PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to discuss the characteristic CT and MR findings in persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV) and to compare the detectability of those findings in each modality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated CT and MR findings in 32 patients with PHPV. Twenty-five patients had CT, 13 patients had MR, and 6 patients had both CT and MR. RESULTS: Major findings of PHPV in 32 patients on both imaging modalities were lens deformity(78%), shallow anterior chamber(72%), heterogeneous vitreous opacity(72%), enhancing hyaloid artery or remnant of fibrotic hand(69%), and microophthalmos(67%). Minor findings were retinal detachment(22%), and vitreous hemorrhage(6%). In MRI, lens deformity(92%) and shallow anterior chamber(85%) were detected most commonly whereas in CT, opaque vitreous(80%) was the most common finding. Findings of enhancing hyaloid vessel or remnant of fibrotic band, considered characteristic of PHPV, were more commonly detectable in MR (85%) than CT(52%). CONCLUSION: Characteristic MR and CT findings of PHPV were lena deformity, shallow anterior chanber, heterogeneons vitreons opacity, enhanciny hgalind artery or remnant fibrotic band, and microphthalmos. MR seemed to be more useful than CT in detecting Globe pathology.
Arteries ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Microphthalmos ; Pathology ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies

A 48-year-old woman, who had had tattoo on her eyebrows, was seen with pruitic erythematous indurated plaques on the tattooing sites. The skin react ion was begun to observe about 4 weeks after getting tattoo. Skin biopsy specimens from the indurated lesions showed granulomatous reactions. Intradermal tests by means of multiple pricks and patch test were done on her low back with the same tattoo dye and also 4 others available in Korea. Serial punch biopsy specimens were obtained from the sites of intradermal test at 2nd, 7th, 28th, and 56th day after intradermal test. Granulomatous reactions were found in the spiecimens taken at the 28th and 56th day.
Biopsy ; Eyebrows ; Female ; Humans ; Intradermal Tests ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Tattooing

No abstract available.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic*

Cryoglobulinernia occurs in about 5% of the cases of multiple myeloma. The most common finding in patient with cryoglobulinemia is ulceraticn that oceurs about ankle, hands, and occasionally the ears, upon prolonged exposue to cold. A 59-year old male had had 5 years of pain in his ears. There were black or dark brown colored ischemic ulcerations on his both helix. He also had mottled purpuric patches on his both ankles. A test for cryoglobulinema was positive. X-ray examination of the skull showed multiple punched but lesions. The bone marrow study revealed myeloma cell infiltration.
Ankle ; Bone Marrow ; Cryoglobulinemia* ; Ear ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Skull ; Ulcer

No abstract available.

Arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and pH are basic indices of the adequacy of ventilation in anesthetized patients. Previous reports by us and by Frances et al indicate that peripheral venous Pco2 and pH approach values arterial blood during general anesthesia. The present study compares the arterial venous difference for Pco2 and pH during diethyl ether, methoxyflurane and halothane anesthesia in 20 cases each. After induction with thiopental, succinylcholine, the patient was intubated and maintained with N2O-O2 and one of above volatile agents. Venous blood was drawn from the back of the hand and an arterial sample was obtained from the radial artery of the other hand. The results were as follows: 1) The mean arteriovenous Pco2 differences in ether, methoxyflurane and halothane groups were -l. 25, -1. 425 and -0. 065 torr respectively. 2) The mean arterovenous pH differences in each group were 0. 031, 0, 017and 0. 014 respectively. We conclude from above results that the differences for the arteriovenous Pco2 and pH during halothane anesthesia were less than that of the ether or methoxyflurane groups.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Carbon Dioxide ; Ether* ; Halothane* ; Hand ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Methoxyflurane* ; Partial Pressure ; Radial Artery ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental ; Ventilation

Thirty consecutive anesthesia records of transurethral resection (TUR) have been reviewed. Patient's physical status, anesthetic management and complications were also discussed. Operations in this series were classified as follows: 25 cases of TUR for carcinoma of the prostate, 3 cases of bladder tumor. In all the thirty cases of TUR, circulatory diseases, such as hypertension were encountered most frequently. (10 cases) The patients had the highest mean age(66.5 years old) and their physical status was almost all ASA class II or III. Hypotension occurred in 1 patient during TURP. There was no death associated with anesthesia and operation in this study. Pain control after operation with epidural block was satisfactory in nearly all cases. Continuous epidural anesthesia for TUR and pain control after operation was desirable.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Epidural* ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypotension ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Prostate ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms

Colloid oncotic pressure (COP) plays a major role in regulating fluid exchange at the capillary membrane, and the magnitude of COP is determined by the concentration of large plasma proteins in the colloidal state. COP is also a determinant in the morbidity and mortality of critically ill patients. To assess the role of COP in these patients, clinical data including COP, age, sex, PaO2, PaCO2, AaDO2, mean arterial pressure, length of stay in ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation and whether surgical or non-surgical treatment, were collected and analyzed from those who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Severance Hospital from March to July, 1986, The resvlts are as follows : 1) The mean values of COP, PaO2, Pacoa and AaDO2 are 15.07+/-2.89, 108.46+/-51.59 and 36.14+/-7.27 and 123.89+/-127.27 mmHg. 2) COP was the highest contributing factor to a survival prognosis followed by AaDO2, age, PaCO2 and surgery. 3) The level of COP was correlated with survival rates, and for a 50% survival rate, the level of COP was 13.5 torr. The above results suggest that COP is a contributing factor to the survival of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Proteins ; Capillaries ; Colloids* ; Critical Illness ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Survival Rate*

Colloid oncotic pressure (COP) plays a major role in regulating fluid exchange at the capillary membrane, and the magnitude of COP is determined by the concentration of large plasma proteins in the colloidal state. COP is also a determinant in the morbidity and mortality of critically ill patients. To assess the role of COP in these patients, clinical data including COP, age, sex, PaO2, PaCO2, AaDO2, mean arterial pressure, length of stay in ICU, duration of mechanical ventilation and whether surgical or non-surgical treatment, were collected and analyzed from those who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of Severance Hospital from March to July, 1986, The resvlts are as follows : 1) The mean values of COP, PaO2, Pacoa and AaDO2 are 15.07+/-2.89, 108.46+/-51.59 and 36.14+/-7.27 and 123.89+/-127.27 mmHg. 2) COP was the highest contributing factor to a survival prognosis followed by AaDO2, age, PaCO2 and surgery. 3) The level of COP was correlated with survival rates, and for a 50% survival rate, the level of COP was 13.5 torr. The above results suggest that COP is a contributing factor to the survival of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit.
Arterial Pressure ; Blood Proteins ; Capillaries ; Colloids* ; Critical Illness ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Length of Stay ; Membranes ; Mortality ; Prognosis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Survival Rate*

This study was performed to compare the effect of premedicant with triflupromazine, one of the phenothizine derivatives, and more common drugs such as morphine, hydroxyzine or atropine on flow rate and mean arterial pressure. A total of 54 cases who had open heart surgery for acquired or congenital heart diseases were divided into 3 groups depending on the main premedicants. Group l : 22 cases had triflupromazine, pethidine, hydroxyzine and atropine in divided doses. These cases were induced with a small amount of thiopental, morphine and succinylcholine and maintained with either nitrous oxide(50%), oxygen, gallamine and methoxyflurane in analgesic concentrations or with morphine fractionation. Group ll: 26 cases were given morphine, hydroxyzine and atropine as premedicants. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental, morphine and diazepam and maintained with morphine, nitrous oxide and oxygen. Group lll : 6 cases were premedicated with hydroxyzine and atropine only and maintained with halothane. After induction, surface cooling was begun using a blanket, combined with internal cooling during bypass. In group l and lll rectal temperature was maintained between 28 and 32 degrees C. in group ll, however, temperature was lower than other groups. After the main intracardiac procedures, rewarming was performed with combined surface and internal techniques. In most case a bypass time of longer than 1 hour was required with the longest times in group lll, 129.80+/-21.49 min. in duration. The longest anesthetic time was in the child group of group lll, 430+/-45.82min. in duration. Urine output during bypass in subgroup of methoxyflurane and morphine of group l was 8.95+/-0.33 and 12.15+/-0.36cc/kg/hr. In group ll the subgroup maintained with morphine in the adult and child and halothane, outputs were 11.63+/-0.14, 19.79+/-0.26 and 8.43+/-0.33 cc/kg/hr. respectively. In group lll maintained with halothane, output was 8.64+/-0.22mg/kg/hr. Mean arterial pressure(MAP) during bypass in most cases was maintained between 50 to 100 torr. In group l, the methoxyflurane subgroup, pressures were lower than in any other group, and higher flow rate was required than in any other group. Average MAP during cross clamp on the aorta of group l-methoxyflurane, group ll-morphine adult, group lll were 56.61+/-12.47, 78.79+/-17.33, and 74.06+/-19.09 mmHg respectively. MAP below 50 torr immediately after beginning bypass was more frequent in group ll(94.8%) than in other groups, and MAP above 100 torr after aorta clamping was observed more in group ll(65.2%) and in group lll(50%) than in group l(10.05%). Time to extubation was longer in group ll, the morphine subgroup, than in other groups 19.02+/-1.26 hours in the adult group and 20.05+/-2.69 hours in the child group. Post-op recovery in ICU averaged 4.17+/-0.65 days being longer in group l, the morphine subgroup, than in other groups. With this experience, we may conclude that group l with triflupromazine premedicants, as compared with the other groups, showed less esophageal and rectal temperature gradients during cooling and rewarming states, less acid base imbalance, better urine output, lower requirement of vasopressors or dilators to keep MAP with more flow rate in reasonable range during bypass and shorter time to extubation after surgery.
Acid-Base Imbalance ; Adult ; Anesthesia ; Aorta ; Arterial Pressure ; Atropine ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass* ; Child ; Constriction ; Diazepam ; Gallamine Triethiodide ; Halothane ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hydroxyzine ; Meperidine ; Methoxyflurane ; Morphine ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Rewarming ; Succinylcholine ; Thiopental ; Thoracic Surgery ; Triflupromazine