Sixty three new type 2 diabetes(T2DM)mellitus were treated with insulin pump for 2 weeks.Free insulins,fasting plasma slucose,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin(IL)-6 level and other parameters were measured before and after insulin treatment.HOMA-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)and β-cell function(HOMA-β)were compared.After 2 weeks insulin intensive treatment, TNF-α and IL-6 level were significant lower(P<0.01).HOMA-IR and HOMA.B were signifiant improved (P<0.01).TNF-α and IL-6 levels were positively associated with tlle body mess index and HOMA.IR (P<0.01).TNF-α,IL-6 and HOMA-IR could be significanly improved by short-term insulin pump intensive treatment in new T2DM patients with severe hyperglycemia.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration(nAMD)and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV)are leading causes of blindness and visual impairment in older population.They are both with a hemorrhagic and exudative macular disorder.PCV has been proposed to be a sub-type of nAMD,hut this is a matter of controversy.Although several genes are found to be associated with PCV and nAMD(CFH,ARMS2/HTRA1),but more genes show no common association with the two diseases.such as BF/C2,Elastin,PEDF,SERPlNG1,VEGF,APOE genes.All these Results might imply that PCV and nAMD have different pathogenesis.But in the current state of our knowledge for PCV and nAMD.we still could not conclude if they are the same diseases.The purpose of these review is to discuss the recent progress in the molecular biology of PCV and nAMD.

BackgroundMüller cells has been recognized as being vital in both healthy and diseased retina.Recently,these cells even have been identified to be the source of retinal progenitor cells.In order to study the possible function of the retinal Müller cells,it is important to establish a practical procedure to obtain the purified cells. ObjectiveThis study was to simplify the procedure of primary culture and purification of retinal Müller cells in vitro. MethodsEyeballs of SPF newborn SD rats were enucleated and retinas were dissected free after soaking the eyeballs overnight in DMEM/F12 medium in room temperature.Then the retinas were mechanically dissociated into micro aggregates and cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10％ FBS for 8-10 days.The floating retinal aggregates and debris were removed and the medium was changed in 2-3 days interval to get more purified flat cell population.Cultured cells were passaged after confluent.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the response to glutamine synthetase (GS) and Vimentin for the identification of the cultured Müller cells,and flow cytometry (FCM) was used to estimate the purity of the cells. Results Cultured Müller cells had large cellular body and richer cytoplasm.More than 95％ of the cells showed the positive response for GS with the brown staining in cytoplasm and cellular nuclei,and the positive stainiug also was seen for Vimentin in cytoplasm.FCM showed that 99.7％ of the cells were GS positive after 3 passages.Conclusions Modified procedure in this experiment is a simple and practical method for culturing retinal Müller cells.

Retina is subjected to many acquired and inherited neuronal degenerative diseases such as agerelated macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP). All of these diseases are associated with the progressive damage and loss of photoreceptors, which is causing visual impairment and irreversible blindness. Stem-cell therapy is being widely considered as a promising treatment of these incurable retina diseases. However, in mammals including humans, there seems to be little or no recovery of lost cells. By contrast, nonmammalian vertebrates, such as amphibians and fish, have robust regenerative responses to injury, which can lead to the near complete restoration of the neurons lost through injury. Nevertheless ,over the past several years, studies have investigated that stem cells do exist in the adult mammalian eyes, and at least some types of neurons can be regenerated in the mammalian retina by stimulating with growth factors or transcription factors. These recent results suggest that some part of the regenerative program occurring in lower vertebrates remains in the mammalian retina.Here, the origin of various of adult retinal stem cells for the self-renewal and proliferation. and the relevant influencing factors were summarized.

Coupled magnetic nanoparticles in the microcapsule structure, such as magnetic microcapsules, can be delivered in specific organism or tissues under magnetic field exposure. Thus, the microcapsules can achieve active targeting functions by manipulat-ing the magnetic field. Based on the magnetic microcapsules, the antitumor drugs can also be loaded to realize magnetic response, which gives microcapsules sustained and controlled release advantages. To date, the drug microcapsules carrying magnetic nanoparti-cles have become promising novel delivery carriers for the treatment of tumor diseases. This paper mainly reviews the method of prepa-ration of the magnetic nanoparticle-coupled microcapsules, including liposomes, polyelectrolyte microcapsules, and polymer micro-spheres. The basic research progress of these microcapsules as anticancer drug carriers for the tumor therapy was also reviewed.

Objective To research the association of IR and β-cell function with MS in T2DM.Methods 116 T2DM subjects were divided into two groups:MS(n=60)and T2DM(n=56),and FIns,FPG,BP and other items were measured.Results HOMA-IR was significantly higher in MS than in T2DM and control group(P<0.05).HOMA-β was significantly lower in MS than in T2DM and control group(P<0.05).And FPG,waist circumference(WC)in MS group were positively correlated with the IR level(P<0.05).Conclusions The HOMA-IR was highest in T2DM with MS,and HOMA-β was lowest in T2DM with MS

Objective To explore the superiority and clinical efficacy of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast approach in treatment of thyroid diseases .At the same time evaluation of endoscopic application value in the treatment of the disease .Methods Retrospective analysis of menstrual breast approach endoscopic 20 patients with benign thy-roid tumor patient clinical data ,and with the same period in 20 cases of thyroid cancer patients underwent convention-al operation of undergraduate clinical comparativeanalysis .Results Cavity mirrors the operative time , intraoperative blood loss,postoperative flow,length of hospital stay,postoperative complications and beauty satisfaction respectively (97.2 ±15.6)min,(17.8 ±8.6)mL,(30.2 ±11.8)mL,(4.7 ±0.9)d,15%,90%;the traditional group respec-tively(70.3 ±19.0)min,(24.6 ±15.2)mL,(35.6 ±19.6)mL,(5.2 ±0.6)d,10%,30%.Two groups of postoper-ative hospital stay,led traffic,beauty satisfaction difference had statistical significance (t=-2.203,-2.427,χ2 =54.432,all P<0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic operation for treatment of thyroid disease has the advantages of small operation wound ,fewer complications ,and without scar on the neck ,which is an ideal minimally invasive opera-tion treatment .

Objective To evaluate the effect of velocity of inspiratory flow on the severe asthma patients.Methods Twenty patients were ventilated thirty minutes respectively when the peak velocity of flow was 40L/min,60 L/min,80 L/min,100 L/min and 120 L/min,and then we measured their airway peak pressure(Ppeak),plateau pressure(Pplat)and intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure(PEEPi)and arterial blood gas analysis,accounting shunt fraction(QS/QT)and Dead space value(VD/VT).Results When velocity of flow enhanced from 40L/min to 60L/min,Ppeak increased while Pplat,PEEPi,VD/VT decreased obviously.When velocity of flow enhanced from 60L/min to 80L/min,Ppeak increased also but Pplat,PEEPi,QS/QT and VD/VT changed no significant.When velocity of flow enhanced from 60L/min to 100L/min,Pplat and PEEPi increased indistinctly while Ppeak,QS/QT and VD/VT increased distinctly.Conclusions The velocity of inspiratory flow,60~80L /min,can reduce PEEPi、QS/QT 及VD/VT and improve respiratory status.

15 mm,10～15 mm,

ObjectiveTo observe the manifestations of depression at different stages after cerebral concussion. Methods77 cerebral concussion patients received Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) examination at acute stage (in the 7 days after disease) and convalescence stage (at about 30 days after disease), and then compared with 48 health adults. ResultsThe scores of anxietas somatization, cognitive handicap, retardation, dyssomnia, feeling of despair conclude the total score in the cerebral concussion patients at acute stage were all significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05). During the convalescence stage, the scores of anxietas somatization, the change of body weight, cognitive handicap, diurnal variation, retardation, dyssomnia, feeling of despair conclude the total score were all significantly higher than that of the control (P<0.05). The scores of almost all the item of HAMD were significantly higher than that of the control at both acute stage and convalescence stage, and the scores of athymia, suicide, difficulty falling asleep, early awake, agitate, somatization, constitutional symptom, hypochondriasis, loss of weight, insight, diurnal variation, feeling of despair, anosognosia, sense of inferiority and total HAMD scores at convalescence stage were all significantly higher than that at the acute stage, but the scores of blockage, psychoanxietas, derealization, symptom of over-absorption mind, compel symptom, sense of capability decrease at the acute stage were all significantly higher than that at the convalescence stage (P<0.05).ConclusionThe manifestations of depression in the cerebral concussion patients were not completely the same, so the mental intervention should be in direction.