An eighty year old woman was admitted at our hospital diagnosed as a cervical transverse myelitis at a previous hospital. She had a sudden weakness of right upper extremity and left lower extremity 2 months after admission. She received magnetic resonance imaging of brain and spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid examination and was diagnosed as a recurrent transverse myelitis and midbrain infarction. After a steroid treatment, the weakness of extremities was improved.
Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesencephalon ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Recurrence ; Spinal Cord ; Upper Extremity

An eighty year old woman was admitted at our hospital diagnosed as a cervical transverse myelitis at a previous hospital. She had a sudden weakness of right upper extremity and left lower extremity 2 months after admission. She received magnetic resonance imaging of brain and spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid examination and was diagnosed as a recurrent transverse myelitis and midbrain infarction. After a steroid treatment, the weakness of extremities was improved.
Brain ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Infarction ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesencephalon ; Myelitis, Transverse* ; Recurrence ; Spinal Cord ; Upper Extremity

OBJECTIVE: To compare the movement pattern of the hyoid during the pharyngeal swallowing between healthy young and old person through the motion analysis using the videofluoroscopic study. METHOD: Eight young and eight old volunteers without dysphagia were included in this study. Movement patterns of the hyoid (degree of anterior and superior displacement, the speed, trajectory and temporal speed curve of the hyoid) were analyzed through the videofluoroscopy and the motion analysis system. RESULTS: The maximal anterior displacement and the maximal speed of the hyoid were decreased in the old group compared with the young. The trajectories of the young and old group showed asymmetrical pathway (returning pathway was different from the departing one). All groups showed two speed peaks at the temporal curve but the peaks at the old group were blunted. CONCLUSION: Decrease of the maximal anterior movement and the peak speed of the hyoid during the pharyngeal swallowing was found in the old group. It may be due to decrease in the contraction speed of the muscles related to the hyoid movement and elasticity of the laryngeal wall according to the aging.
Aging ; Deglutition Disorders ; Deglutition* ; Elasticity ; Humans ; Muscles ; Volunteers

Hand tumorsare many and varied, although benign tumors are common. The pathology and histology of these tumors are not unlike these characteristics of the tumor when it occurs elsewhere. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of all hand tumors have been emphasized since the growth of tumors and pain can cause disturbance of intrinsic function of the hand. For the period of 10 years from 1977 to 1986, 105 cases of hand tumor were treated surgically and the results of clinical observation were as follows ; l. Among 105 cases, benign tumor was 101 cases(96.2%) Bone origin tumor was 20 cases, in which enchondroma and enchondromatosis were 17 cases(70%). Soft tissue origin tumor was 85 cases, in which ganglion was 54 cases(63.5%). 2. Among 105 cases, 42 cases were male and 63 cases were female. In age distribution, it showed even distribution. 3. In the duration of wymptom, 51 cases were below 1 year(48.6%). 4. The tumor occured 85 cases in soft tissue, 14 in phalanx, 7 in metacarpal and 1 in carpal bone. 5. The tumors were treated by excision or curettage and bone graft with good improvement, but postoperatively recurred in 2 cases of Hemangioma. Ampuation was performed in 3 cases of malignant tumors without recurrence.
Age Distribution ; Carpal Bones ; Chondroma ; Clinical Study ; Curettage ; Early Diagnosis ; Enchondromatosis ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; Hand ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Transplants

To examine the association between adhesive capsulitis of shoulders and rotator cuff tears determined by ultrasonographic findings. Total 49 consecutive patients were diagnosed as adhesive capsulitis by physical examination and simple radiologic evaluation. Shoulder ultrasonographies were done for them. For 20 subjects, the sensitivity and the specificity of the empty can test for supraspinatus tear were measured. Among 49 subjects, 49.0% (n=24) had rotator cuff tears. The empty can test exhibited the sensitivity of 55.6% and the specificity of 81.8% for the supraspinatus tear. The physical examination of empty can test was not sufficient for the screening of supraspinatus tear. So the radiologic evaluation, for example ultrasonography, may be needed in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tear in adhesive capsulitis patients.
Adhesives ; Bursitis ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Physical Examination ; Rotator Cuff ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Pain

Electrical stimulation is recently rising as a treatment protocol of dysphagia. The mechanism is known to induce the pharyngeal reflex to stimulate the sensory nerve around the neck. However, elevation of the hyoid and pharynx to stimulate the suprahyoid muscles (esp. mylohyoid muscle) is thought to be more beneficial. We presented 3 cases to improve the dysphagia after stimulation of the suprahyoid muscles to elevate the hyoid and pharynx similar to the normal swallowing during 4 weeks.
Clinical Protocols ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Electric Stimulation ; Gagging ; Humans ; Muscles ; Neck ; Pharynx

Romberg's disease manifests as progressive hemifacial atrophy of skin, soft tissue, and bone. Treatment involves three-dimensional reconstruction of all soft- tissue and skeletal disturbances. Soft-tissue reconstruction is directed at augmentation of deficient soft-tissue volume and there are many therapeutic modalities available, such as autologous tissue grafts and inorganic implants. The arrival of microsurgical techniques has improved the outlook for facial contour restoration. The tissues used for microsurgical tissue transfer include groin, scapular, and omentum. This article introduces our experience with the superior gluteal perforator-based flap for the restoration of facial contour defects in the patient of Romberg`s disease. Superior gluteal perforator flap has some advantages; It doesn`t need to transect or sacrifice of the gluteus maximus muscle, Flap elevation time is short, Blood flow of the perforator is reliable, There is no post-operative hindrance to walking in patient. The disadvantages of this perforator-based flaps are the anatomical variation in the location of perforators and the need for tedious dissection.
Facial Hemiatrophy ; Groin ; Humans ; Omentum ; Perforator Flap ; Skin ; Transplants ; Walking

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and sagittal spinal balance in the Korean elderly population. METHODS: The retrospective study included subjects aged 60 years and above, who had whole-spine lateral radiography and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) within a year's gap between each other. Sagittal vertical axis (SVA) for evaluation of sagittal spinal balance and five spinopelvic parameters were measured through radiography. The presence of compression fracture was identified. Correlations of BMD T-scores with SVA and with the spinopelvic parameters were assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC). Linear regression analyses were performed between SVA and the clinical and radiologic variables. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two subjects (42 males and 80 females; mean age, 69.93+/-5.5 years) were included in the study. BMD, femur or spine, was not correlated with SVA or any spinopelvic parameters in both genders (PCC<+/-0.2), except that spine BMD in men was associated with sacral slope. Univariate regression analysis revealed association between SVA and lumbar lordosis, pelvic tilt, and compression fractures in both genders; it was also associated with age and pelvic incidence in females and with sacral slope in males. Multivariate linear regression model showed lumbar lordosis and compression fracture as variables affecting SVA in both sexes; pelvic incidence was another factor affecting SVA in women only. CONCLUSION: BMD was not associated with sagittal spinal balance in the aged. Sagittal spinal balance was explained partly by lumbar lordosis and compression fracture. Further study is warranted to understand progression of sagittal imbalance with age.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bone Density* ; Female ; Femur ; Fractures, Compression ; Humans ; Incidence ; Linear Models ; Lordosis ; Male ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical usefulness of the relatively short instrument, the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K), for testing the association between cognition and language function in subacute post-stroke aphasia patients. METHODS: Medical charts of 111 post-stroke patients (65 men; age 69.6±10.0 years; 124.6±80.6 days post-onset) were reviewed retrospectively. All patients were assessed longitudinally for aphasia using the validated Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB) and for cognition using the MMSE-K. Patients were categorized and analyzed according to 3 aphasia-severity clusters. RESULTS: All subscales of the K-WAB showed significant improvement in follow-up assessments in all groups (p<0.05 or p<0.01). Only the scores of orientation, language function, and total score of MMSE-K showed significant improvement in all groups (p<0.01). The more severely impaired group showed stronger Pearson correlation coefficients between cognition and language function. Additionally, comparisons between correlation coefficients showed that the association of improvement in orientation with that of fluency and AQ% (aphasia quotient %) was significant in the more severely impaired group. CONCLUSION: Among subacute post-stroke aphasic patients, patients with more severe aphasia showed greater impairments to cognitive function; in addition, recovery of orientation may be related to recovery of language function.
Aphasia ; Cognition ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke

The authors describe a male newborn with multiple congenital anomalies; craniofacial dysmorphism, bilateral cleft palate and lip, ambiguous external genitalia with absence of phallus, ventricular septal defect, agenesis of olfactory bulbs, and presence of small round cells simulating migration defect in the cerebellar white matter. Cytogenetic study demonstrated a chromosomal constitution of 47,XY, +21, +5q. Its pathological significance compared with Down's syndrome and hitherto reported partial trisomy 5q is discussed.
Abnormalities, Multiple/*genetics/pathology ; *Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 ; Down Syndrome/*genetics/pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Phenotype ; *Trisomy