The orthopaedic treatment regarding to the residual deformity secondary to epiphyseal plate injury is the most important thing. Author particularily interested in the microscopic finding upon the repair of damaged transepiphyseal fracture of the distal femoral end of growing rabbits. Experimentally this type of fracture is produced surgically and fixation is achieved by two Kirshner wires; one Kirshner wire is inserted obliquely through the metaphysis. A total of 10 growing rabbits were fed with normal diet, and each 5 rabbits were psacrified by 8 and 10 weeks after the surgical procedure respectively and histological change is examined. No rabbit had infection for those experiment. The results of observation were summarized as follows:1. The ruptured epiphyseal plate due to osteotomy through epiphyseal plate was found to be healed by new bone and fibrotic tissue, not by cartilage regeneration. 2. The epiphyseal plate in the small part of fracture fragments revealed as follows; a. The arrangement of cartilage zones revealed marked irregularity. b. The form and the character of cartilage cells revealed an abnormality such as the hyperophy or the atrophy of cells or both. c. The necrotic area revealed at the several places. d. The thickness of epiphyseal plate revealed more narrowing and irregularity. 3. The effect on the kirschner wires were seen as follows; a. There was no evidence of cartilage regeneration on the margin of the damaged epiphyseal plate. due to Kirschner-wire insertion b. The adjacent tissues around the both kirschner Wires revealed pretty heavy new bone formation.
Atrophy ; Bone Wires ; Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diet ; Femur ; Growth Plate ; Osteogenesis ; Osteotomy ; Rabbits ; Regeneration

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Prostate* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate* ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction

Objective To evaluate the value of serum galactomannan (GM) detection for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) diagnosis. Methods The suspicious IPA patients were divided into proven,clinical and possible IPA groups. The patients excluded of IPA were recruited as controls. The serum GM concentration was detected by Platelia Aspergillus double?sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Re?sults In the 103 patients,there were seven cases diagnosed as proven,nineteen cases diagnosed as clinical and forty cases diagnosed as possible IPA patients. Setting 0.5 as the optimal result for GM detection,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive values and negative predictive values of GM were 85.7%,86.5%,55%and 97%,respectively. In non?neutropenia patients combinded with the pulmonary chronic diseases,the sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive values and negative predictive values of GM detection were 71.4%,84.4%,66.75%and 87.1%,respectively. Conclu?sion Index>0.5 for GM test could increase the sensitivity without obvious decreased specificity. GM detection could provide valuable information in patients of non?neutropenia underlying the pulmonary chronic diseases,which had a better sensitivity and specificity versus conventional diagnostic tests.

Objective To investigate the role of infiltrating inflammatory cells in photoaging process by comparing the type and number of these cells in sun-exposed and-unexposed skin.Methods The expression of CD3,CD45RO and CD68 were detected by immunohistochemieal staining in 46 paraffin-embeded skin samples from the extensor forearms(sun-exposed)and upper-inner arms(sun-unexposed) of 23 healthy female volunteers.The number of positive cells in sun-exposed and -unexposed sites was counted and statistically tested by paired samples t test,and Pearson correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the number of positive cells and age of these volunteers.Results The number of cells positive for CD3,CD45RO and CD68 per square millimetre in sun-exposed skin was significantly higher than that in sun-unexposed skin(48.91±13.173 vs.40.61±11.571,46.83±12.915 vs.38.00±10.109,85.43±22.346 vs.73.48±16.208,respectively,P<0.01 or 0.05).The number of cells positive for CD3 and CD45RO increased significantly with age (r=0.557,0.555,respectively,both P<0.01) in the sun-exposed skin but not in sun-unexposed skin,and the number of CD68-positive cells was uncorrelated with age in either sunexposed or -unexposed skin.Conclusion T lymphocytes and macrophages may play a role in the process of photoaging.

Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-1,-3 and-9 in sun-exposed and-unexposed skin as weil as its significance in the mechanism of skin photoaging.Methods Skin samples were resected from the exmnsor side of forearm(sun-exposed area)and flexor side of upper arm(sun-unexposed area)of 23 healthy female volunteers.The expression of MMP-1,-3 and-9 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in 46 skin samples.Immunoreactive intensity distribution index (IRIDI)was calculated to assess the expression of MMP-1,-3 and-9.Wilcoxon signed ranks test,Mann-Whitney U-test and Spearman rank correlation analysis were performed.Results MMP-1,-3 and-9 were expressed in both sun-exposed and -unexposed skin.The average IRIDI value for MMP-1,-3 and-9 was 7.70(range,3 to 12).9.22(range,6 to 12),8.30(range,6 to 12)in sun-exposed skin,and 4.26 (range,2 to 6),5.39(range,2 to 9),4.04(range,1 to 6)in sun-unexposed skin,respectively;significant difierence existed between sun.exposed and-unexposed skin in the three parameters(all P＜0.01).A significant inerease was observed in the average IRIDI value for MMP-1,-3 and-9 in sun-exposed skin vs.sun-unexposed skin in women above 50 years of age (9.17 vs 4.75,10.58 vs 6.42,8.92 vs 4.33,respectively,all P＜0.05).In women younger than 50 years,the average IRIDI value for MMP-1,-3 and-9 was 6.09(range,3 to 8),7.73(range,6 to 9),7.64(range,6 to 12)in sun-exposed skin,significantly higher than that in sun-unexposed skin[3.73(range,2 to 6),4.27(range,2 to 8),3.73(range,1 to 6),all P＜0.05].Increased IRIDI scores of MMP-1,-3 and -9 were noticed in sun-exposed skin in women above 50 years of age vs.those younger than 50 years.but there was no statistical difrerence in MMP-I or MMP-9 between the two aged groups in sun-unexposed skin(all P＞0.05).The IRIDI scores of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 were positively correlated with age(r=0.66,0.69,0.74,all P＜0.01)in sun-exposed skin,but the IRIDI scores of MMP-1 and MMP-9 uncorrelated with age in sun-unexposed skin.Conclusions There isan elevated expression of MMP-1,-3 and.9 in sun-exposed skin VS.SUn.unexposed skin.hinting that these three MMPs play a role in the occurrence and development of photoaging,but their biological mechanism may be different.

Objective To study the effects of different stimulators on the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs),and to evaluate the effects of the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs,named conditioned media (CM),on the proliferation of and production of MMPs by cultured human fibroblasts.Methods PBMCs were isolated from the venous blood samples of healthy volunteers and divided into three groups to be stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA group),the combination of antibodies against CD3 and CD28 (double-antibody group),or the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10％ fetal calf serum (control group).After 72-hour stimulation,CM was collected from all the three groups,diluted to several different degrees.Cultured human fibroblasts were classified into several groups to be treated with different dilutions of CM from the three groups for 48 or 24 hours,with the fibroblasts untreated with CM serving as the control group.Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to evaluate cellular proliferative activity,semi-quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to detect the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs in cells,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the levels of interleukin (IL)-6,MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 proteins in the culture supernatant of cells.Statistical analysis was carried out mainly by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA),Tukey HSD test,and GamesHowell test.Results Compared with the control group,the PHA group showed increased cellular proliferative activity,IL-6 and MMP-3 protein levels in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs (all P ＜ 0.05).Significant differences were observed among the PHA group,double-antibody group and control group in the relative mRNA expression level (expressed as the ratio of target mRNA to β-actin mRNA) of MMP-1 in activated PBMCs (0.083 ± 0.016 vs.0.188 ± 0.030 vs.0.714 ± 0.104,F =85.905,P ＜ 0.05),but neither MMP-3 nor MMP-9 mRNA was expressed by activated PBMCs.MMP-3 protein was detectable in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts after the treatment with CM,and the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in that of fibroblasts treated with undiluted CM,and lowest with 1/10 diluted CM;at the same dilutions,the level of MMP-3 protein was highest in the culture supernatant of fibroblasts treated with CM from the PHA group,but lowest with that from the control group.Neither MMP-1 nor MMP-9 protein was detected in the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs or treated fibroblasts.There were no significant differences in cellular proliferative activity of and mRNA expressions of MMP-1 or MMP-3 in fibroblasts among these groups (all P ＞ 0.05),and MMP-9 mRNA expression was undetected in the treated fibroblasts.Conclusions PBMCs can be induced to express MMP-1 mRNA and secret MMP-3 protein after activation.However,the culture supernatant of activated PBMCs has no capacity to stimulate the expressions of MMP-1,MMP-3 and MMP-9 mRNAs or proteins by fibroblasts,suggesting that inflammatory cells may function through self-production of MMPs.

Objective To explore the distribution of vascular lesions in the cerebral digital subtraction angi-ography( DSA) and associated diseases in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease( ICVD) ,and complications, as well as the value of DSA in ICVD.Methods The DSA data of 99 ICVD cases were analyzed retrospectively, patients treated by ischemia type were divided into the cerebral infarction(CI) and transient ischemic attack(TIA) group.All patients were examined by 3D-TOF and neck vascular ultrasound screening,the final diagnosis by DSA. While observing the perioperative complications and associated diseases.Results 99 patients with ICVD,88 cases of the presence of vascular lesions diagnosed by DSA.In 99 cases,there were 252 lesions,accounting for the top three for the internal carotid artery(ICA),vertebral artery(VA) and the middle cerebral artery(MCA).While there were 121 bifurcation lesions,accounting for the top three for ICA,VA,and the external carotid artery(ECA).TIA in patients with concomitant diseases accounted for the top three for hypertension(HTN),type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and hyperlipidemia and renal insufficiency;Patients with CI associated diseases accounted for the top three for HTN, T2DM and hyperlipidemia.There were 10 cases of patients with DSA complications,most of the vasovagal reflex in five cases;serious for TIA and CI in 1 case ( not cause any neurological deficits at discharge ) .Conclusion Carotid vascular disease plays an important role in the occurrence of ICVD, especially in the blood vessels of bifurcation lesion.Within ICVD risk factors in HTN in the majority, followed by T2DM, hyperlipidemia.DSA surgery rarely serious complications,blood vessels can provide more comprehensive information,and provide the basis for further development of ICVD prevention and treatment programs,this checking method is safe and reliable.

The role of the Orthodontist in cleft lip and cleft palate therapy is primarily ill correction of malocclusion which is required by practically every child who has these defects. He can contribute to the assessment of dento-facial growth and development. We may gain the possible limited correction of delayed malocclusion due to cleft lip and palate. The authors have attempted delayed orthodontic treatment of a cleft lip and palate of 12.9 years old girl, who had a cleft lip and palate of surgical closure at 2,3 and 4 years old.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cleft Lip* ; Cleft Palate ; Female ; Growth and Development ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Palate*

Objective To investigate the microsatellite instability(MSI) and monomorphism at microsatellite DNA BAT 26 locus in esophageal mucosa. Methods Genomic DNA extracted from tissues was amplified by PCR. PCR products were run on 9% denaturing polyacrylamidegel and stained with silver. Then MSI and monomorphism of microsatellite at BAT 26 locus in normal tissues at the incised edge and esophageal cancer tissues in 45 cases of esophageal caner were analyzed. Results All normal specimens showed no change in the length of MS DNA at BAT 26 locus. MSI was detected in 3 out of 45(6 7%) cases of esophageal cancer. Conclusion BAT 26 has complete monomorphism in genome of normal esophageal tissues, but is not sensitive to the identification of MSI.

Objective To detect the state of microsatellite instability (MSI) and investigate the relationship between MSI and clinical pathological parameters in esophageal cancer. Methods MSI was analyzed by PCR SSCP method. Results MSI was detected (22 22%) in 45 cases of esophageal cancer. Effects of MSI on clinical stage, pathological classification, lymph node metastasis, and invasion were not found. Conclusion MSI may be an early molecular pathway and play a certain role in the development of the esophageal cancer.