endometriosis followed by gonadotropinreleasing hormone-analogue (GnRH-a) therapy,13 (12.4 ％) had simple endometrial hyperplasia,and 4 (3.8％) had leiomyoma combined with systemic disorders.A statistical difference in the average hemoglobin level was found in menorrhagia patients with anemia before and after treatment [(99.4 ±19.1) g/L vs.(123.3±24.5) g/L,P＜0.01].Dysmenorrhea symptom scores decreased six months after treatment[(5.9± 1.0) vs.(3.0±0.7)],P＜0.05).No adnexal masses were found on Bultrasound 12 months after treatment in patients who had undergone cystectomy for endometriosis.For patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia,diagnostic dilation and curettage 12 months after treatment showed normal endometrial morphology,with a total effectiveness rate of 100％.No adverse reactions were found.Conclusions The intrauterine levonorgestre[-releasing system is effective in the treatment of menorrhagia,dysmenorrhea and simple endometrial hyperplasia,and can prevent the recurrence of endometriotic cyst in perimenopausal women.

Allergic rhinitis is nasal mucosa of immediate hypersensitivity, and the current treatment is not satisfied. With the increasing incidence in recent years, we pay more attention on the effective treatments. There are some published studies indicate the benefit of probiotic for allergic rhinitis. Refer to the related literature in recent years, the paper will discuss probiotic species, safety, route of administration, mechanism and efficacy, pointing out a new direction for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Humans ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy

Aim To investigate whether the annexation of bradykinin and papaverine had some synergetic effects on the opening of blood-tumor barrier,and find out the action of cytokine in this mechanism.Methods 160 female rats were divided into 8 groups:sham operated group;model group,PA group,BK group,PA+BK group,1/2PA+BK group,1/2BK+PA group and 1/2PA+1/2BK group.20 rats were needed in each group.The C6 brain tumor model was built.The drug was pumped into rat's brain via the carotid artery.The opening of the tight junction was detected by electron microscop.And the permeability of the blood-tumor barrier was tested by Evans blue.The expression of IL-1? was tested by Western blot and the expression of IL-1? on/around the capillary in the brain of the cerebral glioma rats was tested by SABC immunochemistry.Results In contrast to sham operated group/model group,the expression of IL-1? in PA group,BK group and PA+BK group increased obviously(P

Objective To investigate the comparative roles of the pathologic changes of gastrocnemius on the pathologic process of varicosis of the lower extremity(VLE). Methods By means of electron microscopy and light microscopy, image analysis and the capillary basement membrane and gastrocnemius muscle cell in 30 patients with VLE and 10 contrast subjects were studied. Results (1) Light microscopically, smearing of cross-striation, sarcolemmal proliferation, fibrinoid degeneration, fatty degeneration, and haemorrhage were seen in muscle of patients with VLE. (2) Electron microscopically, increase in thickness of the capillary basement membrane, increase in lipid droplets and glycogen, swelling of mitochondra, myelin figure, lipofusin, disruption of the myofibrils, and myopathic changes were seen in muscle cells of patients with VLE. The area and thickness of the capillary basement membrane in patients with varicosis were higher than those in the control subjects ( P 0.05). Conclusions (1) It is suggested that the ultrastructure changes of gastrocnemius muscles result from ischemia and hgpoxia. Among the changes, the capillary basement membrane plays an important role in the induce insuficiency of the calf muscle pump function which result in VLE extremities. (2) It is suggested that degeneration of gastrocnemius muscle cell may relate to the insufficiency of calf muscle pump function. (3) In early pathologic process, insufficiency of the calf muscle pump function can be compensate by muscle cells hypertrophy. The transverse areas of muscle cells in early period were bigger than that in later period, so that the compensation was limited, chronic ischemia and hypoxia can affecte the calf muscle pump function.

Objectives: The paper aims to analyze the practice and outcome for the rural doctors’ contracted service in Dafeng and Shengzhou counties. Methods:The methods used were typical sampling which played in selec-ting Dafeng and Shengzhou counties and interviews conducted with the director of the bureau of health in Dafeng and Shengzhou counties, the dean of the township health centers ( two for each county) and the rural doctors ( four for each county) . We adopted descriptive statistics to analyze the quantitative data and incentives. Results: The rural clinic and/or township health centers were the main contracted service providers and services were supplied to all in-habitants, especially to the target patients such as those suffering from NCDs. The individual benefit packages were designed to coordinate with local demands and the security and incentive mechanisms were established. Conclusions:Contracted service brought several benefits such as meeting the individual demands of inhabitants, rural doctors were inspired and the basic rural health system consolidated, the basic public health service quality was improved, and the function was intensified for the primary health institutions. The rural doctors’ contracted service is helpful to advance rural health care reforms, and provides more evidence in setting up the local rural health policies. It still needs fur-ther perfections. Suggestions:The rural doctors’ team construction should be strengthened and the incentive mecha-nism, summary and evaluation of their contracted service should be improved timely.

Objective To investigate the effect of different cryopreservation time on energy metabolism and reperfusion injury in rat to rat liver transplantation and the mechanism of liver function recovery in early period after operation.Methods The cryopreservation time of donor livers from 90 Wistar rats were 30 min,6 or 12 h in 4 ℃ UW solution.Then orthotopic liver transplantation were performed in another 90 Wistar rats.Another 6 rats served as normal controls.At 12 h,24 h,3 d,5 d,7 d after portal vein reperfusion,blood and liver tissue were obtained to determine the levels of ALT,AST,SOD,ATPase and ATP,and the pathologic changes of liver tissue were observed.Results At 12 h after operation,the levels of ALT and AST were significantly higher(P

Diabetes is a chronic noncommunicable disease,which is can't be cured,and only can be suppressed by long-term treatment and self-management.The clinical decision support system can simulate the thinking process of diabetes specialists in disease diagnosis,and can provide the regular medical treatment plans and recommend the optimal plans to doctors.Most of the existing clinical decision support systems are based on clinical guidelines,rule-based and case-based reasoning as well as ontology-based systems.The big data technology can acquire and process multiple heterogeneous data,and provide a more scientific personalized treatment plan.In recent years,a variety of big date processing methods have been applied to the clinical diagnosis of diabetes based on decision tree,neural network,fuzzy logic,support vector machine,APRIORI association rules and multidimensional analysis,and timing mining.However,these methods are still in preliminary stage.The framework of diabetes clinical decision support system based on big data technology was analyzed,and the future diagnostic and treatment methods were forecast.

OBJECTIVETo summarize the clinical manifestation and diagnosis of ganglioneuroma in spine and investigate the clinical effect of surgical treatment.

METHODSThe clinical data of 6 patients underwent a surgery for ganglioneuroma in spine from January 2008 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 2 females, aged from 2 to 63 years old with an average of 34.6 years. The courses of disease were from 3 days to 17 years. Five patients complicated with superficial hypesthesia in correlative level of tumor, and the muscle strength under tumor plane had decreased at different levels, with the strength of grade II-IV. Two cases complicated with hypermyotonia and positive bilateral Hoffmann's and Babinski sign. Five cases were sporadic lesion in correlative spinal canal and one case complicated with the giant occupying lesion in thoracic cavity.

RESULTSSix operations had been performed including 5 en bloc and 1 subtotal resection. Postoperative pathological results showed tumor cells scattered or fasciculated inserted into Schwann cells in the stroma. In 2 patients complicated with radiculalgia before operation, 1 case was relieved and 1 was invariant after operation. All 4 patients with preoperative dyscinesia in the limbs obtained improvement after operation. All the patients were followed up from 0.3 to 6.8 years with an average of 2.5 years. At the final follow-up, according to ASIA grade, 5 cases were good and 1 case was invariant. During the follow-up, only 1 patient experienced chemoradiation because of merging ganglioneuroblastoma and receiving subtotal resection. No recurrence in other 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONGanglioneuroma is a benign and rare tumors in spine. Clinically, radicular pain and sensory-motor disorders are the main manifestations. Its diagnosis depends on pathological examination. Prognosis of surgical treatment is good.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Ganglioneuroma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery

Objective To compare the gene expression difference between 0.1 and 5 Gy X-ray irradiated cells,and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods A cDNA microarray corresponding to 45033 human genes was used to analyze the transcriptional profiles of normal human lymphoblastoid AHH-1 cells at 4 h after 0.1 or 5 Gy irradiation.The genes with a fold change ≥ 2.0 were identified as the differentially expressed genes.real-lime PCR and Western blot were used to confirm the expression of PERP.Results The microarray assay showed that there were 760 up-regulated genes and 1222 down-regulated genes in the cells at 0.1 Gy,while there were 744 genes down-regulated and 457 genes up-regulated in the cells at 5 Gy.In addition,55 genes were commonly up-regulated and 339 genes commonly down-regulated at 0.1 and 5 Gy.The predominant biological processes of the differential genes responding to low-dose radiation include cell-cell signaling transduction and DNA damage response,and the altered genes after 5 Gy irradiation were related to cell proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis.Moreover,the expression of PERP gene was down regulated,which was consistent with the data of microarrey assay.Conclusions The quantitative and qualitative differences in the gene expressions may contribute to the diversed biological effects induced by low or high doses of ionizina radiation.

Many somatic cell typos were obtained by in vitro differentiation or teratoma formation of human embryonic stem ceLls (hESCs). However, it is unclear whether specific cell types can be obtained from hESCs-derived teratoma. It was reported that many kinds of cells, including neural progetfitor/precursor cells (NPCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated efficiently from the teratoma of hESCs through in vitro selection. The teratoma-derived NPCs and MSCs showed specific characteristics of molecular markers similar to the primary NPCs and MSCs. Moreover, these teratoma-induced NPCs and MSCs can be further induced to differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, or adipose and bone cells, reflecting their inherent multi-potencies. Given that teratoma normally contains a mixture of ectoderm, mesodenn, and endoderm lineage cells at different differentiation stage, it was suggested that hESCs-derived teratoma could be an alternative source to generate a variety of uncommitted progenitor cells or terminally differentiated somatic cells, which may be otherwise difficult to obtain through direct in vitro differentiation.