Background/Aims: The protective effects of vitamin D and calcium on colorectal neoplasms are known. Bone mineral density (BMD) may be a reliable biomarker that reflects the long-term anticancer effect of vitamin D and calcium. This study aimed to evaluate the association between BMD and colorectal adenomas including high-risk adenoma. Methods: A multicenter, cross-sectional, case-control study was conducted among participants with average risk of colorectal cancer who underwent BMD and screening colonoscopy between 2015 and 2019. The main outcome was the detection of colorectal neoplasms. The variable under consideration was low BMD (osteopenia/osteoporosis). The logistic regression model included baseline demographics, components of metabolic syndrome, fatty liver disease status, and aspirin and multivitamin use. Results: A total of 2,109 subjects were enrolled. The mean age was 52.1±10.8 years and 42.6% were male. The adenoma detection rate was 43%. Colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma were both more prevalent in subjects with low BMD than those with normal BMD (48.2% vs 38.8% and 12.1% vs 9.1%). In the univariate analysis, old age, male sex, smoking, metabolic components, fatty liver, and osteoporosis were significantly associated with the risk of adenoma and high-risk adenoma. In the multivariate analysis, osteoporosis was independently associated with risk of colorectal adenoma (odds ratio [OR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 2.46; p=0.014) and high-risk adenoma (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.14 to 3.29; p=0.014). Conclusions Osteoporosis is an independent risk factor of colorectal adenoma and high-risk adenoma

The followings are the results for external quality assessment (EQA) in immunoserology for 2004: 1. Evaluation of EQA was done in 2 trials in May and November, about 99% of laboratories participating average 8.4 items. EQA for anti-HBc test was newly started in 2004. 2. Commercial control, MASR Immunology Control from Medical Analysis Systems (Camarillo, CA, USA) was used to assure the quality of quantitative results of C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-streptolysin O (ASO) tests in 2004. All the specimens for Immunoserology in EQA were delivered refrigerated for the first time, being received within 48 hours after sending. 3. EQA for detection of HBsAg mutants was tried for the first time, using the recombinant HBsAg mutant (Gly/Arg 145) kindly provided by Abbott Laboratories, USA. 4. The laboratories using immunochromatography assay (ICA) were increased, however, many laboratories using ICA reported falsely negative for the positive specimens. The sensitivity of ICA test kits as well as various factors influencing the ICA results should be evaluated. 5. Standardization of methods including calibrators for quantitative results should be required for the harmonization of results.
Allergy and Immunology ; C-Reactive Protein ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Immunochromatography ; Korea* ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Rheumatoid Factor

The followings are the results for external quality assessment (EQA) in immunoserology for 2003: 1.Evaluation of EQA was done in 2 trials in May and November, about 99% of laboratories participating average 8.2 items. 2.In C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-streptolysin O (ASO) tests, about 63%, 49% and 44% of the participating laboratories respectively have used quantitative assays. Because the laboratories using quanitiative assays were on the increase annually, commercial control, Liquicheck(TM) Immunology Contol from Bio-Rad Laboratories (Irvine, CA, USA) was used to assure the quality of quantitiavie results in 2003. A few laboratories reproted the outlier results, comparing with the reference ranges presented by the company. 3.Over 92% of participating laboratoreis have used imunoassays including enzyme immunoassay (EIA), microparticle EIA (MEIA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA), immunochromatography assay (ICA) or radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detedting viral antigens or antibodies. Especially for anti-HCV, over 98% of participating laboratoreis have used various kind of imunoassays. Laboratories using ICA increased and about 24% of participating laboratoreis have used ICA for anti-HCV and anti-HIV. However, many laboratories using ICA for detecting anti-HCV reported false negative results, suggesting lower sensitivity of ICA than those of other immunoassays. 4.The criteria of interpretation were considered to be evaluated in Widal test and laboratories using ICA increased in serological tests for syphilis.
Allergy and Immunology ; Antibodies ; Antigens, Viral ; C-Reactive Protein ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Immunoassay ; Immunochromatography ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Korea* ; Luminescence ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Radioimmunoassay ; Reference Values ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of performance on activities in critical pathway (CP) according to eight domains and six admission days on nursing records of patients who received total hip replacement surgery. METHODS: We reviewed 90 nursing records of patients who received total hip replacement surgery from June, 2004 to July, 2005 at C University Hospital. Data were collected using Hong's CP (2002) and were analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS: The domain of diet was valued the highest in CP performance scoring, followed by the domains of assessment, activities, and test. There were differences in the performance scores according to the period of admission in all of the domains. Among 132 activities in the CP, 18 activities were completely performed, of which most included activities belonging to the domain of assessment on the admission day. Twelve activities were never performed, of which most included activities belonging to the domain of treatment on the day of operation and the first day after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, further studies on the development of a new system to increase CP utilization and on updating the contents of CP from the best practice based on evidence is recommended.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Compliance ; Critical Pathways* ; Diet ; Humans ; Nursing Records ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

The followings are the results for external quality assessment (EQA) in immunoserology for 2002: 1. Evaluation of EQA was done in 2 trials in May and November, about 96% of laboratories participating average 8.3 items. 2. In C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-streptolysin O (ASO) tests, about 40%, 53% and 52% of the participating laboratories respectively have used qualitative assays, mainly latex agglutination. And about 55%, 43% and 40% of the participating laboratories have used quantitative assays, turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) or nephelometry in CRP, RF and ASO tests respectively. Laboratories using TIA increased and those using nephelometry decreased. The instruments which were the most frequently used in nephelometry were BN series (Dade Behring Inc., Germany). The instruments of Hitachi series (Hitachi Ltd., Japan), Cobas Integra and Mira series (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Germany), Toshiba series (Toshiba Corporation, Japan) and Olympus AU series (Olympus Optical Co., Ltd., Japan) were frequently used in TIA. The quantitative results were quite variable according to the methods or reagents, especially in RF and ASO. 3. Over 90% of participating laboratoreis have used imunoassay including enzyme immunoassay (EIA), microparticle EIA (MEIA), chemiluminescence immunoassay (CIA), immunochromatography assay (ICA) or radioimmunoassay (RIA). Laboratories using CIA and ICA increased. Sensitivities of ICA were lower than those of other immunoassays in the results of HBsAg and anti-HCV. The sensitivity of SD HCV (Standard Diagnostics, Inc., Korea) was especially lower in anti-HCV results. Sensitivities of CIA and ICA were also lower than those of EIA including MEIA in the results of anti-HIV. 4. The criteria of interpretation were considered to be evaluated in Widal test and laboratories using ICA increased in serological tests for syphilis.
Agglutination ; C-Reactive Protein ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Immunoassay ; Immunochromatography ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Indicators and Reagents ; Korea* ; Latex ; Luminescence ; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Serologic Tests ; Syphilis